公开(公告)号：US5294266A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-15

申请号：US978193

申请日：1992-11-18

申请人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Thomas Kolberg ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Horst Gehmecker ,  Werner Rausch ,  Peter Schubach ,  Thomas Wendel

发明人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Thomas Kolberg ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Horst Gehmecker ,  Werner Rausch ,  Peter Schubach ,  Thomas Wendel

IPC分类号： C23C22/34 ,  C23C22/36 ,  C23C22/60 ,  C23C22/83

CPC分类号： C23C22/73 ,  C23C22/34 ,  C23C22/361 ,  C23C22/60 ,  C23C22/83

摘要： The invention is in a composition and process for the chromium free passivating postrinsing of conversion layers on metals before the application of a paint or adhesive. The conversion layers can be on the bases of phosphate layers, at least two polyvalent metal ions with complex formers, titanium, zirconium and/or hafnium. The postrinsing agent is an aqueous solution which has been adjusted to a pH value of up to 5 and which contains an aluminum fluorozirconate having an Al:Zr:F mole ratio of (0.15 to 8.0):1:(5 to 52), and in which solutions the total concentration of Al+Zr+F is 0.1 to 8.0 g/l. The postrinsing solutions may additionally contain at least one of the anions benzoate, caprylate, ethyl hexoate, salicylate in a total concentration of 0.05 to 0.5 g/1 and may preferably be adjusted to the required pH value with cations of volatile bases, such as ammonium, ethanolammonium and di- and triethanolammonium. The paint is subsequently applied suitably by cathodic electrocoating or powder coating or from a low-solvent high-solids paint.The rinsing treatment is over a period of 1 to 120 seconds at temperatures of 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. The invention is used as a pretreatment to the application of a paint coating, film coating or adhesive coating.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用于在施加涂料或粘合剂之前的金属上的转化层的无铬钝化的组合物和方法。 转化层可以在磷酸盐层，至少两种具有复合成型剂的多价金属离子，钛，锆和/或铪的基础上。 postrinsing剂是一种水溶液，其pH值调至5以下，并含有Al：Zr：F摩尔比为（0.15〜8.0）：1：（5〜52）的氟锆酸铝， 其中Al + Zr + F的总浓度为0.1〜8.0g / l。 postrinsing溶液还可以含有至少一种阴离子苯甲酸酯，辛酸酯，己酸乙酯，水杨酸酯，总浓度为0.05至0.5g / l，并​​且可优选用挥发性碱如铵的阳离子调节至所需的pH值 ，乙醇铵和二乙醇胺和三乙醇铵。 随后通过阴极电涂或粉末涂料或低溶剂高固体涂料适当地施涂涂料。 在20〜80℃的温度下，漂洗处理时间为1〜120秒。本发明用作涂料涂料，薄膜包衣或粘合剂涂料的预处理。

公开(公告)号：US5203930A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US570350

申请日：1990-08-21

申请人： Georg Blumlhuber ,  Horst Gehmecker ,  Dieter Hauffe ,  Lothar Kaul ,  Thomas Nitschke ,  Werner Rausch ,  Hardy Wietzoreck

发明人： Georg Blumlhuber ,  Horst Gehmecker ,  Dieter Hauffe ,  Lothar Kaul ,  Thomas Nitschke ,  Werner Rausch ,  Hardy Wietzoreck

IPC分类号： C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/18 ,  C23C22/22 ,  C23C22/36 ,  C23C22/73

CPC分类号： C23C22/184 ,  C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/22 ,  C23C22/362 ,  C23C22/73

摘要： A process for forming phosphate coatings on metal surfaces is provided which comprises the steps of contacting said metal surface with an Fe(II)-containing phosphating solution comprising0.4 to 30 g/l Zn4 to 30 g/l P.sub.2 O.sub.55 to 50 g/l NO.sub.3up to 10 g/l Fe(II) ; andup to 0.3 g/l (Fe(III)wherein the weight ratio of free P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to total P.sub.2 O.sub.5 is (0.04 to 0.50):1 and, replenishing said phosphating solution with Zn, NO.sub.3 and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 in a weight ratio ofZn:NO.sub. 3 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 =(0.60 to 0.30):(0.2 to 0.4):1.wherein the Fe(II) content is adjusted by oxidation with nitrate or nitrite derived from nitrate optionally employed with an oxygen-containing gas, H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and/or nitrous gases; and rinsing said metal surface with a cascade of at least two aqueous rinsing baths in the opposite direction of travel of said metal surface wherein water having a low salt content or no salt content derived from the phosphating bath is fed to the last rinsing bath and the overflowing water from said rinsing bath is fed to the next preceding rinsing bath and ultimately to the phosphating bath, and wherein the low salt content rinse water derived from the phosphating bath is withdrawn therefrom as a rate effective to permit the addition of phosphate-enriched rinsing water from the cascade of rinsing water to the phosphating bath while maintaining the desired species concentration in said phosphating bath.

摘要翻译： 提供一种在金属表面上形成磷酸盐涂层的方法，其包括以下步骤：使所述金属表面与含有0.4至30g / l Zn 4至30g / l P 2 O 5的含Fe（II）的磷酸盐溶液接触5至50g / l NO3高达10g / l Fe（II）; 和高达0.3g / l（Fe（III），其中游离P 2 O 5与总P 2 O 5的重量比为（0.04-0.50）：1，并用Zn，NO 3和P 2 O 5以Zn:Nn的重量比补充所述磷酸盐溶液 3 P 2 O 5 =（0.60〜0.30）：（0.2〜0.4）：1，其中Fe（II）含量通过硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐氧化而调节，硝酸盐或硝酸盐任选地与含氧气体，H 2 O 2和/或亚硝酸气体 并且在所述金属表面的相反行进方向上用级联的至少两个水性漂洗浴冲洗所述金属表面，其中具有低盐含量或不含有来自磷酸盐的盐含量的水被供给到最后的冲洗浴中， 将来自所述冲洗浴的溢出水进料到下一个先前的漂洗浴并最终送入磷化浴，并且其中从磷化浴中得到的低盐含量的漂洗水从其中提取出来，其速率可以有效地添加富含磷酸盐 从级联漂洗水 e向磷化浴中冲洗水，同时保持所述磷化浴中所需的物质浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5268041A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-07

申请号：US949349

申请日：1992-09-22

申请人： Horst Gehmecker ,  Werner Rausch ,  Peter Schubach

发明人： Horst Gehmecker ,  Werner Rausch ,  Peter Schubach

IPC分类号： C23C22/18 ,  C23C22/36 ,  C23C22/83 ,  C23C22/12

CPC分类号： C23C22/83 ,  C23C22/186 ,  C23C22/188 ,  C23C22/368

摘要： In a process of phosphating metal surfaces phosphating solutions are employed which are substantially free of nickel and contain______________________________________ 0.3 to 1.7 g/l Zn 0.2 to 4.0 g/l Mn 0.001 to 0.030 (preferably 0.003 to 0.020) g/l Cu 5 to 30 g/l phosphate (calculated as P.sub.2 O.sub.5) ______________________________________ in which by oxygen and/or other equivalent oxidizers the concentration of Fe(II) is kept below 0.1 g/1 and which are adjusted to a pH value from 3.0 to 3.8. The weight ratio of Cu to P.sub.2 O.sub.5 is preferably adjusted to I: (170 to 30,000) and Cu and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 are preferably replenished in a weight ratio of 1 : (5 to 2000). The phosphating solutions should contain 0.3 to 1.0 g/1 Zn if they are applied by spraying and should contain 0.9 to 1.7 g/1 Zn if they are applied by spraying/dipping operations or by a dipping operation. The process serves particularly for the pretreatment of metal surfaces for a succeeding painting, particularly by electro-dipcoating, and for the phosphating of steel, galvanized steel, zinc alloy-plated steel, aluminum and its alloys.

摘要翻译： 在磷化金属表面的过程中，使用基本上不含镍的磷酸盐溶液，并且含有-0.3至1.7g / l的Zn-0.2至4.0g / l的Mn-0.001至0.030（优选0.003至-0.20）g / l的Cu -5至30g / l磷酸盐（计算为P 2​​ O 5） - 其中通过氧气和/或其它等效氧化剂将Fe（II）的浓度保持在0.1g / l以下，并将其调节至pH值为3.0至 3.8。 优选将Cu与P 2 O 5的重量比调整为I：（170〜30,000），优选以1：（5〜2000）的重量比补充Cu和P2O5。 如果通过喷涂施用，磷酸盐溶液应含有0.3至1.0 g / l的Zn，如果通过喷涂/浸渍操作或浸渍操作施加，则应含有0.9至1.7 g / l的Zn。 该方法特别用于后续涂漆的金属表面的预处理，特别是通过电沉积，以及用于钢，镀锌钢，镀锌钢，铝及其合金的磷化。

公开(公告)号：US4867853A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-19

申请号：US106165

申请日：1987-10-07

申请人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Rainer Kuhna ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Helmut Schumichen

发明人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Rainer Kuhna ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Helmut Schumichen

IPC分类号： C23C22/07 ,  C23C22/78 ,  C23G1/14

CPC分类号： C23G1/14 ,  C23C22/78

摘要： Disclosed is a process of producing a phosphate coating on a composite part consisting of steel and galvanized steel, which comprises alkaline cleaning, rinsing with an aqueous rinsing bath, and phosphatizing with an aqueous zinc phosphate solution. The formation of a non-uniform coating and of spots is avoided in the process of the invention by the use of a rinsing bath which contains at least 0.2 g/l alkali borate, at least 0.1 g/l alkali silicate and at least 0.05 g/l alkali nitrite, and which preferably contains said components in a total up to 5 g/l.If the composite part is to be activated with an activating bath which contains titanium phosphate before being contacted with the zinc phosphate solution, the activating bath must contain at least 1 g/l and preferably up to 4 g/l of tetraalkalipyrophosphate.The process of the invention can be used to prepare composite parts of steel and galvanized steel for subsequent painting, particularly by electrophoretic dip painting.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在由钢和镀锌钢构成的复合部件上生产磷酸盐涂层的方法，其包括碱性清洁，用水性漂洗浴漂洗，并用磷酸锌水溶液磷酸化。 在本发明的方法中，通过使用含有至少0.2g / l碱金属硼酸盐，至少0.1g / l碱性硅酸盐和至少0.05g / l碱式亚硝酸盐，并且其优选地含有总计高达5g / l的所述组分。 如果复合部件在与磷酸锌溶液接触之前用含有磷酸钛的活化浴活化，则活化浴必须含有至少1g / l，优选至多4g / l的四烷基磷酸盐。 本发明的方法可用于制备钢和镀锌钢复合材料，用于随后的涂漆，特别是通过电泳浸涂法。

公开(公告)号：US4419199A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-06

申请号：US373475

申请日：1982-04-30

申请人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Gudrun Volling

发明人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Gudrun Volling

IPC分类号： C23C22/12 ,  C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/36 ,  C23C22/77 ,  C23F7/10 ,  C23F7/12 ,  C25D13/06 ,  C25D13/20

CPC分类号： C23C22/362 ,  C23C22/12

摘要： A process for the phosphatizing of metals, particularly iron, steel and zinc, in which the metal is contacted with acidic aqueous zinc phosphate solutions, containing an oxidizing agent, which containfrom 0.4 to 1.5 g/liter of Zn,from 0 to 1.3 g/liter of Ni andfrom 10 to 26 g/liter of P.sub.2 O.sub.5,and in which the weight ratio of Zn to P.sub.2 O.sub.5 is adjusted to a value of (from 0.012 to 0.12):1 and of Ni to Zn to a value of (from 0 to 1.5):1, and the bath is supplemented with a concentrate, in which Zn, Ni and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 are present in a weight ratio of (from 0.18 to 0.33:(from 0 to 0.06):1, so as to obtain satisfactory phosphatizing results over a long period.Preferably, the zinc phosphatizing solutions, which, in addition, may also contain simple or complex fluorides and compounds that reduce the weight of the coat, are applied at a temperature within the range of from 30.degree. to 65.degree. C.

摘要翻译： 一种金属，特别是铁，钢和锌的磷酸化方法，其中金属与酸性磷酸锌水溶液接触，含有氧化剂，其含有0.4-1.5g /升Zn，0-3.3g /升的Ni和10〜26g /升的P 2 O 5，并且其中将Zn与P 2 O 5的重量比调节至（0.012至0.12）：1，Ni至Zn的值（从 0至1.5）：1，浴中补充有以重量比（0.18-0.33：（0-0.06）：1）存在的Zn，Ni和P 2 O 5的浓缩物，以获得令人满意的 优选地，磷酸锌溶液还可以含有简单或复合的氟化物和降低涂层重量的化合物，其温度范围为30°至65° DEG C.

公开(公告)号：US4389260A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-21

申请号：US337916

申请日：1982-01-08

申请人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Josef Rothkegel ,  Gudrun Volling

发明人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Josef Rothkegel ,  Gudrun Volling

IPC分类号： C23C22/14 ,  C23C22/18 ,  C23C22/36 ,  C23F7/08

CPC分类号： C23C22/184 ,  C23C22/14 ,  C23C22/362

摘要： A composition for the phosphatizing of metals, particularly iron and steel, which comprises an aqueous acidic, chlorate-containing zinc phosphate solution which containsfrom 0.5 to 1.5 g/liter Znfrom 0.4 to 1.3 g/liter Nifrom 10 to 26 g/liter P.sub.2 O.sub.5from 0.8 to 5 g/liter Cl0.sub.3and in which no nitrite is added, and in which the weight ratio ofZn to Ni shall be adjusted to a value of 1: (from 0.5 to 1.5), that of Zn to P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to a value of 1: (from 8 to 85) and that of free P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to a value of from (0.005 (at about 30 degrees C.) to 0.06 (at about 60 degrees C.)): 1.The composition is particularly useful in processes for the preparation of metal surfaces for electrophoretic coating, particularly for cathodic immersion coating.

摘要翻译： 一种用于金属，特别是铁和钢的磷酸化的组合物，其包含酸性含氯酸盐的磷酸锌水溶液，其含有0.5至1.5g /升Zn，为0.4至1.3g /升Ni，为10至26g /升 P2O5为0.8〜5g / L的ClO 3，其中不添加亚硝酸盐，其中Zn与Ni的重量比应调整为1：（0.5〜1.5），Zn至P2O5的重量比为 值为1：（8至85），游离P2O5的值为（0.005（约30摄氏度）至0.06（约60摄氏度））：1.该组合物特别适用于 用于制备用于电泳涂覆的金属表面的方法，特别是用于阴极浸涂。

公开(公告)号：US4950339A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-21

申请号：US305214

申请日：1989-02-01

申请人： Horst Gehmecker ,  Werner Rausch ,  Peter Jorns

发明人： Horst Gehmecker ,  Werner Rausch ,  Peter Jorns

IPC分类号： C23C22/36 ,  C23C22/78

CPC分类号： C23C22/362 ,  C23C22/78

摘要： A process to form phosphate coatings on individual parts of metal which at least on part of their surface consists of iron or steel. The individual parts are contacted at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 100 degrees centigrade for 3 to 30 seconds with an aqueous phosphating solution which contains 10 to 80 g/l zinc, 12 to 80 g/l phosphate (calculated as P.sub.2 O.sub.5), 40 to 150 g/l nitrate and, in addition 0.1 to 10 g/l fluoride, 0.01 to 10 g/l nickel, 0.0001 to 0.1 g/l copper, and may also contain tartaric acid, citric acid and/or manganese and in which the ratio of free acid to total acid has been adjusted to (0.1 to 0.3):1 and which contains at least 80 points of total acid and is virtually free of iron(II) ions. Prior to phosphating treatment, the individual parts may be cleaned and may optionally be treated to remove rust, scale and phosphate layers and/or be activated. After the phosphating treatment they may be passivated with an after-rinse solution. Each of said process steps is carried out for 3 to 30 seconds.

摘要翻译： 在金属的单个部分上形成磷酸盐涂层的方法，其至少部分表面由铁或钢组成。 使用含有10至80g / l锌，12至80g / l磷酸盐（以P2O5计算）的磷酸盐水溶液将各个部件在60至100摄氏度的温度范围内接触3至30秒， ，40〜150g / l的硝酸盐，以及0.1〜10g / l的氟化物，0.01〜10g / l的镍，0.0001〜0.1g / l的铜，也可以含有酒石酸，柠檬酸和/或锰， 其中游离酸与总酸的比例已经被调节到（0.1〜0.3）：1，并且其含有至少80个总酸，实际上没有铁（II）离子。 在磷化处理之前，可以清洁各个部件，并且可以任选地处理以除去锈，鳞屑和磷酸盐层和/或被活化。 在磷化处理后，可以用冲洗液进行钝化。 每个所述处理步骤进行3至30秒。

公开(公告)号：US4849031A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-18

申请号：US92951

申请日：1987-09-04

申请人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Gisela Beege ,  Peter Mischke ,  Werner Rausch

发明人： Dieter Hauffe ,  Gisela Beege ,  Peter Mischke ,  Werner Rausch

IPC分类号： C23C22/36 ,  C23C22/77 ,  C23C22/12

CPC分类号： C23C22/362 ,  C23C22/77

摘要： Disclosed is a process of producing phosphate coatings on surfaces which consist of aluminum or its alloys and of at least one of the materials steel and galcanized steel by spraying or by spraying and dipping. Uniform phosphate layers having a high cover factor are obtained by the use of a phosphating solution which contains about 0.4 to about 0.8 g/l Zn, about 10 to about 20 g/l P.sub.2 O.sub.5, at least one accelerator and about 80 to about 220 mg/l fluoride ("F(el)"), as determined by a fluoride-sensitive electrode immersed into the bath solution and in which the content of free acid (FA) (in points) has been adjusted to and is maintained at a value corresponding to FA=(0.5 to 1.0)+K wherein K is calculated as K=(0.002 to 0.012).times.F(el). The free acid (FA) content is preferably adjusted to and maintained at FA=(0.04 to 0.06).times.C.sub.P.sbsb.2.sub.O.sbsb.5 +K and the content of free acid (FA) is determined using K=(0.003 to 0.009).times.F(el). The process is particularly suitable for preparing the surfaces for being painted, preferably by electrophoretic dip painting.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过喷涂或喷涂和浸渍在由铝或其合金和至少一种材料钢和镓化钢组成的表面上生产磷酸盐涂层的方法。 通过使用含有约0.4至约0.8g / l的Zn，约10至约20g / l的P 2 O 5，至少一种促进剂和约80至约220mg的磷酸盐溶液获得具有高覆盖系数的均匀磷酸盐层 /氟化物（“F（el）”），其通过浸入浴溶液中的氟化物敏感电极测定，其中游离酸（FA）的含量（以点计）已被调节并保持在值 对应于FA =（0.5〜1.0）+ K，其中K被计算为K =（0.002至0.012）×F（el）。 优选将游离酸（FA）含量调节至FA =（0.04〜0.06）×CP2O5 + K，并且使用K =（0.003〜0.009）×F（el）求出游离酸（FA）的含量。 该方法特别适于制备用于涂漆的表面，优选通过电泳浸涂。

公开(公告)号：US5152849A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-06

申请号：US683106

申请日：1991-04-10

申请人： Klaus Bittner ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Klaus Wittel

发明人： Klaus Bittner ,  Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch ,  Klaus Wittel

IPC分类号： C23C22/12 ,  C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/22 ,  C23C22/34 ,  C23C22/36

CPC分类号： C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/12 ,  C23C22/368

摘要： Disclosed is a process for phosphating a galvanized surface, particularly of galvanized steel wherein the surface is contacted for up to 10 seconds with a phosphating solution which contains accelerator, particularly nitrate,0.5 to 5.0 g/l zinc,3 to 20 g/l phosphate (calculated as P.sub.2 O.sub.5),0.3 to 3 g/l magnesiumat a weight ratio of magnesium: zinc=(0.5 to 10):1 and has an S value in the range from 0.2 to 0.4 preferably in the range from 0.2 to 0.3, and is replenished with a concentrate in which the weight ratio of zinc to phosphate (calculated as P.sub.2 O.sub.5) is in the range from (0 to 1):8.It is particularly desirable to use a phosphating solution which contains up to 1.5 g/l zinc, preferably 0.5 to 1 g/l zinc, at a weight ratio of magnesium: zinc of (0.5 to 3:1, nickel ions in an amount of up to 1.5 g/l, preferably in an amount of up to 0.5 g/l and simple or complex fluoride in an amount of up to 3 g/l, preferable 0.1 to 1.5 g/l (calculated as F in each case).A special advantage is afforded by the use of the process to treat galvanized steel strip which is subsequently painted or coated with a preformed organic film.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种使镀锌表面，特别是镀锌钢板磷化的方法，其中表面与含有促进剂，特别是硝酸盐的磷酸盐溶液接触达10秒钟，0.5-5.0g / l锌，3-20g / l磷酸盐 （以P 2 O 5计），0.3〜3g / l镁，镁：锌=（0.5〜10）：1的重量比，S值在0.2〜0.4的范围内，优选为0.2〜0.3， 补充浓缩物，其中锌与磷酸盐的重量比（以P2O5计算）在（0至1）：8的范围内。 特别希望使用含有1.5g / l以下锌，优选为0.5〜1g / l的锌，磷酸盐溶液，其重量比为：镁（0.5〜3:1），镍离子 最多为1.5g / l，优选为至多0.5g / l的量，并且最多为3g / l的简单或复合氟化物，优选为0.1至1.5g / l（以每种情况计算为F）。 通过使用该方法来处理随后涂覆或涂覆预成型有机膜的镀锌钢带提供了特别的优点。

公开(公告)号：US5236565A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-17

申请号：US629076

申请日：1990-12-17

申请人： Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch

发明人： Gerhard Muller ,  Werner Rausch

IPC分类号： C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/18 ,  C23C22/36

CPC分类号： C23C22/182 ,  C23C22/13 ,  C23C22/362

摘要： Disclosed is a composition and a process of using the composition for phosphating a workpiece made of steel or partly galvanized steel in preparation for electro-immersion painting. The cleaned and rinsed workpiece is first activated with a weakly alkaline aqueous solution which contains titanium phosphate and is subsequently dipped into an acid aqueous phosphating solution at a temperature of from 40.degree. to 60.degree. C. which contains1.8 to 5 g/l Zn,0.1 to 7 g/l Fe(II),8 to 25 g/l P.sub.2 O.sub.5,5 to 30 g/l NO.sub.3and in which the controlled ratio of free acid to total acid is between 0.04 and 0.07.The phosphating solution preferably contains 3 g/l zinc and 0.5 to 5 g/l iron(II) and additionally contains up to 3 g/l manganese.Other suitable components of the phosphating solution are Co, Ni, hydroxylamine, fluorides, tartaric acid, citric acid, and m-nitrobenzene sulfonate.

摘要翻译： 公开了使用该组合物的组合物和方法，该组合物用于磷化由钢或部分镀锌钢制成的工件用于电浸涂漆。 首先用清洁和漂洗的工件用含有磷酸钛的弱碱性水溶液活化，随后将其浸入酸性磷酸盐水溶液中，温度为40至60℃，其含有1.8至5g / l的Zn， 0.1〜7g / l Fe（II），8〜25g / l P 2 O 5，5〜30g / l NO 3，游离酸与总酸的控制比为0.04〜0.07。 磷酸盐溶液优选含有3g / l的锌和0.5-5g / l的铁（II），另外含有高达3g / l的锰。 磷酸盐溶液的其它合适组分是Co，Ni，羟胺，氟化物，酒石酸，柠檬酸和间硝基苯磺酸盐。