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公开(公告)号：US4615956A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-07
申请号：US804561
申请日：1985-12-04
申请人： Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
发明人： Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
CPC分类号： H01M6/50
摘要： An electrochemical cell of the type having a lithium anode and a cathode current collector wetted by an electrolyte solution of thionyl chloride and lithium tetrachloroaluminate is treated before storage by applying a reverse current sufficient to deposit lithium on the surface of the anode.
摘要翻译： 通过施加足以在阳极表面上沉积锂的反向电流，在储存之前处理具有由锂亚锡和四氯铝酸锂的电解液润湿的锂阳极和阴极集电器的电化学电池。
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公开(公告)号：US4668592A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US743182
申请日：1985-06-10
CPC分类号： H01M10/0413 , H01M2/266 , H01M6/14
摘要： An electrochemical cell has a generally cylindrical battery stack comprised of disc-shaped components including alternating first polarity electrodes and second polarity electrodes. Adjacent first polarity electrodes are coupled by ring-shaped coupling members. The coupling members are made of porous metal which allows the passage of a liquid cell component from a central well into the battery stack.
摘要翻译： 电化学电池具有由包括交替的第一极性电极和第二极性电极的盘形部件组成的大致圆柱形的电池堆叠。 相邻的第一极性电极通过环形耦合构件耦合。 联接构件由多孔金属制成，允许液体单元元件从中心孔通入电池组。
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公开(公告)号：US4284691A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-18
申请号：US159271
申请日：1980-06-13
申请人： Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
发明人： Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
摘要： A high-rate, low-temperature, primary electrochemical cell. The cell in accordance with the invention includes an elongated cylindrical metal housing within which a vertical array of battery stack components is disposed and exposed to a cathodelectrolyte solution. Each of the battery stack components has an opening therein through which an elongated metal rod located centrally within the housing passes and serves as an electrical terminal for the cell.The components of the battery stack include a plurality of thin, flat, circular, lithium anode discs secured to the metal rod, and a plurality of carbon current collector cathode/insulator structures arranged in the array in alternation with the lithium anode discs. Each of the carbon current collector cathode/insulator structures includes a generally circular, thin, metal current collector spaced from the metal rod by way of the opening therein and having a size and shape so as to generally conform to the interior configuration of the housing and make direct physical contact with an interior wall of the housing. First and second circular, flat, thin, porous carbon layers are disposed on opposite sides of the metal current collector and spaced from the metal rod by way of the openings therein. First and second circular, flat, porous fiberglass insulators integrated with the first and second porous carbon layers, respectively, are in direct physical contact with adjacent ones of the lithium anode discs and separate the porous carbon layers from the adjacent lithium anode discs.
摘要翻译： 高速率，低温，初级电化学电池。 根据本发明的电池包括细长的圆柱形金属外壳，其中电池堆组件的垂直阵列布置在其中并暴露于阴极电解液。 每个电池堆组件具有开口，通过该开口，位于壳体中心的细长金属杆通过该开口，并且用作电池的电端子。 电池堆的组件包括固定到金属棒的多个薄的平坦的圆形锂阳极盘，以及与锂阳极盘交替排列成阵列的多个碳集电极阴极/绝缘体结构。 每个碳电集流体阴极/绝缘体结构包括大致圆形，薄的金属集流体，其通过其中的开口与金属棒间隔开，并具有尺寸和形状，以便大致符合壳体的内部结构， 与外壳的内墙直接接触。 第一和第二圆形，扁平，薄的多孔碳层设置在金属集流体的相对侧上，并通过其中的开口与金属棒间隔开。 与第一和第二多孔碳层分别集成的第一和第二圆形，平坦，多孔的玻璃纤维绝缘体与相邻的锂阳极盘直接物理接触，并将多孔碳层与相邻的锂阳极盘分开。
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公开(公告)号：US4377033A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-22
申请号：US251622
申请日：1981-04-06
申请人： John E. Barnes , Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
发明人： John E. Barnes , Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
CPC分类号： H01M4/64 , H01M4/96 , H01M6/14 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A thin, integrated carbon/insulator structure, and a method for fabricating same, for use in a primary electrochemical cell. A quantity of a wet carbon slurry material including a mixture of carbon black, water and/or isopropyl alcohol, and a binder such as finely-divided "Teflon" in suspension, is deposited onto a porous fiberglass substrate and rolled to a prescribed thickness. The rolling operation causes a portion of the slurry material to diffuse into the surface of the porous fiberglass substrate and permanently adhere to and unite with a surface portion of the fiberglass substrate in an integrated, interlocking fashion. The fiberglass substrate having the layer of carbon slurry material integrated therewith is then dried to cause the layer of carbon slurry material to dry and shrink to the form of a layer of carbon plaque having a network of cracks produced therethrough in a random pattern as a result of the shrinkage during drying. The layer of carbon plaque at this stage represents an aggregation of porous carbon globules. The layer of carbon plaque is re-rolled to close cracks at the upper surface of the layer while simultaneously establishing a desired thickness for the layer. After curing the above arrangement to increase adherence of the carbon globules to each other and to the fiberglass substrate, an integrated carbon/insulator structure of a desired size and configuration for use in a primary electrochemical cell can be cut out from the abovedescribed arrangement.
摘要翻译： 薄的集成碳/绝缘体结构及其制造方法，用于初级电化学电池。 将一定数量的包含炭黑，水和/或异丙醇的混合物的湿碳浆料和悬浮液中细碎的“特氟纶”的粘合剂沉积在多孔玻璃纤维基材上并轧制至规定的厚度。 轧制操作导致一部分浆料材料扩散到多孔玻璃纤维基材的表面，并以一体化的互锁方式永久地粘合并与玻璃纤维基材的表面部分结合。 然后将具有与其一体化的碳浆料材料层的玻璃纤维基材干燥以使碳浆料材料层干燥并收缩成具有随机图案产生的裂纹网络的碳斑块的形式，结果 的干燥期间的收缩。 该阶段的碳斑层表示多孔碳球的聚集体。 碳层的层被重新卷起以在层的上表面处闭合裂纹，同时为该层确定所需的厚度。 在固化上述布置以增加碳球彼此和玻璃纤维基材的粘附性之后，可以从上述布置中切出用于初级电化学电池的所需尺寸和构型的整体碳/绝缘体结构。
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公开(公告)号：US5227267A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US607807
申请日：1990-11-01
申请人： Franz Goebel , David C. Batson , William T. McHugh
发明人： Franz Goebel , David C. Batson , William T. McHugh
CPC分类号： H01M10/0413 , H01M2/266 , H01M4/70 , H01M4/74 , H01M6/14
摘要： A high discharge rate electrochemical battery structure is disclosed as having a perforated disc electrode stack comprising pluralities of disc electrodes respectively connected to a pair of busbars. Each disc electrode has a tab with two fins which are bent at 90 degrees to the disc electrode. Each fin is inserted between two parts of the corresponding busbar and welded thereto. The design of the busbars and disc electrodes provides for redundancy of electrical contact, high thermal and electrical conductivity and improved resistance to mechanical shock.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种高放电率电化学电池结构，其具有包括分别连接到一对母线的多个盘状电极的多孔盘电极堆叠。 每个圆盘电极具有带有两个翅片的凸片，其与盘形电极成90度弯曲。 每个翅片插入相应母线的两个部分并焊接到其上。 母线和圆盘电极的设计提供了电接触的冗余性，高导热性和导电性，并提高了对机械冲击的抵抗力。
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公开(公告)号：US4315060A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-09
申请号：US159267
申请日：1980-06-13
申请人： Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
发明人： Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
摘要： A metal current collector substrate adapted to be inserted into an elongated cylindrical housing of a primary electrochemical cell. The metal current collector substrate is employed together with porous carbon and fiberglass separator elements to form a carbon current collector electrode/separator assembly for use in the electrochemical cell.The metal current collector substrate in accordance with the invention comprises a thin, circular, metal disc (e.g., of nickel) having a plurality of curved notches around its periphery. The notches are equally-spaced about the periphery of the disc (e.g., at 45.degree. intervals) and define a plurality of deflective, resilient arcuate portions intermediate to the notches. Prior to insertion into the housing of the cell, the disc is flat and has a diameter greater than the internal diameter of the housing. The disc is inserted into the housing by pushing the disc longitudinally into the housing whereupon the arcuate portions are deflected upwardly by physical contact with the interior wall of the housing. This deflection causes the arcuate portions to move toward each other and in turn to cause the disc to generally conform to the interior cross section of the housing. The arcuate portions following the deflection thereof are at acute angles with respect to the interior wall of the housing and make direct physical contact with the wall of the housing. In addition, due to the adjacency of the notches in the disc to the wall of the housing, a plurality of passageways are established between the disc and the interior wall of the housing.
摘要翻译： 金属集电器基板，适于插入主电化学电池的细长圆柱形外壳中。 金属集流体基板与多孔碳和玻璃纤维分离器元件一起使用以形成用于电化学电池的碳集电极电极/分离器组件。 根据本发明的金属集电器基板包括薄的圆形金属盘（例如镍），其周围具有多个弯曲的凹口。 凹口围绕圆周的周边等间隔（例如，以45°间隔），并且在凹口之间限定多个弯曲的，有弹性的弧形部分。 在插入电池壳体之前，该盘是扁平的并且具有大于壳体内径的直径。 通过将盘纵向推入壳体而将盘插入壳体中，由此弓形部分通过与壳体的内壁物理接触而向上偏转。 这种偏转导致弓形部分朝向彼此移动，并且继而导致盘基本上符合壳体的内部横截面。 其偏转之后的弓形部分相对于壳体的内壁呈锐角，并与壳体的壁直接物理接触。 此外，由于盘中的凹口与壳体的壁相邻，在盘和壳体的内壁之间建立了多个通道。
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公开(公告)号：US4296187A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-20
申请号：US159266
申请日：1980-06-13
申请人： John E. Barnes , Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
发明人： John E. Barnes , Franz Goebel , William T. McHugh
摘要： A thin, integrated carbon/insulator structure, and a method for fabricating same, for use in a primary electrochemical cell. A quantity of a wet carbon slurry material including a mixture of carbon black, water and/or isopropyl alcohol, and a binder such as finely-divided "Teflon" in suspension, is deposited onto a porous fiberglass substrate and rolled to a prescribed thickness. The rolling operation causes a portion of the slurry material to diffuse into the surface of the porous fiberglass substrate and permanently adhere to and unite with a surface portion of the fiberglass substrate in an integrated, interlocking fashion.The fiberglass substrate having the layer of carbon slurry material integrated therewith is then dried to cause the layer of carbon slurry material to dry and shrink to the form of a layer of carbon plaque having a network of cracks produced therethrough in a random pattern as a result of the shrinkage during drying. The layer of carbon plaque at this stage represents an aggregation of porous carbon globules. The layer of carbon plaque is re-rolled to close cracks at the upper surface of the layer while simultaneously establishing a desired thickness for the layer. After curing the above arrangement to increase adherence of the carbon globules to each other and to the fiberglass substrate, an integrated carbon/insulator structure of a desired size and configuration for use in a primary electrochemical cell can be cut out from the abovedescribed arrangement.
摘要翻译： 薄的集成碳/绝缘体结构及其制造方法，用于初级电化学电池。 将一定数量的包含炭黑，水和/或异丙醇的混合物的湿碳浆料和悬浮液中细碎的“特氟纶”的粘合剂沉积在多孔玻璃纤维基材上并轧制至规定的厚度。 轧制操作导致一部分浆料材料扩散到多孔玻璃纤维基材的表面，并以一体化的互锁方式永久地粘合并与玻璃纤维基材的表面部分结合。 然后将具有与其一体化的碳浆料材料层的玻璃纤维基材干燥以使碳浆料材料层干燥并收缩成具有随机图案产生的裂纹网络的碳斑块的形式，结果 的干燥期间的收缩。 该阶段的碳斑层表示多孔碳球的聚集体。 碳层的层被重新卷起以在层的上表面处闭合裂纹，同时为该层确定所需的厚度。 在固化上述布置以增加碳球彼此和玻璃纤维基材的粘附性之后，可以从上述布置中切出用于初级电化学电池的所需尺寸和构型的整体碳/绝缘体结构。
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公开(公告)号：US06443999B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-03
申请号：US09527508
申请日：2000-03-16
IPC分类号： H01M218
CPC分类号： H01M6/10 , H01M2/168 , H01M2/18 , H01M6/16 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： A primary lithium cell having a wound electrode assembly. The electrode assembly comprises an anode comprising lithium, a cathode comprising a manganese dioxide and an electrolyte permeable separator therebetween. The electrode assembly comprises a cathode sheet, an anode sheet and electrolyte permeable separator sheet therebetween. The sheets are wound into a spiral roll. An exposed edge of each revolution of the separator sheet is then heat treated, for example, by applying a heated platen thereto to mold said exposed edge into a continuous separator membrane. The continuous separator membrane, so formed, covers and seals off said edge of adjacent revolutions of the cathode sheet and thus provides electrical insulation therefor. The electrode assembly can then be inserted into the cell casing so that the continuous separator membrane abuts a surface of the casing and provides electrical insulation between the casing and the wound cathode sheet. This reduces the total amount of electrical insulation needed between the cell casing and wound electrodes and thereby frees up void volume which can be used for additional active material, for example, by making the anode and cathode sheets wider.
摘要翻译： 具有卷绕电极组件的一次锂电池。 电极组件包括包含锂的阳极，包含二氧化锰的阴极和其间的电解质可渗透隔离物。 电极组件包括阴极片，阳极片和它们之间的电解质可渗透隔离片。 将片材缠绕成螺旋卷。 然后例如通过将加热的压板加到其上以将所述暴露的边缘模制成连续的隔膜，然后对隔板的每一转的暴露边缘进行热处理。 如此形成的连续分隔膜覆盖并密封阴极片的相邻转圈的边缘，从而为其提供电绝缘。 然后可以将电极组件插入电池壳体中，使得连续的分隔膜抵靠壳体的表面并且在壳体和卷绕的阴极片之间提供电绝缘。 这减少了电池壳体和卷绕电极之间所需的电绝缘的总量，从而释放可用于附加活性材料的空隙体积，例如通过使阳极和阴极片更宽。
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公开(公告)号：US6083639A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US916627
申请日：1997-08-22
IPC分类号： H01H37/32 , H01H9/02 , H01H35/34 , H01H37/04 , H01H37/52 , H01H37/54 , H01M2/34 , H01M10/50 , H01M10/34
CPC分类号： H01M2/348 , H01H37/043 , H01H9/0271 , H01M2/34 , H01H35/34 , H01H37/323 , H01H37/54
摘要： A current interrupt assembly for electrochemical cells is disclosed. The current interrupter assembly may be a self-contained, sealed unit which may be separately inserted into the cell during cell construction. Several current interrupt assemblies may be inserted in the cell. The current interrupter assembly has particular utility for thin rechargeable cells and when inserted in the cell forms a portion of the electrical pathway between a cell electrode and corresponding terminal. The current interrupt mechanism comprises a thin thermally responsive member preferably comprising a disk of a shape memory metal alloy having a curved surface. When cell temperature exceeds a predetermined value the disk deflects to cause a break in the electrical pathway within the assembly. The assembly may include therein a flexible electrically conductive member which forms a part of the electrical pathway within the assembly and which is physically responsive to deflection of the thermally responsive member. The assembly may also include a pressure actuated diaphragm which may form a portion of the assembly housing. When the cell internal pressure exceeds a predetermined level the diaphragm deflects causing a break in the electrical pathway within the assembly, thereby shutting down the cell.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于电化学电池的电流中断组件。 电流断路器组件可以是独立的密封单元，其可以在电池构造期间被单独插入电池。 可以在单元中插入几个当前中断组件。 电流断路器组件对于薄的可再充电电池具有特别的用途，并且当插入电池中时，形成电池电极和相应的端子之间的电路径的一部分。 当前的中断机构包括薄的热响应构件，优选地包括具有弯曲表面的形状记忆金属合金的盘。 当电池温度超过预定值时，磁盘偏转，从而导致组件内电路中断。 组件可以包括柔性导电构件，其形成组件内的电路径的一部分，并且其对热响应构件的偏转具有物理响应。 组件还可以包括可以形成组件壳体的一部分的压力致动隔膜。 当电池内部压力超过预定水平时，隔膜偏转导致组件内的电路中断，从而关闭电池。
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公开(公告)号：US5958088A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US34483
申请日：1998-03-04
申请人： Viet H. Vu , Alexander Kaplan , William T. McHugh
发明人： Viet H. Vu , Alexander Kaplan , William T. McHugh
CPC分类号： H01M2/021 , H01M10/0431 , H01M10/0525 , H01M2/0217 , H01M6/10 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： An electrochemical cell is disclosed, having a sealed prismatic housing with two opposing, internal side surfaces defining therebetween an internal cavity having width and length. One of the side surfaces defines a convex arc, and the other of the side surfaces has a center portion opposing the convex arc of the one side surface, and features extending toward the one side surface and straddling the convex arc. An electrode stack is contained within the internal cavity of the housing, having positive and negative electrode sheets arranged in face-to-face relation. The electrode stack is arranged between the side surfaces of the housing such that the stack is retained between the one side surface and the extending features of the other side surface, and deflected to follow the convex arc to maintain contact pressure between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The stack is thus stretched across an inwardly crowned surface of the housing. The invention can, by maintaining good intersheet contact pressure within the stack, provide good overall active material utilization (for high cell capacity) and can help to inhibit housing distension of cells with broad sides. Methods of construction are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电化学电池，其具有密封的棱柱形壳体，其具有两个相对的内侧面，在其间限定具有宽度和长度的内部空腔。 侧表面中的一个限定凸弧，另一个侧表面具有与一个侧表面的凸弧相对的中心部分，并且具有朝向一个侧表面延伸且跨过凸弧的特征。 电极堆叠被容纳在壳体的内部空腔内，具有以面对面的关系布置的正极和负极片。 电极堆叠被布置在壳体的侧表面之间，使得堆叠保持在一个侧表面和另一侧表面的延伸特征之间，并且偏转以跟随凸弧以保持正极和负极之间的接触压力 床单。 因此，堆叠被拉伸穿过壳体的向内凸起的表面。 本发明可以通过在堆叠内保持良好的片间接触压力来提供良好的总体活性材料利用（用于高电池容量），并且可以有助于抑制具有宽边的电池的壳体膨胀。 还公开了施工方法。
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