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公开(公告)号：US11891717B2
公开(公告)日：2024-02-06
申请号：US17266604
申请日：2019-08-05
申请人： NITTY-GRITTY SRL
发明人： Marco Lapelosa
摘要： An electrode for an electrolytically acting doctor blade (1) for pickling and cleaning both planar and curved metal surfaces, comprising a linear metal element supported on the structure of the doctor blade and electrically connected to the electric circuit for initiating the pickling electrolytic action; a pad made of a felt-like absorbent plastic material, resistant to high temperatures and to the chemicals contained in the electrolytic solution used; characterised in that a the linear metal element consists in a metal wire (8, 38), and a pad (7, 34, 41) having a constant thickness (S), made of a felt-like absorbent plastic material, resistant to high temperatures and to the chemicals contained in the electrolytic solution used, is wrapped therearound; the metal wire being connected to the structure of the doctor blade only at the ends of the doctor blade (25) in the active face of the deformable electrode (2, 20, 33, 35).
Different constructive forms of the electrode for doctor blade are described, wherein the metal wire is associated with carbon elements of various shapes to facilitate electrical contact with the pad.-
公开(公告)号：US09598743B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-21
申请号：US13821637
申请日：2011-09-22
IPC分类号： C21D8/02 , C22C38/16 , C22C38/14 , C22C38/02 , C22C38/08 , C22C38/06 , C22C38/04 , C22C38/12 , C22C38/38 , C21D1/72 , C21D1/74 , C21D6/00 , C25D5/36 , C25F1/04
CPC分类号： C21D8/0247 , C21D1/72 , C21D1/74 , C21D6/008 , C21D8/0278 , C22C38/02 , C22C38/04 , C22C38/06 , C22C38/08 , C22C38/12 , C22C38/14 , C22C38/16 , C22C38/38 , C25D5/36 , C25F1/04
摘要： A method for manufacturing such steel sheet includes continuous annealing of a steel sheet which includes, in terms of mass %, C at 0.01 to 0.18%, Si at 0.4 to 2.0%, Mn at 1.0 to 3.0%, Al at 0.001 to 1.0%, P at 0.005 to 0.060% and S at ≦0.01%, the balance being represented by Fe and inevitable impurities, in such a manner that the dew point of the atmosphere is controlled to become not more than −45° C. during the course of soaking when the annealing furnace inside temperature is in the range of not less than 820° C. and not more than 1000° C. as well as that the dew point of the atmosphere is controlled to become not more than −45° C. during the course of cooling when the annealing furnace inside temperature is in the range of not less than 750° C.
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3.发明申请TARGETED HEAT EXCHANGER DEPOSIT REMOVAL BY COMBINED DISSOLUTION AND MECHANICAL REMOVAL 有权通过组合解散和机械拆卸去除热定向换热器公开(公告)号：US20150114845A1
公开(公告)日：2015-04-30
申请号：US14065728
申请日：2013-10-29
IPC分类号： C25F1/04
CPC分类号： C25F1/04 , B24C1/086 , C23F14/02 , C25F1/06 , F22B37/10 , F28G9/00 , F28G13/00 , G21F9/004 , G21F9/30 , G21F9/34
摘要： This invention relates to compositions and methods for the at least partial dissolution, disruption and/or removal of deposit, such as scale and other deposit, from heat exchanger components. The heat exchanger components can include pressurized water reactor steam generators. In accordance with the invention, elemental metal is added locally to the surface of the deposit and/or anodic or cathodic current is applied locally to the deposit surface to destabilize or weaken the deposit. Subsequently, mechanical stress is applied to the weakened deposit to disrupt and remove the deposit from the surface of the heat exchanger component.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于从热交换器组分至少部分溶解，破坏和/或去除沉积物如垢和其它沉积物的组合物和方法。 热交换器部件可以包括压水反应堆蒸汽发生器。 根据本发明，将元素金属局部添加到沉积物的表面，并且/或阳极或阴极电流局部施加到沉积物表面以破坏沉积物的稳定性或弱化。 随后，对减弱的沉积物施加机械应力以破坏并从热交换器部件的表面去除沉积物。
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公开(公告)号：US6045686A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US991029
申请日：1997-12-15
申请人： James M. Fenton , John E. Dresty, Jr. , Richard Bodensteiner , Chunzhi He , Ramakrishnan Venkataraman , Jung-Chou Lin , Antonio J. Aldykiewicz, Jr.
发明人： James M. Fenton , John E. Dresty, Jr. , Richard Bodensteiner , Chunzhi He , Ramakrishnan Venkataraman , Jung-Chou Lin , Antonio J. Aldykiewicz, Jr.
CPC分类号： C25F5/00
摘要： A process for the delacquering and detinning of a metal substrate is presented comprising the fully electrochemical removal of both an outer polymeric coating and an inner tin coating from a metal substrate. The disclosed method provides a clean metal substrate, and results in wastes which are easily disposed of with minimal cost and minimal environmental impact. In one embodiment, the present invention comprises a one-stage process for removing an outer polymeric coating and an inner tin coating from a metal substrate in a single electrolyte bath through electrolytic removal of both the polymeric and tin layers from the metal substrate. An electrically conductive container having the electrolyte bath therein acts as an anode in the process, and the removed tin is plated out on the cathode. In another embodiment, the present invention comprises a two-stage process for removing an outer polymeric coating and an inner tin coating from a metal substrate. The first stage comprises removal of the polymeric coating in a first electrolyte bath through application of a cathodic current to a first electrically conductive container, e.g. tank, drum, or the like. The polymeric and tin coated metal substrate that is immersed in the first electrolyte bath is cathodically protected provided the coated metal substrate is in contact with the first electrically conductive container. The second stage comprises removal of the tin coating via application of moderate anodic currents to a second electrically conductive container, e.g. tank, drum, or the like. Such current results in the selective removal of tin from the substrate metal. The second electrically conductive container and the tin cans act as an anode in the process, and the removed tin is plated out on the cathode.
摘要翻译： 提出了用于金属基材的脱胶和鉴定的方法，其包括从金属基材完全电化学去除外聚合物涂层和内锡涂层。 所公开的方法提供清洁的金属基底，并且导致易于处理的废物，其成本最低并且对环境的影响最小。 在一个实施方案中，本发明包括通过从金属基底电解去除聚合物层和锡层从单一电解质浴中从金属基底去除外部聚合物涂层和内部锡涂层的一步法。 其中具有电解质浴的导电容器在该过程中用作阳极，并且将去除的锡电镀在阴极上。 在另一个实施方案中，本发明包括用于从金属基底去除外聚合物涂层和内锡涂层的两阶段方法。 第一阶段包括通过将阴极电流施加到第一导电容器，例如在第一电解液槽中去除聚合物涂层。 罐，鼓等。 浸渍在第一电解液槽中的聚合物和锡涂覆的金属基底是阴极保护的，只要涂覆的金属基底与第一导电容器接触即可。 第二阶段包括通过将适度的阳极电流施加到第二导电容器上，例如去除锡涂层。 罐，鼓等。 这种电流导致锡从衬底金属中的选择性去除。 第二导电容器和锡罐在该过程中用作阳极，并且将去除的锡电镀在阴极上。
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公开(公告)号：US5683521A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-04
申请号：US612175
申请日：1996-03-07
申请人： Sadamu Matsumoto , Teruyuki Murai
发明人： Sadamu Matsumoto , Teruyuki Murai
CPC分类号： C23C8/26 , C21D9/02 , C23C8/02 , Y10S148/908
摘要： A method for forming a spring which can reduce variations in the surface hardness and the thickness of the hardened layer when the spring is nitrided. Before nitriding the spring, the thickness of an oxide film formed on the surface of the spring is reduced to 1.5 .mu.m or less by electropolishing or any other suitable means so that the residual stress of the spring will be -5 kgf/mm.sup.2 to 5 kgf/mm.sup.2 near its surface. With this arrangement, it is possible to increase the surface hardness and the thickness of the nitrided layer of the spring obtained by nitriding.
摘要翻译： 一种用于形成弹簧的方法，其可以减少当弹簧被氮化时的硬化层的表面硬度和厚度的变化。 在对弹簧进行氮化之前，通过电抛光或任何其他合适的方式将形成在弹簧表面上的氧化膜的厚度减小到1.5μm或更小，使得弹簧的残余应力将为-5kgf / mm2至5 kgf / mm2。 通过这种布置，可以增加通过氮化获得的弹簧的表面硬度和氮化层的厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US5409594A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US157386
申请日：1993-11-23
摘要： An ultrasonic agitator (10) for generating turbulence in the vicinity of elongated metal workpieces (12) such as newly formed strands of wire. The system includes a bath (14) that is filled with a cleaning solution (16). The workpiece is introduced into the bath so as to move along a predetermined path of travel. One or more transducers (20, 24) are disposed in the bath to produce ultrasonic waves in the cleaning solution. The transducers are further configured and spaced so that the focal points of the vibrations substantially coincide with the path of travel with the workpiece. The transducers are driven by a signal generator (28) that causes the transducers to vibrate at a frequency between 0.5 and 3.0 MHz. The vibrations of the transducers produce ultrasonic waves that can be used to scrub off contaminants from the surface of the workpiece.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在细长的金属工件（12）附近产生湍流的超声波搅拌器（10），例如新形成的线股。 该系统包括填充有清洁溶液（16）的浴（14）。 将工件引入浴中以沿着预定的行进路径移动。 一个或多个换能器（20,24）设置在浴中以在清洁溶液中产生超声波。 换能器被进一步配置和间隔开，使得振动的焦点基本上与工件的行进路线重合。 传感器由信号发生器（28）驱动，信号发生器（28）使换能器以0.5和3.0MHz之间的频率振动。 换能器的振动产生超声波，可用于从工件表面清除污染物。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5306402A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-26
申请号：US100053
申请日：1993-07-30
CPC分类号： B23H9/02 , B23H3/02 , Y10S204/09
摘要： In electrochemical machining of workpieces a predetermined product of current quantity and machining time (amp. seconds) is necessary to remove a given quantity of material from a workpiece edge. In order to minimize machining time it is proposed to divide the machining process into at least two machining periods, a first short one during which a relatively small working current is applied and a longer second one during which a much higher working current is set. Between both periods a discontinuous momentary steep current rise in the region of 100 percent to 1000 percent is effected. Due to this new method not only the total machining time is reduced but the current feed control becomes easier and test runs in many cases are unnecessary.
摘要翻译： 在工件的电化学加工中，为了从工件边缘去除给定量的材料，需要电流量和加工时间（安培秒）的预定乘积。 为了最小化加工时间，提出将加工过程划分为至少两个加工周期，即施加相对小的工作电流的第一短加工周期，以及设置高得多的工作电流的较长的第二加工周期。 在两个时期之间，100％至1000％的区域内的不连续瞬间急剧上升得以实现。 由于这种新方法，不仅总加工时间减少，而且当前进料控制变得容易，并且在许多情况下测试运行是不必要的。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4859298A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US280987
申请日：1988-12-07
CPC分类号： H05K3/0085 , C25F1/00 , C25F7/00
摘要： A process and apparatus is provided to remove protective layers, such as various chromate coatings from metal sheets such as printed circuit boards, copper foils and the like, in a continuous manner while the articles are being conveyed along a predetermined path, by subjecting the same to an electric current, to electrolytically remove the layers.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和装置，用于在物品沿着预定路径传送的同时以连续的方式从诸如印刷电路板，铜箔等金属片等各种铬酸盐涂层中除去保护层， 到电流，以电解去除层。
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公开(公告)号：US4566939A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-28
申请号：US694863
申请日：1985-01-25
申请人： Jule A. Miller , Jack W. Lee , Jeffrey Thyssen
发明人： Jule A. Miller , Jack W. Lee , Jeffrey Thyssen
IPC分类号： B23K1/19 , B23K1/20 , B23K35/00 , C23C8/12 , C23G1/19 , C23G1/32 , C25F1/04 , C25F1/12 , B44C1/22 , C03C15/00 , C03C25/06 , C23F1/00
摘要： A method is disclosed for the removal of undesirable oxides from the surface of nickel-base or nickel-iron base alloys containing oxidizable aluminum and/or titanium prior to brazing. The alloy is heated in air at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to form on the alloy surface a bilayered film comprised of a first oxide top layer containing at least titanium or aluminum and a second layer beneath the first comprised of the alloy composition substantially depleted of aluminum and/or titanium. The surface of the alloy is cleaned to remove the first oxide layer whereupon the remaining surface is in condition for brazing.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在钎焊之前从含有可氧化铝和/或钛的镍基或镍 - 铁基合金的表面去除不需要的氧化物的方法。 该合金在空气中在升高的温度下加热一段足以在合金表面上形成的双层膜，该双层膜包含至少含有钛或铝的第一氧化物顶层和在第一层下面的第二层，该第二层由合金组合物基本上不含 的铝和/或钛。 清洁合金的表面以除去第一氧化物层，然后剩余表面处于钎焊状态。
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公开(公告)号：US4525250A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-25
申请号：US329115
申请日：1981-12-09
摘要： A method for the chemical removal of oxide layers from the surface of objects made of metals, in particular those made of titanium, titanium alloys, nickel, nickel alloys and chrome-nickel steels, so that these objects can subsequently be effectively coated with metals. The removal of the oxide layers is effected in a nonaqueous organic medium containing a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and one or more alkali fluorides and/or ammonium fluoride. By practice of this method, interfering oxide films can be removed from the surfaces of workpieces made of the above-named metals or metal alloys, while maintaining stable dimensional accuracy, prior to a subsequent coating of the workpiece with other metals, in particular metal coating compositions such as aluminum, zinc or silver.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从金属，特别是由钛，钛合金，镍，镍合金和铬镍钢制成的物体表面化学去除氧化物层的方法，使得这些物体随后可以有效地涂覆金属。 氧化物层的去除在含有氟化氢和一种或多种碱性氟化物和/或氟化铵的混合物的非水有机介质中进行。 通过该方法的实践，在随后用其它金属涂覆工件，特别是金属涂层之前，可以从保持稳定的尺寸精度的同时，从上述金属或金属合金制成的工件的表面去除干扰氧化膜 组合物如铝，锌或银。
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