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    ACTIVE OPTICAL ANTENNA
    1.
    发明申请
    ACTIVE OPTICAL ANTENNA 审中-公开
    主动光学天线

    公开(公告)号：US20070058686A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-03-15

    申请号：US11464758

    申请日：2006-08-15

    申请人： Federico Capasso ,  Ken Crozier ,  Ertugrul Cubukcu ,  Eric Kort ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Elizabeth Smythe

    发明人： Federico Capasso ,  Ken Crozier ,  Ertugrul Cubukcu ,  Eric Kort ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Elizabeth Smythe

    IPC分类号： H01S5/00 ,  H04B10/00

    CPC分类号： H01S3/06791 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N21/658 ,  G01N21/7703 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G02B6/262 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S5/028 ,  H01S5/0286 ,  H01S5/22 ,  H01S5/3401 ,  H01S2301/18

    摘要： A new class of photonic devices called active optical antennas, which consist of metallic structures directly integrated on to the facet of a semiconductor lasers, and of instruments based on such antennas are disclosed. The structures consist of metallic elements which function as antennas at optical wavelengths by spatially concentrating laser radiation of wavelength in the range from the UV to the mid-infrared into spots (with sizes in the range 10-100 nm) in the so called near field zone, that is at subwavelength distances from the facet. Various antenna designs are considered depending on the laser under consideration and applications. This invention has wide ranging applications such as new microscopes for high-resolution spatially resolved imaging and spectroscopy, new probes for biology, laser assisted processing and repair of devices, circuits and masks, as well new optical tweezers and phased array devices. Microscopes and other systems based on this invention are discussed. Further, a number of inventions relating to optical antennas and of instruments based on such antennas are disclosed. An important technology consisting of optical antennas fabricated at the ends of optical fibers is disclosed. A technique for imaging the field distributions on active optical antennas is disclosed. New designs of optical antennas are disclosed. Applications of optical antennas in microfluidic systems are disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一类称为有源光天线的新型光子器件，其由直接集成在半导体激光器的面上的金属结构和基于这种天线的仪器组成。 这些结构由金属元素组成，它们通过在所谓的近场中将从UV到中红外范围内的波长的激光辐射空间集中到点（尺寸在10-100nm）中，作为光波长的天线。 区域，即距离小面的亚波长距离。 根据所考虑的激光和应用，考虑各种天线设计。 本发明具有广泛的应用，例如用于高分辨率空间分辨成像和光谱的新显微镜，用于生物学的新探针，激光辅助处理和器件修复，电路和掩模，以及新的光学镊子和相控阵器件。 讨论了基于本发明的显微镜和其它系统。 此外，公开了与光天线和基于这样的天线的仪器有关的许多发明。 公开了一种由在光纤端部制造的光天线组成的重要技术。 公开了一种用于对有源光天线上的场分布进行成像的技术。 公开了新的光天线设计。 公开了光学天线在微流体系统中的应用。

    METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ENGINEERING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
    2.
    发明申请
    METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ENGINEERING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 审中-公开
    工程电磁辐射的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20130266034A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-10

    申请号：US13696734

    申请日：2011-05-06

    申请人： Nanfang Yu ,  Federico Capasso

    发明人： Nanfang Yu ,  Federico Capasso

    IPC分类号： H01S3/063

    CPC分类号： H01S3/063 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01S5/0014 ,  H01S5/0267 ,  H01S5/0287 ,  H01S5/1046 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/3402 ,  H01S2301/18 ,  H01S2302/02

    摘要： laser devices described may emit a beam of electromagnetic radiation having a large wavelength (e.g., mid-infrared, far-infrared) and exhibiting a low angle of divergence. In some embodiments, the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is between 3 microns and 500 microns and the divergence angel is less than 15 degrees. Electromagnetic waves may be produced from a single monolithic laser device which includes a laser waveguide (e.g., quantum cascade laser waveguide) and a collimating element having at least one indented region (e.g., a plurality of periodically disposed grooved structures). A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may propagate as surface waves (e.g., surface plasmons) along the surface of the collimating element where indented regions in the collimating element may decrease the propagation velocity of the surface waves. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may also be substantially convinced within a grooved structure of the collimating element (e.g., as channel polaritons).

    摘要翻译： 所描述的激光器件可以发射具有大波长（例如，中红外，远红外）并且呈现低发散角的电磁辐射束。 在一些实施例中，电磁辐射的波长在3微米至500微米之间，发散角小于15度。 电磁波可以由包括激光波导（例如，量子级联激光波导）和具有至少一个凹陷区域（例如，多个周期性设置的带槽结构）的准直元件的单个单片激光装置产生。 电磁辐射的一部分可以沿着准直元件的表面作为表面波（例如，表面等离子体激元）传播，其中准直元件中的凹陷区域可能降低表面波的传播速度。 电磁辐射的一部分也可以在准直元件的沟槽结构内（例如，作为通道极化子）基本相信。

    Methods and apparatus for improving collimation of radiation beams
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for improving collimation of radiation beams 有权
    用于改善辐射束准直的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08328396B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-12-11

    申请号：US12738180

    申请日：2008-11-19

    申请人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Jonathan Fan

    发明人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Jonathan Fan

    IPC分类号： F21V33/00

    CPC分类号： H01S5/1082 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B5/008 ,  H01S5/005 ,  H01S5/1046 ,  H01S2301/14 ,  H01S2301/18

    摘要： An apparatus for collimating radiation can include an aperture of subwavelength dimensions and a neighboring set of grooves defined on a metal film integrated with an active or passive device that emits radiation. Integration of the beam collimator onto the facet of a laser or other radiation-emitting device provides for beam collimation and polarization selection. Beam divergence can be reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared with the output of a conventional laser. An active beam collimator with an aperture-groove structure can be integrated with a wide range of optical devices, such as semiconductor lasers (e.g., quantum cascade lasers), light emitting diodes, optical fibers, and fiber lasers.

    摘要翻译： 用于准直辐射的装置可以包括亚波长尺寸的孔径和限定在与发射辐射的有源或无源器件集成的金属膜上的相邻的一组沟槽。 将光束准直仪集成到激光器或其他辐射发射器件的小面上提供光束准直和偏振选择。 与常规激光器的输出相比，光束发散度可以减少超过一个数量级。 具有孔径凹槽结构的有源光束准直器可以与诸如半导体激光器（例如，量子级联激光器），发光二极管，光纤和光纤激光器等宽范围的光学器件集成。

    Plasmonic polarizer
    5.
    发明授权
    Plasmonic polarizer 有权
    等离子体偏振器

    公开(公告)号：US08552410B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

    申请号：US13223409

    申请日：2011-09-01

    申请人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Romain Blanchard

    发明人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Romain Blanchard

    IPC分类号： G02B6/12

    CPC分类号： G02B6/2726 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/105 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/1226 ,  G02B6/276

    摘要： A radiation-emitting device (e.g., a laser) includes an active region configured to generate a radiation emission linearly polarized along a first polarization direction and a device facet covered by an insulating layer and a metal layer on the insulating layer. The metal layer defines an aperture through which the radiation emission from the active region can be transmitted and coupled into surface plasmons on the outer side of the metal layer. The long axis of the aperture is non-orthogonal to the first polarization direction, and a sequential series of features are defined in or on the device facet or in the metal layer and spaced apart from the aperture, wherein the series of features are configured to manipulate the surface plasmons and to scatter surface plasmons into the far field with a second polarization direction distinct from the first polarization direction.

    摘要翻译： 辐射发射装置（例如，激光器）包括被配置为产生沿着第一偏振方向线性偏振的辐射发射的有源区和由绝缘层和绝缘层上的金属层覆盖的器件面。 金属层限定了孔，通过该孔，来自有源区的辐射发射可通过该孔被传输并耦合到金属层的外侧上的表面等离子体。 孔的长轴与第一偏振方向不正交，并且顺序的特征部分被限定在器件面或金属层中或金属层中并与孔隔开，其中该系列特征被配置为 操纵表面等离子体激元并将表面等离子体激元以不同于第一偏振方向的第二偏振方向散射到远场中。

    Plasmonic Polarizer
    7.
    发明申请
    Plasmonic Polarizer 有权
    等离子体偏振器

    公开(公告)号：US20110315898A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-12-29

    申请号：US13223409

    申请日：2011-09-01

    申请人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Romain Blanchard

    发明人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Romain Blanchard

    IPC分类号： G21K1/10

    CPC分类号： G02B6/2726 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/105 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/1226 ,  G02B6/276

    摘要： A radiation-emitting device (e.g., a laser) includes an active region configured to generate a radiation emission linearly polarized along a first polarization direction and a device facet covered by an insulating layer and a metal layer on the insulating layer. The metal layer defines an aperture through which the radiation emission from the active region can be transmitted and coupled into surface plasmons on the outer side of the metal layer. The long axis of the aperture is non-orthogonal to the first polarization direction, and a sequential series of features are defined in or on the device facet or in the metal layer and spaced apart from the aperture, wherein the series of features are configured to manipulate the surface plasmons and to scatter surface plasmons into the far field with a second polarization direction distinct from the first polarization direction.

    摘要翻译： 辐射发射装置（例如，激光器）包括被配置为产生沿着第一偏振方向线性偏振的辐射发射的有源区和由绝缘层和绝缘层上的金属层覆盖的器件面。 金属层限定了孔，通过该孔，来自有源区的辐射发射可通过该孔被传输并耦合到金属层的外侧上的表面等离子体。 孔的长轴与第一偏振方向不正交，并且顺序的特征部分被限定在器件面或金属层中或金属层中并与孔隔开，其中该系列特征被配置为 操纵表面等离子体激元并将表面等离子体激元以不同于第一偏振方向的第二偏振方向散射到远场中。

    Methods and Apparatus for Improving Collimation of Radiation Beams
    8.
    发明申请
    Methods and Apparatus for Improving Collimation of Radiation Beams 有权
    改善辐射束准直的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20100226134A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-09

    申请号：US12738180

    申请日：2008-11-19

    申请人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Jonathan Fan

    发明人： Federico Capasso ,  Nanfang Yu ,  Jonathan Fan

    IPC分类号： F21V3/00 ,  F21S8/00 ,  H01L21/02

    CPC分类号： H01S5/1082 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B5/008 ,  H01S5/005 ,  H01S5/1046 ,  H01S2301/14 ,  H01S2301/18

    摘要： An apparatus for collimating radiation can include an aperture of subwavelength dimensions and a neighboring set of grooves defined on a metal film integrated with an active or passive device that emits radiation. Integration of the beam collimator onto the facet of a laser or other radiation-emitting device provides for beam collimation and polarization selection. Beam divergence can be reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared with the output of a conventional laser. An active beam collimator with an aperture-groove structure can be integrated with a wide range of optical devices, such as semiconductor lasers (e.g., quantum cascade lasers), light emitting diodes, optical fibers, and fiber lasers.

    摘要翻译： 用于准直辐射的装置可以包括亚波长尺寸的孔径和限定在与发射辐射的有源或无源器件集成的金属膜上的相邻的一组沟槽。 将光束准直仪集成到激光器或其他辐射发射器件的小面上提供光束准直和偏振选择。 与常规激光器的输出相比，光束发散度可以减少超过一个数量级。 具有孔径凹槽结构的有源光束准直器可以与诸如半导体激光器（例如，量子级联激光器），发光二极管，光纤和光纤激光器等宽范围的光学器件集成。