摘要:
A non-asbestos, electrolyte permeable diaphragm fabricated of thermoplastic organic polymer material containing ion exchange functional groups or precursor groups thereof is disclosed. The diaphragm can be prepared by providing a slurry of the organic polymer material, depositing the organic polymer material upon a cathode substrate and treating the organic polymer material to secure a stable diaphragm.
摘要:
A method for preparing asbestos-free diaphragms for chlor-alkali electrolytic cells is described. The comprises establishing a liquid permeable diaphragm base mat of fibrous synthetic polymeric material and ion-exchange material on the cathode structure, treating the base mat with strongly alkaline aqueous alkali metal hydroxide having a concentration of from about 15 to about 40 weight percent, and providing a coating of inorganic particulate material on the base mat before the base mat has dried. Preferably, the base mat is coated with the inorganic particulate material using a slurry of the inorganic particulate material suspended in the strongly alkaline aqueous alkali metal hydroxide.
摘要:
A liquid permeable diaphragm for use in an electrolytic chlor-alkali cell, the diaphragm being made of fibrous material and having particulate zirconia deposited in the interstices of the fibrous matrix, prior to installing the diaphragm in the cell. Also described is a zirconia impregnated fibrous diaphragm having a zirconia topcoating applied to the anode face thereof.
摘要:
A method of forming a liquid-permeable asbestos-free diaphragm on a cathode structure is described. The method comprises forming a liquid-permeable diaphragm base mat comprising fibrous synthetic polymeric material, e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene, on a cathode structure, e.g., a foraminous cathode; drawing a liquid slurry comprising an aqueous medium containing a wetting amount of surfactant and water-insoluble inorganic particulate material through the base mat, thereby to deposit said inorganic particulate material on and within the pre-formed base mat; and drying the resultant diaphragm at temperatures less than the temperature at which decomposition by-products of the surfactant are formed. The liquid slurry is substantially free of alkali metal halide and alkali metal hydroxide; and the inorganic particulate material comprises at least one oxide or silicate of a valve metal, e.g., zirconium oxide, having a median diameter of 0.1 to 5 micrometers, and optionally clay mineral and/or hydrous oxide of zirconium and/or magnesium. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the base mat is dried prior to deposition of the inorganic particulate material.
摘要:
Disclosed is a solid polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell, e.g., for chlorine production, where the electrodes are in compressive contact with and removable from the permionic membrane. For a preferred exemplification the anode is in compressive contact with and removable from the permionic membrane, and the cathode is bonded to the permionic membrane.
摘要:
Calcium hypochlorite compositions that are classified as a Packing Group III Division 5.1 oxidizer material or as a non-Division 5.1 oxidizer material are described. In one embodiment, the compositions comprise an admixture of particulate calcium hypochlorite and particulate metaboric acid. The calcium hypochlorite is present in the composition in an amount and is of a concentration such that the composition would be classified as a Packing Group II Division 5.1 oxidizer in the absence of said particulate metaboric acid. Other embodiments described are solid shaped articles, e.g., tablets, comprising the described calcium hypochlorite-metaboric acid composition.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine where the cathode is an intercalation compound of graphite and a transition metal. Also disclosed is a solid polymer electrolyte having as its cathode an intercalation compound of graphite and a transition metal, and an electrolytic cell having as its cathode an intercalation compound of graphite and a transition metal.
摘要:
A method of operating a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell comprising a catholyte compartment containing a cathode, an anolyte compartment containing an anode, and a liquid-permeable diaphragm partitioning the catholyte and anolyte compartments, is described. The method comprises adding water-insoluble inorganic particulate material, e.g., clay mineral, and alkali metal polyphosphate, e.g., tetrasodium pyrophosphate, to the anolyte compartment of the electrolytic cell while the cell is operating. The water-insoluble inorganic particulate material and alkali metal polyphosphate may be added to the anolyte compartment in the form of an aqueous slurry.
摘要:
This invention relates to a method of making thermoplastic polymeric fibrils by passing an aqueous suspension of powdered thermoplastic polymeric material at high pressure through a two-stage valve assembly of the type conventionally used in liquid homogenization.
摘要:
A polymeric metal oxide such as polytitanic acid, polyzirconic acid or polysilicic acid is incorporated into a liquid permeable diaphragm formed of, e.g., asbestos, asbestos and a polymer resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, or a major amount polyfluorocarbon fibrils and a minor amount perfluorinated ion exchange material. Optionally, the diaphragm may also include inorganic materials such as zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, talc, barium sulfate or potassium titanate, and hydrous inorganic gels such as magnesium oxide gel, zirconium oxide gel, titanium oxide gel or zirconyl phosphate gel.