公开(公告)号：US06226193B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09625901

申请日：2000-07-26

申请人： Erich Bayer ,  Christian Meindl ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich Bayer ,  Christian Meindl ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： H02M307

CPC分类号： H02M3/07 ,  H02M2001/0022

摘要： The invention relates to a DC/DC converter operating on the charge pump principle, regulated to a fixed, predetermined output voltage and comprising two charge pump capacitors switched in a switch matrix consisting of nine switches. A control circuit is provided capable of controlling the switches so that the charge pump is changed over between a charging phase and a discharge phase and which is capable of operating the charge pump in two modes having different voltage gain factors (1.5; 2). The regulator comprises furthermore a regulator circuit capable of setting when the charge pump is active in the charging phase in the first mode the ON resistance of a switch present in the charge path of the charge pump capacitors or in the second mode the ON resistances of two switches present each in one of the charging paths of the first or second charge pump capacitor so that the charging voltage presented to the charge pump capacitors in the charging phase assumes the minimum value possible for a specific input voltage of the converter, a measuring circuit capable of defining the voltage occurring at one of the charge pump capacitors at a defined point in time of the charging phase; and a comparator capable of comparing the measured voltage to a predetermined voltage and then when the former attains the latter, changing over the charge pump into the corresponding other mode, wherein the predetermined voltage is selected so that the efficiency of the converter is optimized and the charging condition of the charge pump capacitors is not altered on changeover.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种工作在电荷泵原理上的DC / DC转换器，其被调节到固定的预定输出电压，并且包括两个电荷泵电容器，其中开关矩阵由九个开关组成。 提供了能够控制开关的控制电路，使得电荷泵在充电阶段和放电阶段之间转换，并且能够以具有不同电压增益因子（1.5; 2）的两种模式操作电荷泵。 调节器还包括调节器电路，其能够在第一模式中在充电阶段中设置电荷泵何时有效地存在于电荷泵电容器的充电路径中的开关的导通电阻或者在第二模式中的导通电阻为2 开关呈现在第一或第二电荷泵电容器的充电路径中的一个中，使得在充电阶段中呈现给电荷泵电容器的充电电压取决于转换器的特定输入电压可能的最小值，测量电路能够 在充电阶段的限定时间点定义在一个电荷泵电容器处发生的电压; 以及比较器，其能够将测量的电压与预定电压进行比较，然后当前者达到预定电压时，将电荷泵切换到相应的其他模式，其中选择预定电压使得转换器的效率被优化， 电荷泵电容器的充电条件在切换时不会改变。

公开(公告)号：US06392904B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-21

申请号：US09741951

申请日：2000-12-20

申请人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： H02M318

CPC分类号： H02M3/073 ,  H02M1/146 ,  H02M2001/0025 ,  H02M2001/0032 ,  Y02B70/16

摘要： The invention relates to a DC/DC converter including a charge pump circuit comprising one or more capacitors and a plurality of controllable switches connected thereto, the controllable switches being controllable by a control circuit so that the capacitors is/are alternatingly switched in a charging and discharge phase; a first current source set to a predetermined base current located either in the discharge or charging path of the charge pump circuit and a second current source connected in parallel thereto; and a regulator circuit for generating a first control signal representing the difference between a voltage characterizing the output voltage and a first reference voltage and controlling the second current source when the charge pump circuit is active so that the controllable current is reduced or increased with an increase and reduction respectively in the difference to track the voltage characterizing the output voltage in accordance with the first reference voltage; and for generating a second control signal guided to the control circuit, this signal assuming a first status when the voltage characterizing the output voltage exceeds a second reference voltage at a predetermined level above the first reference voltage, upon which the control circuit deactivates the charge pump circuit, and assumes a second status when the voltage characterizing the output voltage drops below the second reference voltage, upon which the control circuit activates the charge pump circuit. The invention relates further to a method of operating a DC/DC converter.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包括电荷泵电路的DC / DC转换器，该电荷泵电路包括一个或多个电容器和与其连接的多个可控开关，该可控开关由控制电路控制，使得电容器在充电和/ 放电阶段 设置在位于所述电荷泵电路的放电或充电路径中的预定基极电流的第一电流源和与其并联连接的第二电流源; 以及调节器电路，用于产生代表表征输出电压的电压与第一参考电压之间的差异的第一控制信号，并且当电荷泵电路处于活动状态时控制第二电流源，使得可控电流随着增加而减小或增加 并分别减小差异以跟踪表征根据第一参考电压的输出电压的电压; 并且用于产生被引导到控制电路的第二控制信号，当表征输出电压的电压超过高于第一参考电压的预定电平的第二参考电压时，该信号呈现第一状态，控制电路使电荷泵 并且当表征输出电压的电压下降到低于第二参考电压时，该控制电路启动电荷泵电路，并假定第二状态。 本发明还涉及一种操作DC / DC转换器的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07061217B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-13

申请号：US11042296

申请日：2005-01-24

申请人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： G05F1/40

CPC分类号： H03K17/08122

摘要： A power switching circuit includes a power MOS transistor that has a maximum source-drain voltage substantially higher than a permissible gate-source voltage, and that has a current path connected in series with a load between first and second supply terminals, and comprising a gate driver circuit that drives the gate of the power MOS transistor directly from the supply voltage. A gate driver circuit has a pair of series-connected switching transistors connected between the first and second supply terminals. An interconnection node between the switching transistors is connected to the gate of the power MOS transistor. The gate driver circuit further includes a reference voltage source and a voltage comparator comparing the gate voltage of the power MOS transistor with the reference voltage to provide a disabling output that disables one of the switching transistors when the gate voltage of the power MOS transistor reaches the reference voltage. By selecting a reference voltage level not higher than the maximum permissible gate-to-source voltage of the power MOS transistor, its gate is effectively protected from excessive gate-to-source voltage. Yet, the switching transistor in the gate driver circuit other than that connected to the ground supply terminal (usually referred to as Vcc terminal), may have its current path connected directly, or through just a feedback resistor, to the high supply terminal (usually referred to as Vcc terminal).

摘要翻译： 功率开关电路包括功率MOS晶体管，其具有基本上高于允许的栅极 - 源极电压的最大源极 - 漏极电压，并且具有与第一和第二电源端子之间的负载串联连接的电流路径，并且包括栅极 驱动电路，直接从电源电压驱动功率MOS晶体管的栅极。 栅极驱动器电路具有连接在第一和第二电源端子之间的一对串联连接的开关晶体管。 开关晶体管之间的互连节点连接到功率MOS晶体管的栅极。 栅极驱动器电路还包括参考电压源和将功率MOS晶体管的栅极电压与参考电压进行比较的电压比较器，以提供当功率MOS晶体管的栅极电压达到阈值时禁用开关晶体管中的一个的禁用输出 参考电压。 通过选择不高于功率MOS晶体管的最大允许栅极 - 源极电压的参考电压电平，其栅极被有效地保护免受过大的栅极到源极电压的影响。 然而，除了连接到接地电源端子（通常称为Vcc端子）之外的栅极驱动电路中的开关晶体管可以将其电流路径直接连接或仅通过反馈电阻器连接到高电源端子（通常 简称Vcc终端）。

公开(公告)号：US20050161700A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-28

申请号：US11042296

申请日：2005-01-24

申请人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： H01L29/43 ,  H01L29/74 ,  H01L31/111 ,  H03K17/0812

CPC分类号： H03K17/08122

摘要： An improved power switching circuit is disclosed. The circuit comprises a power MOS transistor that has a maximum source-drain voltage substantially higher than a permissible gate-source voltage, and that has a current path connected in series with a load between first and second supply terminals, and comprising a gate driver circuit that drives the gate of the power MOS transistor directly from the supply voltage. A gate driver circuit has a pair of series-connected switching transistors connected between the first and second supply terminals. An interconnection node between the switching transistors is connected to the gate of the power MOS transistor. The gate driver circuit further comprises a reference voltage source and a voltage comparator comparing the gate voltage of the power MOS transistor with the reference voltage to provide a disabling output that disables one of the switching transistors when the gate voltage of the power MOS transistor reaches the reference voltage. By selecting a reference voltage level not higher than the maximum permissible gate-to-source voltage of the power MOS transistor, its gate is effectively protected from excessive gate-to-source voltage. Yet, the switching transistor in the gate driver circuit other than that connected to the ground supply terminal (usually referred to as Vcc terminal), may have its current path connected directly, or through just a feedback resistor, to the high supply terminal (usually referred to as Vcc terminal).

摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的功率开关电路。 该电路包括功率MOS晶体管，其具有基本上高于允许的栅极 - 源极电压的最大源极 - 漏极电压，并且具有与第一和第二电源端子之间的负载串联连接的电流路径，并且包括栅极驱动器电路 其直接从电源电压驱动功率MOS晶体管的栅极。 栅极驱动器电路具有连接在第一和第二电源端子之间的一对串联连接的开关晶体管。 开关晶体管之间的互连节点连接到功率MOS晶体管的栅极。 栅极驱动器电路还包括参考电压源和电压比较器，将功率MOS晶体管的栅极电压与参考电压进行比较，以提供禁用输出，当功率MOS晶体管的栅极电压达到 参考电压。 通过选择不高于功率MOS晶体管的最大允许栅极 - 源极电压的参考电压电平，其栅极被有效地保护免受过大的栅极到源极电压的影响。 然而，除了连接到接地电源端子（通常称为Vcc端子）之外的栅极驱动电路中的开关晶体管可以将其电流路径直接连接或仅通过反馈电阻器连接到高电源端子（通常 简称Vcc终端）。

公开(公告)号：US06359797B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-19

申请号：US09610276

申请日：2000-07-06

申请人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： H02M318

CPC分类号： H02M3/07 ,  H02M1/146

摘要： The invention relates to a DC/DC converter operating on the principle of a charge pump, comprising at least one charge pump capacitor and several controllable switches connected thereto. The switches are actuated by a control circuit with an oscillator. A skip mode comparator signals the charge pump alternatingly ON and OFF depending on the condition of the output voltage of the converter. Prior art converters featured high output current spikes and a heavy output voltage ripple. The converter in accordance with the invention reduces these problems by a regulator circuit which receives the control signal of the comparator and converts it into a signal characterizing the momentary ON/OFF duration ratio of the charge pump with which it controls the ON resistance of at least one of the switches so that the ON/OFF duration ratio of the charge pump can be set to a predetermined design value, at which the output current spikes of the charge pump are reduced. Provided parallel to this switch is a further small switch whose ON resistance is not controlled to thus ensure a small idle current of the charge pump at a low load.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种基于电荷泵原理工作的DC / DC转换器，其包括至少一个电荷泵电容器和连接到其上的多个可控开关。 开关由具有振荡器的控制电路驱动。 跳闸模式比较器根据转换器的输出电压的条件，交替地将电荷泵通电和断开。 现有技术的转换器具有高输出电流尖峰和大的输出电压纹波。 根据本发明的转换器通过调节器电路来减少这些问题，调节器电路接收比较器的控制信号并将其转换成表征电荷泵的瞬时ON / OFF持续时间比的信号，其至少控制电阻的ON电阻 其中一个开关使得电荷泵的ON / OFF持续时间比可以被设置为预定的设计值，在该设定值下，电荷泵的输出电流尖峰减小。 与该开关并联设置的是另一个小开关，其导通电阻不被控制，从而确保电荷泵在低负载下的小的空闲电流。

公开(公告)号：US06226194B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09595302

申请日：2000-06-15

申请人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： H02M318

CPC分类号： H02M3/07 ,  H02M1/32 ,  H02M1/36

摘要： The invention relates to a DC/DC converter operating on the principle of a charge pump and comprising a first capacitor C1 alternatingly charged via four MOSFETs M1-M4 to the input voltage and then discharged in series with the input voltage via a second capacitor C2 connected to the output of the circuit. To set the starting current for charging the as yet empty capacitors to a precisely defined small value a switchable current mirror M3, M5 is used comprising one of the four MOSFETs (M3) and a further small MOSFET (M5) which is connected to a current source 4. A comparator 5 handles selection between the starting phase and the normal charge pump mode by comparing the output voltage Vout of the converter to a reference voltage Vref, it switching the current mirror and—via two small switches S2 and S3 connected to the gates of two of the four MOSFETs—also two of the four MOSFETs so that the capacitors may be charged in an energy-saving way. As compared to existing more complicated achievements this novel DC/DC converter is producable integrated on a smaller circuit area, it in addition to this taking into account the short-circuit case of the converter. In one special embodiment a foldback effect is achievable via a further MOSFET connected in parallel to the current source, the gate of this MOSFET being connected to the output of the converter.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种以电荷泵原理工作的DC / DC转换器，它包括经由四个MOSFET M1-M4交替充电至输入电压的第一电容器C1，然后通过连接的第二电容器C2与输入电压串联放电 到电路的输出。 为了将用于将空的电容器充电至精确定义的小值的启动电流，使用可切换电流镜M3，M5，其包括四个MOSFET（M3）中的一个以及连接到电流的另一小型MOSFET（M5） 比较器5通过将转换器的输出电压Vout与参考电压Vref进行比较来处理起始相位和正常电荷泵模式之间的选择，它切换电流镜和经由两个小型开关S2和S3连接到 四个MOSFET中的两个的栅极 - 也是四个MOSFET中的两个，使得电容器可以以节能的方式被充电。 与现有更复杂的成果相比，这款新颖的DC / DC转换器可以集成在更小的电路面积上，除了考虑到转换器的短路情况外。 在一个特殊实施例中，通过与电流源并联连接的另一个MOSFET可实现折返效应，该MOSFET的栅极连接到转换器的输出端。

公开(公告)号：US08044610B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-25

申请号：US12260156

申请日：2008-10-29

申请人： Harald Sandner ,  Christophe Vaucourt ,  Hans Schmeller ,  Martin Rommel ,  Helmut Kiml

发明人： Harald Sandner ,  Christophe Vaucourt ,  Hans Schmeller ,  Martin Rommel ,  Helmut Kiml

IPC分类号： H05B37/02 ,  H05B39/04 ,  H05B41/36

CPC分类号： H05B33/0827 ,  H05B33/0815

摘要： A method is provided for driving a plurality of light emitters in a plurality of output paths with each output path including at least one light emitter. The method includes the steps of applying a supply voltage level to a plurality of output paths; generating a current for each path during a period of a predetermined length for the output path; sensing a current level for each output path during the period; comparing each sensed current level with a reference level; increasing the supply voltage level if the sensed current level is lower than the reference level; determining a lowest supply voltage level for the worst case output path; and using the lower supply voltage level as a common supply voltage level for all output paths.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于驱动多个输出路径中的多个发光体的方法，每个输出路径包括至少一个光发射器。 该方法包括以下步骤：向多个输出路径施加电源电压电平; 在输出路径的预定长度的周期期间为每个路径生成电流; 在此期间感测每个输出路径的当前电平; 将每个感测到的电流电平与参考电平进行比较; 如果检测到的电流电平低于参考电平，则增加电源电压电平; 确定最差情况输出路径的最低电源电压电平; 并且使用较低的电源电压作为所有输出路径的公共电源电压电平。

公开(公告)号：US07990074B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-02

申请号：US12260497

申请日：2008-10-29

申请人： Harald Sandner ,  Christophe Vaucourt ,  Hans Schmeller ,  Martin Rommel ,  Helmut Kiml

发明人： Harald Sandner ,  Christophe Vaucourt ,  Hans Schmeller ,  Martin Rommel ,  Helmut Kiml

IPC分类号： H05B37/00 ,  H05B39/00 ,  H05B41/14

CPC分类号： H05B33/0842 ,  H05B33/0812 ,  H05B33/0827 ,  Y02B20/343

摘要： A method for driving a light-emitting semiconductor is provided. A supply voltage is converted into a secondary output voltage for supplying the light-emitting semiconductor with an output voltage. A level for the supply voltage at the beginning of a high current phase of the light-emitting semiconductor is sensed. A threshold voltage level for the supply voltage level is determined based on the sensed level. The high current phase with the light-emitting semiconductor is stated. The sensed level is continuously compared with the threshold voltage level, and an output current through the light-emitting semiconductor is controlled such that the sensed level does not drop below the threshold voltage level.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于驱动发光半导体的方法。 电源电压被转换成用于向发光半导体提供输出电压的次级输出电压。 感测在发光半导体的高电流相位开始时的电源电压的电平。 基于所感测的电平来确定电源电压电平的阈值电压电平。 说明了与发光半导体的高电流相位。 感测电平与阈值电压电平连续比较，并且控制通过发光半导体的输出电流，使得感测电平不降至阈值电压电平以下。

公开(公告)号：US06414863B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-02

申请号：US09943482

申请日：2001-08-30

申请人： Erich-Johann Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

发明人： Erich-Johann Bayer ,  Hans Schmeller

IPC分类号： H02M318

CPC分类号： H02M3/07

摘要： An unregulated inductorless direct current to direct current converter comprising a first voltage-to-current converter configured to convert a first voltage to a first current and a second voltage-to-current converter configured to convert a second voltage to a second current. A regulation circuit is coupled to the first and second voltage-to-current converters and configured to generate an output current proportional to the difference between the first and second currents. Also a variable frequency oscillator is coupled to the regulation circuit, the oscillator receiving as a control current the output current therefrom and outputting a clock signal having a frequency proportionate to the control current. The converter further comprises an output stage coupled to receive the clock signal and receiving an input voltage and outputting an output voltage, the output voltage and the input voltage having a ratio that is determined by the clock signal.

摘要翻译： 一种未调节的无电弧直流电流转换器，包括被配置为将第一电压转换为第一电流的第一电压 - 电流转换器和被配置为将第二电压转换为第二电流的第二电压 - 电流转换器。 调节电路耦合到第一和第二电压 - 电流转换器并且被配置为产生与第一和第二电流之间的差成比例的输出电流。 此外，可变频率振荡器耦合到调节电路，振荡器作为控制电流接收来自其的输出电流，并输出具有与控制电流成比例的频率的时钟信号。 该转换器还包括一个输出级，其耦合以接收时钟信号并接收输入电压并输出输出电压，输出电压和输入电压具有由该时钟信号确定的比率。

公开(公告)号：US20090121644A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-14

申请号：US12260497

申请日：2008-10-29

申请人： Harald Sandner ,  Christophe Vaucourt ,  Hans Schmeller ,  Martin Rommel ,  Helmut Kiml

发明人： Harald Sandner ,  Christophe Vaucourt ,  Hans Schmeller ,  Martin Rommel ,  Helmut Kiml

IPC分类号： H05B41/32

CPC分类号： H05B33/0842 ,  H05B33/0812 ,  H05B33/0827 ,  Y02B20/343

摘要： A method for driving a light-emitting semiconductor is provided. A supply voltage is converted into a secondary output voltage for supplying the light-emitting semiconductor with an output voltage. A level for the supply voltage at the beginning of a high current phase of the light-emitting semiconductor is sensed. A threshold voltage level for the supply voltage level is determined based on the sensed level. The high current phase with the light-emitting semiconductor is stated. The sensed level is continuously compared with the threshold voltage level, and an output current through the light-emitting semiconductor is controlled such that the sensed level does not drop below the threshold voltage level.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于驱动发光半导体的方法。 电源电压被转换成用于向发光半导体提供输出电压的次级输出电压。 感测在发光半导体的高电流相位开始时的电源电压的电平。 基于所感测的电平来确定电源电压电平的阈值电压电平。 说明了与发光半导体的高电流相位。 感测电平与阈值电压电平连续比较，并且控制通过发光半导体的输出电流，使得感测电平不降至阈值电压电平以下。