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公开(公告)号：US20130176704A1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-11
申请号：US13689631
申请日：2012-11-29
CPC分类号： G02B27/22 , F21V9/14 , G02B27/225 , G09G3/003 , G09G2300/023 , G09G2300/0447 , G09G2310/0235 , H04N13/32 , H04N13/324
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, a flat screen device displays a 3D scene. The 3D display may be viewed by a person who is not wearing any special glasses. The flat screen device displays dynamically changing 3D imagery, with a refresh rate so fast that the device may be used for 3D movies or for interactive, 3D display. The flat screen device comprises a stack of LCD layers with two crossed polarization filters, one filter at each end of the stack. One or more processors control the voltage at each pixel of each LCD layer, in order to control the polarization state rotation induced in light at that pixel. The processor employs an algorithm that models each LCD layer as a spatially-controllable polarization rotator, rather than a conventional spatial light modulator that directly attenuates light. Color display is achieved using field sequential color illumination with monochromatic LCDs.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实现中，平面屏幕设备显示3D场景。 3D显示器可以由没有佩戴任何特殊眼镜的人员来观看。 平面屏幕设备显示动态变化的3D图像，刷新速度非常快，以至于该设备可用于3D电影或交互式3D显示。 平面屏幕装置包括具有两个交叉偏振滤光器的LCD层的堆叠，在堆叠的每个端部具有一个滤光器。 一个或多个处理器控制每个LCD层的每个像素处的电压，以便控制在该像素处的光中引起的偏振状态旋转。 处理器采用将每个LCD层建模为空间可控的偏振旋转器的算法，而不是直接衰减光的常规空间光调制器。 使用具有单色LCD的场顺序彩色照明来实现彩色显示。
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公开(公告)号：US08651678B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-18
申请号：US13689631
申请日：2012-11-29
IPC分类号： F21V9/14
CPC分类号： G02B27/22 , F21V9/14 , G02B27/225 , G09G3/003 , G09G2300/023 , G09G2300/0447 , G09G2310/0235 , H04N13/32 , H04N13/324
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, a flat screen device displays a 3D scene. The 3D display may be viewed by a person who is not wearing any special glasses. The flat screen device displays dynamically changing 3D imagery, with a refresh rate so fast that the device may be used for 3D movies or for interactive, 3D display. The flat screen device comprises a stack of LCD layers with two crossed polarization filters, one filter at each end of the stack. One or more processors control the voltage at each pixel of each LCD layer, in order to control the polarization state rotation induced in light at that pixel. The processor employs an algorithm that models each LCD layer as a spatially-controllable polarization rotator, rather than a conventional spatial light modulator that directly attenuates light. Color display is achieved using field sequential color illumination with monochromatic LCDs.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实现中，平面屏幕设备显示3D场景。 3D显示器可以由没有佩戴任何特殊眼镜的人员来观看。 平面屏幕设备显示动态变化的3D图像，刷新速度非常快，以至于该设备可用于3D电影或交互式3D显示。 平面屏幕装置包括具有两个交叉偏振滤光器的LCD层的堆叠，在堆叠的每个端部具有一个滤光器。 一个或多个处理器控制每个LCD层的每个像素处的电压，以便控制在该像素处的光中引起的偏振状态旋转。 处理器采用将每个LCD层建模为空间可控的偏振旋转器的算法，而不是直接衰减光的常规空间光调制器。 使用具有单色LCD的场顺序彩色照明来实现彩色显示。
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公开(公告)号：US08848006B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-30
申请号：US13736769
申请日：2013-01-08
CPC分类号： G09G3/3406 , G09G3/003 , G09G3/36 , G09G2300/023 , G09G2310/0235 , G09G2340/00 , H04N13/305 , H04N13/307 , H04N13/31 , H04N13/351 , H04N13/354 , H04N13/366
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, an automultiscopic display device includes (1) one or more spatially addressable, light attenuating layers, and (2) a controller which is configured to perform calculations to control the device. In these calculations, tensors provide sparse, memory-efficient representations of a light field. The calculations include using weighted nonnegative tensor factorization (NTF) to solve an optimization problem. The NTF calculations can be sufficiently efficient to achieve interactive refresh rates. Either a directional backlight or a uniform backlight may be used. For example, the device may have (1) a high resolution LCD in front, and (2) a low resolution directional backlight. Or, for example, the device may have a uniform backlight and three or more LCD panels. In these examples, all of the LCDs and the directional backlight (if applicable) may be time-multiplexed.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，自动不透明显示装置包括（1）一个或多个空间可寻址的光衰减层，以及（2）被配置为执行计算以控制该装置的控制器。 在这些计算中，张量提供光场的稀疏，记忆效能表示。 计算包括使用加权非负张力因子分解（NTF）来解决优化问题。 NTF计算可以有效地实现交互式刷新率。 可以使用定向背光或均匀背光。 例如，该装置可以具有（1）前面的高分辨率LCD，以及（2）低分辨率定向背光。 或者，例如，该设备可以具有均匀的背光和三个或更多个LCD面板。 在这些示例中，所有LCD和定向背光（如果适用）可以被时分复用。
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公开(公告)号：US20140063077A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-06
申请号：US13736769
申请日：2013-01-08
IPC分类号： G09G3/34
CPC分类号： G09G3/3406 , G09G3/003 , G09G3/36 , G09G2300/023 , G09G2310/0235 , G09G2340/00 , H04N13/305 , H04N13/307 , H04N13/31 , H04N13/351 , H04N13/354 , H04N13/366
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, an automultiscopic display device includes (1) one or more spatially addressable, light attenuating layers, and (2) a controller which is configured to perform calculations to control the device. In these calculations, tensors provide sparse, memory-efficient representations of a light field. The calculations include using weighted nonnegative tensor factorization (NTF) to solve an optimization problem. The NTF calculations can be sufficiently efficient to achieve interactive refresh rates. Either a directional backlight or a uniform backlight may be used. For example, the device may have (1) a high resolution LCD in front, and (2) a low resolution directional backlight. Or, for example, the device may have a uniform backlight and three or more LCD panels. In these examples, all of the LCDs and the directional backlight (if applicable) may be time-multiplexed.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，自动不透明显示装置包括（1）一个或多个空间可寻址的光衰减层，以及（2）被配置为执行计算以控制该装置的控制器。 在这些计算中，张量提供光场的稀疏，记忆效能表示。 计算包括使用加权非负张力因子分解（NTF）来解决优化问题。 NTF计算可以有效地实现交互式刷新率。 可以使用定向背光或均匀背光。 例如，该装置可以具有（1）前面的高分辨率LCD，以及（2）低分辨率定向背光。 或者，例如，该设备可以具有均匀的背光和三个或更多个LCD面板。 在这些示例中，所有LCD和定向背光（如果适用）可以被时分复用。
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公开(公告)号：US20150035880A1
公开(公告)日：2015-02-05
申请号：US14451666
申请日：2014-08-05
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G09G3/36 , G09G2300/023 , G09G2340/0457
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, light from a backlight is transmitted through two stacked LCDs and then through a diffuser. The front side of the diffuser displays a time-varying sequence of 2D images. Processors execute an optimization algorithm to compute optimal pixel states in the first and second LCDs, respectively, such that for each respective image in the sequence, the optimal pixel states minimize, subject to one or more constraints, a difference between a target image and the respective image. The processors output signals to control actual pixel states in the LCDs, based on the computed optimal pixel states. The 2D images displayed by the diffuser have a higher spatial resolution than the native spatial resolution of the LCDs. Alternatively, the diffuser may be switched off, and the device may display either (a) 2D images with a higher dynamic range than the LCDs, or (b) an automultiscopic display.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，来自背光的光通过两个堆叠的LCD传输，然后通过扩散器传输。 漫射器的前侧显示2D图像的时变序列。 处理器执行优化算法以分别计算第一和第二LCD中的最佳像素状态，使得对于序列中的每个相应图像，最佳像素状态在受到一个或多个约束的情况下最小化目标图像与 各自的图像。 处理器基于所计算的最佳像素状态输出信号以控制LCD中的实际像素状态。 由漫射器显示的2D图像具有比LCD的原始空间分辨率更高的空间分辨率。 或者，可以关闭扩散器，并且该装置可以显示（a）具有比LCD更高的动态范围的2D图像，或（b）自动显微镜显示器。
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公开(公告)号：US09343020B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-17
申请号：US14451666
申请日：2014-08-05
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G09G3/36 , G09G2300/023 , G09G2340/0457
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, light from a backlight is transmitted through two stacked LCDs and then through a diffuser. The front side of the diffuser displays a time-varying sequence of 2D images. Processors execute an optimization algorithm to compute optimal pixel states in the first and second LCDs, respectively, such that for each respective image in the sequence, the optimal pixel states minimize, subject to one or more constraints, a difference between a target image and the respective image. The processors output signals to control actual pixel states in the LCDs, based on the computed optimal pixel states. The 2D images displayed by the diffuser have a higher spatial resolution than the native spatial resolution of the LCDs. Alternatively, the diffuser may be switched off, and the device may display either (a) 2D images with a higher dynamic range than the LCDs, or (b) an automultiscopic display.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，来自背光的光通过两个堆叠的LCD传输，然后通过扩散器传输。 漫射器的前侧显示2D图像的时变序列。 处理器执行优化算法以分别计算第一和第二LCD中的最佳像素状态，使得对于序列中的每个相应图像，最佳像素状态在受到一个或多个约束的情况下最小化目标图像与 各自的图像。 处理器基于所计算的最佳像素状态输出信号以控制LCD中的实际像素状态。 由漫射器显示的2D图像具有比LCD的原始空间分辨率更高的空间分辨率。 或者，可以关闭扩散器，并且该装置可以显示（a）具有比LCD更高的动态范围的2D图像，或（b）自动显微镜显示器。
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公开(公告)号：US20140300869A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-09
申请号：US14248539
申请日：2014-04-09
申请人： Matthew Hirsch , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar , Vincent Lee
发明人： Matthew Hirsch , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar , Vincent Lee
CPC分类号： G02B27/2214 , G02B3/0068 , G03B21/00 , H04N5/7416 , H04N13/305 , H04N13/307 , H04N13/363
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, light from a light field projector is transmitted through an angle-expanding screen to create a glasses-free, 3D display. The display can be horizontal-only parallax or full parallax. In the former case, a vertical diffuser may positioned in the optical stack. The angle-expanding screen may comprise two planar arrays of optical elements (e.g., lenslets or lenticules) separated from each other by the sum of their focal distances. Alternatively, a light field projector may project light rays through a focusing lens onto a diffuse, transmissive screen. In this alternative approach, the light field projector may comprise two spatial light modulators (SLMs). A focused image of the first SLM, and a slightly blurred image of the second SLM, are optically combined on the diffuser, creating a combined image that has a higher spatial resolution and a higher dynamic range than either of two SLMs.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，来自光场投影仪的光通过角度扩展屏幕传输，以产生无眼镜的3D显示器。 显示器可以是仅水平视差或全视差。 在前一种情况下，垂直扩散器可以位于光学堆叠中。 角度扩展屏幕可以包括通过其焦距的总和彼此分离的两个光学元件（例如，小透镜或微透镜）的平面阵列。 或者，光场投影仪可将通过聚焦透镜的光线投射到漫射透射屏幕上。 在这种替代方法中，光场投影仪可以包括两个空间光调制器（SLM）。 第一SLM的聚焦图像和第二SLM的稍微模糊的图像被光学地组合在漫射器上，产生具有比两个SLM中的任一个更高的空间分辨率和更高的动态范围的组合图像。
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公开(公告)号：US09405124B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-02
申请号：US14248539
申请日：2014-04-09
申请人： Matthew Hirsch , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar , Vincent Lee
发明人： Matthew Hirsch , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar , Vincent Lee
CPC分类号： G02B27/2214 , G02B3/0068 , G03B21/00 , H04N5/7416 , H04N13/305 , H04N13/307 , H04N13/363
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, light from a light field projector is transmitted through an angle-expanding screen to create a glasses-free, 3D display. The display can be horizontal-only parallax or full parallax. In the former case, a vertical diffuser may positioned in the optical stack. The angle-expanding screen may comprise two planar arrays of optical elements (e.g., lenslets or lenticules) separated from each other by the sum of their focal distances. Alternatively, a light field projector may project light rays through a focusing lens onto a diffuse, transmissive screen. In this alternative approach, the light field projector may comprise two spatial light modulators (SLMs). A focused image of the first SLM, and a slightly blurred image of the second SLM, are optically combined on the diffuser, creating a combined image that has a higher spatial resolution and a higher dynamic range than either of two SLMs.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，来自光场投影仪的光通过角度扩展屏幕传输，以产生无眼镜的3D显示器。 显示器可以是仅水平视差或全视差。 在前一种情况下，垂直扩散器可以位于光学堆叠中。 角度扩展屏幕可以包括通过其焦距的总和彼此分离的两个光学元件（例如，小透镜或微透镜）的平面阵列。 或者，光场投影仪可将通过聚焦透镜的光线投射到漫射透射屏幕上。 在这种替代方法中，光场投影仪可以包括两个空间光调制器（SLM）。 第一SLM的聚焦图像和第二SLM的稍微模糊的图像被光学地组合在漫射器上，产生具有比两个SLM中的任一个更高的空间分辨率和更高的动态范围的组合图像。
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公开(公告)号：US09380221B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-28
申请号：US14192800
申请日：2014-02-27
申请人： Kshitij Marwah , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar
发明人： Kshitij Marwah , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar
CPC分类号： H04N5/2621 , H04N5/2254
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, a light field camera uses a light field dictionary to reconstruct a 4D light field from a single photograph. The light field includes both angular and spatial information and has a spatial resolution equal to the spatial resolution of the imaging sensor. Light from a scene passes through a coded spatial light modulator (SLM) before reaching an imaging sensor. Computer processors reconstruct a light field. This reconstruction includes computing a sparse or compressible coefficient vector using a light field dictionary matrix. Each column vector of the dictionary matrix is a light field atom. These light field atoms each, respectively, comprise information about a small 4D region of a light field. Reconstruction quality may be improved by using an SLM that is as orthogonal as possible to the dictionary.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，光场照相机使用光场辞典从单张照片重建4D光场。 光场包括角度和空间信息，并且具有等于成像传感器的空间分辨率的空间分辨率。 来自场景的光在到达成像传感器之前通过编码的空间光调制器（SLM）。 计算机处理器重建光场。 该重建包括使用光场字典矩阵来计算稀疏或可压缩的系数向量。 字典矩阵的每个列向量都是一个光场原子。 这些光场原子各自分别包括关于光场的小4D区域的信息。 可以通过使用与字典尽可能正交的SLM来改善重建质量。
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公开(公告)号：US20140240532A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-28
申请号：US14192800
申请日：2014-02-27
申请人： Kshitij Marwah , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar
发明人： Kshitij Marwah , Gordon Wetzstein , Ramesh Raskar
IPC分类号： H04N5/262
CPC分类号： H04N5/2621 , H04N5/2254
摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, a light field camera uses a light field dictionary to reconstruct a 4D light field from a single photograph. The light field includes both angular and spatial information and has a spatial resolution equal to the spatial resolution of the imaging sensor. Light from a scene passes through a coded spatial light modulator (SLM) before reaching an imaging sensor. Computer processors reconstruct a light field. This reconstruction includes computing a sparse or compressible coefficient vector using a light field dictionary matrix. Each column vector of the dictionary matrix is a light field atom. These light field atoms each, respectively, comprise information about a small 4D region of a light field. Reconstruction quality may be improved by using an SLM that is as orthogonal as possible to the dictionary.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，光场照相机使用光场辞典从单张照片重建4D光场。 光场包括角度和空间信息，并且具有等于成像传感器的空间分辨率的空间分辨率。 来自场景的光在到达成像传感器之前通过编码的空间光调制器（SLM）。 计算机处理器重建光场。 该重建包括使用光场字典矩阵来计算稀疏或可压缩的系数向量。 字典矩阵的每个列向量都是一个光场原子。 这些光场原子各自分别包括关于光场的小4D区域的信息。 可以通过使用与字典尽可能正交的SLM来改善重建质量。
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