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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08501999B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-06
申请号：US12939598
申请日：2010-11-04
摘要： The process provided herein is concerned with recovery of hydrocarbons from sulfones using an individual alkali and alkaline-earthy base and a mixture of thereof. As the starting materials are sulfones generated by ODS and commercially inexpensive alkali and alkaline-earth bases, the cost and ecological impact of solid waste disposal is minimized.
摘要翻译： 本文提供的方法涉及使用单独的碱和碱土碱和它们的混合物从砜中回收烃。 由于起始材料是由ODS和商业上廉价的碱土碱土生成的砜，固体废物处理的成本和生态影响最小化。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08663459B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-04
申请号：US12224821
申请日：2007-03-05
IPC分类号： C10G45/00
CPC分类号： C10G27/12 , C10G17/02 , C10G53/04 , C10G53/14 , C10G2400/04
摘要： Sulfur-containing compounds, including specifically thiophenic compounds, in a liquid hydrocarbon feedstream are catalytically oxidized by combining the hydrocarbon feedstream with a catalytic reaction mixture that includes a peroxide that is soluble in water or in a polar organic acid, at least one carboxylic acid, and a catalyst that is a transition metal salt selected from the group consisting of (NH4)2WO4, (NH4)6W12O40.H2O, Na2WO4, Li2WO4, K2WO4, MgWO4, (NH4)2MoO4, (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O, MnO0 and NaVO3; the mixture is vigorously agitated for a time that is sufficient to oxidize the sulfur-containing compounds to form sulfoxides and sulfones; the reaction mixture is allowed to stand and separate into a lower aqueous layer containing the catalyst and an upper hydrocarbon layer that is recovered and from which the oxidized sulfur compounds are removed, as by solvent extraction, distillation or selective adsorption. The process can be used to reduce the sulfur content of liquid transportation fuels to 10 ppm, or less.
摘要翻译： 通过将烃进料流与包含可溶于水或极性有机酸的过氧化物，至少一种羧酸的催化反应混合物组合来催化氧化液态烃进料流中的含硫化合物，特别是噻吩化合物， （NH4）2WO4，（NH4）6W12O40.H2O，Na2WO4，Li2WO4，K2WO4，MgWO4，（NH4）2MoO4，（NH4）6Mo7O24.4H2O，MnO0和NaVO3的过渡金属盐的催化剂 ; 将混合物剧烈搅拌足以氧化含硫化合物形成亚砜和砜的时间; 将反应混合物静置并分离成含有催化剂的下层和回收的上层烃层，通过溶剂萃取，蒸馏或选择性吸附除去氧化的硫化合物。 该方法可用于将液体运输燃料的硫含量降低至10ppm或更低。
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公开(公告)号：US4182742A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-08
申请号：US808085
申请日：1977-06-20
申请人： Malcolm L. H. Green , Peter Norgate
发明人： Malcolm L. H. Green , Peter Norgate
摘要： Chemical synthesis apparatus includes a differential pumping device mounted in an evacuable container between an evaporant source providing a first chemical constituent and the reaction region. The differential pumping can be provided by apertured diaphragms or hollow cones, which may be cooled, mounted directly above the source which is thereby maintained at a lower pressure than the reaction region. The source may be an electron beam source or a resistively heated source arranged to direct the evaporant upwards into the reaction region and a second chemical constituent may be introduced into the reaction region. The invention also provides a method of chemical synthesis in which differential pumping is carried out between the reaction region and the source of one of the constituents.
摘要翻译： 化学合成装置包括安装在可抽出的容器中的提供第一化学成分的蒸发源和反应区之间的差分泵送装置。 差动泵送可以由有孔隔膜或中空锥体提供，其可被冷却，直接安装在源的上方，从而保持在比反应区域更低的压力。 源可以是电子束源或被布置成将蒸发器向上引导到反应区域中的电阻加热源，并且可以将第二化学成分引入反应区域。 本发明还提供了一种化学合成方法，其中在反应区域和其中一种组分的来源之间进行差分泵送。
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公开(公告)号：US5346683A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US037573
申请日：1993-03-26
申请人： Malcolm L. H. Green , Shik C. Tsang
发明人： Malcolm L. H. Green , Shik C. Tsang
CPC分类号： C01B31/0226 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B31/0253 , D01F11/12 , D01F11/121 , D01F11/122 , D01F11/123 , D01F11/129 , D01F9/12 , C01B2202/36 , Y10S423/39 , Y10S423/40 , Y10S977/848
摘要： Uncapped and thinned carbon nanotubes are produced by reaction with a flowing reactant gas capable of reaction selectively with carbon atoms in the capped region of nanotubes. The uncapped and thinned nanotubes provide open compartments for insertion of chemicals and exhibit enhanced surface area with modified physical and chemical properties.
摘要翻译： 通过与能够与纳米管的封端区域中的碳原子选择性反应的流动反应物气体反应来生产未封端和变薄的碳纳米管。 未加盖和变薄的纳米管提供用于插入化学品的开放隔室，并且具有改进的物理和化学性质的增强的表面积。
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公开(公告)号：US5149464A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-22
申请号：US546291
申请日：1990-06-29
IPC分类号： B01J21/04 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/40 , B01J23/56 , B01J23/63 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/76 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/40
CPC分类号： C01B3/40 , B01J21/04 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/005 , B01J23/40 , B01J23/56 , B01J23/63 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/76 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1241 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A method for selectively oxygenating methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen by bringing the reactant gas mixture at a temperature of at least 600.degree. C. into contact with a sold catalyst which is either:a) a catalyst of the formula M.sub.x M'.sub.y O.sub.z where:M is at least one element selected from Mg, B, Al, Ln, Ga, Si, Ti, Zr and Hf,Ln is at least one member of lanthanum and the lanthanide series of elements,M'is a d-block transition metal,and each of the ratios x/z and y/z and (x+y)/z is independently from 0.1 to 8; orb) an oxide of a d-block transition metal; orc) a d-block transition metal on a refractory support; ord) a catalyst formed by heating a) or b) under the conditions of the reaction or under non-oxidizing conditions.
摘要翻译： 通过使反应气体混合物在至少600℃的温度下与销售的催化剂接触来选择性地将甲烷氧化成一氧化碳和氢气的方法，所述催化剂是：a）式MxM'yOz的催化剂，其中：M 是选自Mg，B，Al，Ln，Ga，Si，Ti，Zr和Hf中的至少一种元素，Ln是镧和镧系元素中的至少一种，M'是d-嵌段过渡金属， 并且x / z和y / z和（x + y）/ z中的每一个独立地为0.1至8; 或b）d-块过渡金属的氧化物; 或c）在耐火载体上的d-块过渡金属; 或d）通过在反应条件下或在非氧化条件下加热a）或b）形成的催化剂。
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公开(公告)号：US6090363A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US809323
申请日：1997-04-10
申请人： Malcolm L. H. Green , Shik C. Tsang
发明人： Malcolm L. H. Green , Shik C. Tsang
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B31/0286 , Y10S423/40 , Y10S977/848
摘要： Method of making carbon nanotubes open on at least one end wherein capped nanotubes are treated with an oxidizing acid such as nitric acid. The treatment is effective to open at least 50% of the nanotubes on at least one end.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB95 / 02235 Sec。 371日期1997年04月10日 102（e）日期1997年4月10日PCT提交1995年9月20日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 09246 日期：1996年3月28日在使用硝酸等氧化性酸处理封端的纳米管的至少一端制造碳纳米管的方法。 该处理在至少一端打开至少50％的纳米管是有效的。
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公开(公告)号：US4182749A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-08
申请号：US862514
申请日：1977-12-20
摘要： Apparatus for the chemical synthesis of an evaporant and a liquid has a cryogenic pumping device between the evaporant source and the reaction region and a pump causes the liquid to be continuously recirculated until the reaction is completed, the pressure in the evaporation region being maintained substantially lower than that in the reaction region by differential pumping.
摘要翻译： 用于化学合成蒸发器和液体的设备在蒸发源和反应区域之间具有低温泵送装置，并且泵使液体连续再循环直到反应完成，蒸发区域中的压力维持在较低水平 比在反应区域通过差示泵送。
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