摘要:
A voltage regulation optimization (VRO) system receives inputs from a DCS or other distribution network control/monitoring system. The VRO then calculates optimized control commands for various network devices including the controllable taps of voltage regulating transformers.
摘要:
A voltage regulation optimization (VRO) system receives inputs from a DCS or other distribution network control/monitoring system. The VRO then calculates optimized control commands for various network devices including the controllable taps of voltage regulating transformers.
摘要:
A power distribution system has a plurality of reactive power resources including capacitor banks and distributed energy resources connected to branches of the power distribution system. Power loss is reduced in the distribution system by determining discrete switch states for the capacitor banks and continuous set points for the distributed energy resources, so that the reactive power provided by the reactive power resources reduces power loss while optionally correcting voltage violations in the power distribution system when the capacitor banks are set in accordance with the respective discrete switch states and the distributed energy resources are operated at the respective continuous set points. The range of values for the continuous set points is constrained based on maximum and minimum reactive power limits for each distributed energy resource under consideration.
摘要:
Outage scope for an electrical distribution system is estimated by generating downstream outage prediction information indicating whether any service area protected by one of the terminal protective devices of the electrical distribution system likely has a power outage based on reported outage information. Upstream outage prediction information is generated which indicates whether any service area protected by one of the non-terminal protective devices of the electrical distribution system likely has a power outage based on the downstream outage prediction information. Each protective device is predicted to be in an open or closed state based on the downstream and upstream outage prediction information so that more than one open protective device can be identified when more than one fault occurs in different parts of the electrical distribution system.
摘要:
A power distribution system has a plurality of reactive power resources including capacitor banks and distributed energy resources connected to branches of the power distribution system. Power loss is reduced in the distribution system by determining discrete switch states for the capacitor banks and continuous set points for the distributed energy resources, so that the reactive power provided by the reactive power resources reduces power loss while optionally correcting voltage violations in the power distribution system when the capacitor banks are set in accordance with the respective discrete switch states and the distributed energy resources are operated at the respective continuous set points. The range of values for the continuous set points is constrained based on maximum and minimum reactive power limits for each distributed energy resource under consideration.
摘要:
A top-emitting flexible organic light emission diode device and preparation method thereof are provided. The device involves overlapping a substrate, an anode layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode layer sequentially. The material of the cathode is scythe-silver alloy or ytterbium-silver alloy. The method for preparing the device comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the substrate; depositing the anode layer on the surface of the substrate; overlapped depositing the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the emission layer, the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer sequentially on the surface of the anode layer; depositing the cathode layer on the surface of the electron injection layer to obtain the device.
摘要:
A method is described for collecting inference execution events from forward-chaining business rule engines and constructing causality network graphs for visual presentation to an end user. Using the causality network graph, the user may navigate logic paths leading to particular conclusions or actions.
摘要:
An organic electroluminescence device comprises the following structure: a conductive base (110), a hole injection layer (120), a light emission layer (140), and a cathode layer (170) are laminated in sequence. The material of the hole injection layer (120) comprises a conductive polymer and an azo initiator. A nano-network structure is provided on the connecting surface of the hole injection layer (120) and the light emission layer (140). After being heated to a higher temperature, the azo initiator can be decompounded to release N2, thus the nano-network structure is formed on the surface of the hole injection layer (120). The nano-network structure can efficiently increase the contacting area of the hole injection layer (120) and the adjacent layer. The injection efficiency of the hole is improved. A manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescence device is also provided.
摘要:
A method and computer program product for optimization of large scale resource scheduling problems. Large scale resource scheduling problems are computationally very hard and extremely time consuming to solve. This invention provides a Lagrangian relaxation based solution method. The method has two distinct characteristics. First, the method is formal. It is completely structure-based and does not use any problem domain specific knowledge in the solution process, either in the dual optimization or the primal feasibility enforcement process. Second, updating the Lagrangian multipliers after solution of every sub-problem without using penalty factors results in fast and smooth convergence in the dual optimization. The combination of high quality dual solution and the structure-based primal feasibility enforcement produces a high quality primal solution with very small solution gap. An optimal solution is first found to the dual of the resource scheduling problem by sequentially finding a solution to a plurality of sub-problems and updating a set of values used in the dual problem formulation after each sub-problem solution is obtained. Coupling constraint violations are systematically reduced and the set of values are updated until a feasible solution to the primal resource scheduling problem is obtained. An initial set of multiplier values is further determined by solving a relaxed version of the primal problem where most of the local constraints except the variable bounds are relaxed.
摘要:
An organic electroluminescence device is provided. The device comprises an anode base layer (110), a hole injection layer (120) on the anode base layer (110), a light emitting layer (130) on the hole injection layer (120), and a cathode electrode layer (140) on the light emitting layer (130). The material of the hole injection layer (120) is metal oxide or thiophene type compound. The hole injection layer (120) has advantages of improving the recombination probability of electron-hole and not being easily oxidized, so that the efficiency of the organic electroluminescence device is increased and the service life is prolonged. A method for manufacturing the organic electroluminescence device is also provided.