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公开(公告)号：US5626106A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-06
申请号：US628998
申请日：1996-04-10
IPC分类号： F02B59/00
CPC分类号： F02B59/00
摘要： Design Improvements are disclosed which enhance the migrating combustion chamber engine's ability to achieve improved performance, obtain higher durability and cost less to manufacture. These include strip seals between the combustion chamber member and orbiting piston which are adapted to respond to the pressure of combustion to increase contact pressure and improve retention of the gases in the combustion chambers as well as improved porting located in at least one power block sidewall and cooperating with the migrating combustion chamber to convey hot combustion gasses from a combustion chamber to a corresponding secondary expansion chamber. The combustion chamber member may be formed of two reciprocable piston portions and a pair of separate alloy steel connecting bars coupling the piston portions together. The connecting bars made of a low thermal conductivity material to remain hot and aid in fuel evaporation. A one piece counterweight hub provides all required counterweights. It attaches to the crankshaft by a first clamp which clamps the counterweight hub onto the crankshaft, and second clamp which pulls an inside bore of the hub axially tight against an end of the crankshaft. Improvements in exhaust porting, ignition location, manifold and combustion chamber member designs as well as unique power block housing wear strips and crankshaft counterbalancing techniques are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了设计改进，其增强了迁移燃烧室发动机实现改进性能的能力，获得更高的耐久性和更少的制造成本。 这些包括在燃烧室构件和旋转活塞之间的条形密封件，其适于响应于燃烧压力以增加接触压力并改善气体在燃烧室中的保留以及位于至少一个功率块侧壁中的改进的端口， 与迁移燃烧室配合以将热燃烧气体从燃烧室传送到相应的次级膨胀室。 燃烧室构件可以由两个可往复运动的活塞部分和一对将活塞部分联接在一起的单独的合金钢连接杆形成。 连接杆由低热导率材料制成，以保持热量并有助于燃料蒸发。 一体式配重轮毂提供所有必需的配重。 它通过将配重轮毂夹在曲轴上的第一夹具连接到曲轴上，第二夹具将轮毂的内孔轴向紧紧地压靠在曲轴的端部。 还公开了排气口，点火位置，歧管和燃烧室构件设计以及独特的动力块外壳磨损条和曲轴平衡技术的改进。
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公开(公告)号：US5029516A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-09
申请号：US587203
申请日：1990-09-24
CPC分类号： F01L9/026 , F01L9/04 , Y10S251/90
摘要： An electronically controllable pneumatically powered valve actuating mechanism for use in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine is of the type having engine intake and exhaust valves with elongated valve stems. The actuator has a power piston reciprocable along an axis and adapted to be coupled to an engine valve and a pneumatic arrangement for moving the piston, thereby causing an engine valve to move in the direction of stem elongation between valve-open and valve-closed positions. The pneumatic arrangement includes a pair of control valves which are movable relative to the piston for selectively supplying high pressure air to the piston. Each control valve includes a thin walled portion having an inner cylindrical surface which slidingly engaging a portion of one of the enlarged diameter cylindrical portions of the piston. The inner cylindrical surface includes an end portion of enhanced strength and reduced inner diameter which is too small to receive the enlarged diameter cylindrical portion of the piston. The piston includes enlarged diameter cylindrical portions which cooperate with the motion of the corresponding control valve to stop the supply of high pressure air to the piston. A pneumatic damping arrangement imparts a first decelerating force to the piston when the engine valve reaches a first separation from one of said valve-open and valve-closed positions to begin reducing engine valve velocity as the engine valve approaches said one position, and imparts a second lesser decelerating force to the piston when the engine valve reaches a second lesser separation from that one position. A resilient member cooperates with and is deformed by the air control valve to prevent the application of piston moving air pressure to the piston when the air control valve is in the closed position, and included is an arrangement for adjustably selecting the amount of deformation of the resilient member when the air valve is in the closed position. An initializer to force the piston to one of its extreme positions upon start up, a pressure regulator, and an arrangement for minimizing surface tension induced valve sticking problems are also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US4967702A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US295177
申请日：1989-01-06
摘要： A bistable electronically controlled pneumatically powered transducer for use, for example, as a valve mechanism actuator in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The transducer has a piston which is coupled to an engine valve, for example. The pistion is powered by a pneumatic source and is held in each of its extreme positions by pneumatic pressure under the control of control valves which are in turn held in their closed positions by pressurized air and/or permanent magnet latching arrangements and are released therefrom to supply air to the piston to be pneumatically driven to the other extreme position by an electromagnetic neutralization of the permanent magnet field. A pair of auxiliary pistons movable with the piston compress air to a pressure above the pressure of the pneumatic source for aiding reclosure of the control valves as well as aiding maintenance of those control valves in their closed positions thereby reducing the size and cost of the latching permanent magnets. Air return springs for the control valves are formed by annular chambers which are sealed by initial control valve motion away from their respective closed positions. Thereafter, the chamber size diminishes linearly, and the chamber pressure increases approximately linearly, with further control valve motion thereby providing a restorative force to the control valve which increases as the valve opens.
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公开(公告)号：US4325331A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-20
申请号：US180135
申请日：1980-08-21
CPC分类号： F02B41/02 , F02B41/06 , F02B59/00 , F02B2053/005 , F02B2075/025 , F02B2075/027
摘要： A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.
摘要翻译： 一种新型内燃循环和内燃机。 在主燃烧/膨胀室和二次膨胀室中可控制地实现热燃烧气体的膨胀，以将发动机排气压力降低至基本上大气压或更低。 腔室由在发动机缸体内相对于彼此可移动的两个构件限定。 移动和流体流动控制通过移动构件的运动来实现。 实施例包括使用实现低于大气压的排气压力的抽吸室，并且其与压力泵室结合实现对发动机中的流体的“推挽”效应。 提供燃料/空气混合物的独特的移动，并且如果需要，其包括在循环期间改变燃料/空气比的装置。 本发明的发动机表现出与通常的四冲程循环发动机相关的性能特征。
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公开(公告)号：US5152260A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-06
申请号：US680494
申请日：1991-04-04
IPC分类号： F16K31/122 , F01L9/02 , F01L9/04 , F15B15/26
摘要： A high efficient actuator used to operate an engine's poppet valves is disclosed. Pneumatic pressure is applied to an actuator piston which is locked in either a first or a second position by an interconnected fluid latch. Upon a timed command, the piston latch is released allowing the pre-pressurized piston to rapidly transit from whichever of its two positions it happens to be in to the other. The actuator is configured to compress the air on the advancing side of the piston as the energy of the expanding air is propelling the piston to its other position. The fluid latch is configured to prevent the main piston from reversing direction at the end of its travel, thus trapping all the compressed air to be used to help propel the actuator piston back to its original position. The actuator has a feature for supplying make up air on the opening portion of the cycle in order to compensate for blow down as well as other losses. The actuator also has a feature for increasing the pressure in the latching chamber during the return stroke to assure positive seating of the interconnected poppet valve.
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公开(公告)号：US5083533A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-28
申请号：US435232
申请日：1989-11-09
IPC分类号： F02D41/02 , F02B1/04 , F02B75/02 , F02D13/02 , F02D15/00 , F02D23/00 , F02D43/00 , F02F1/00 , F02F1/04
CPC分类号： F02D13/0284 , F02F1/002 , F02B1/04 , F02B2075/025 , F02B2075/027 , F02B25/04 , F02F1/04 , Y02T10/18
摘要： A two-stroke-cycle spark ignited internal combustion engine operates with an exhaust valve that is controlled independently of crankshaft position and optimally for high power and low pollutant output in combination with a scavenging pump and fuel injector. The volume of combustible mixture is established at the point in the cycle when the exhaust valve is selectably closed with the piston traveling upwardly and decreasing the volume of the cylinder. Throttling losses are eliminated since the piston forces the scavenging air out of the cylinder through the wide-open exhaust valve rather than the air being drawn into the cylinder against the reduced pressure caused by a conventional partially closed throttle plate. The volume of combustible air in the cylinder is determined by the point in the cycle at which the exhaust valve is closed and a correspondingly appropriate charge of fuel is thereafter injected into the cylinder.
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公开(公告)号：US4915015A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US294727
申请日：1989-01-06
摘要： A pneumatically powered valve actuator is disclosed and includes a valve actuator housing, a working cylinder within the housing having a pair of opposed contoured end faces, and a main piston reciprocable within the cylinder along an axis. The main piston has a pair of oppositely facing primary working surfaces contoured substantially the same as the opposed end faces of the working cylinder to mate therewith providing a small minimum volume and, therefor, a high compression ratio. A pair of air control valves are reciprocable along the axis relative to both the housing and the main piston between open and closed positions for selectively supplying high pressure air to the piston primary working surfaces. The contoured end faces each include a central opening, an outer annular flat surface, and an intermediate frustoconical surface connecting the central opening and the flat surface. A piston motion damping arrangement is operable subsequent to initial piston movement and responsive to continued piston motion for compressing a trapped volume of air thereby slowing piston movement and an array of reed valves return some of the trapped air which has been compressed to a pressure greater than the pressure of the high pressure source to the high pressure source. The reed valves are adjustable to selectively control the quantity of trapped air which is returned to the high pressure source.
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公开(公告)号：US4852528A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US209279
申请日：1988-06-20
IPC分类号： F01L9/02 , F01L9/04 , F03G7/00 , F16K31/06 , F16K31/122
CPC分类号： F01L9/026 , F01L9/04 , Y10T137/86614
摘要： A bistable electronically controlled pneumatically powered transducer for use, for example, as a valve mechanism actuator in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The transducer has an armature including a piston which is coupled to an engine valve, for example. The piston is powered by a pneumatic source and includes pneumatic damping with a one-way return of air compressed beyond source pressure back to the air source as it nears its destination position. Air supplied to power the piston may be differentially controlled to compensate for asymmetric resistance to movement and the air damping may be differentially controlled to provide dissimilar damping at the two extremes of piston motion. The armature is held in each of its extreme positions by pneumatic pressure under the control of control valves which are in turn held in their closed positions by permanent magnet latching arrangements and are released therefrom to supply air to the piston to be pneumatically driven to the other extreme position by an electromagnetic arrangement which temporarily neutralizes the permanent magnetic field of the latching arrangement.
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5253619A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US990777
申请日：1992-12-09
IPC分类号： F01L1/46 , F01L9/02 , F01L9/04 , F02D11/06 , F16K31/122
CPC分类号： F01L9/04 , F01L1/465 , F01L9/02 , Y10S137/906
摘要： A hydraulic actuator includes a pneumatic piston, a hydraulic piston, and an engine valve on a common shaft. The pneumatic piston is urged between first and second stable positions primarily by a double acting pneumatic spring, with high pressure hydraulic fluid connected to a first hydraulic chamber being used to cock the hydraulic piston in a first stable position (engine valve closed). Hydraulic fluid isolated in a second hydraulic chamber is used to latch the hydraulic piston in a second stable position (engine valve open). Transfer of hydraulic fluid between first and second chambers is effected by a carrier for two check valves, which carrier in a first position disables the second check valve to permit fluid to flow from the second chamber to the first chamber, whereupon the first check valve closes (cocking). In a second position the carrier disables the first check valve to permit fluid to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber, whereupon the second check valve closes (latching). The carrier may be controlled directly by an EM actuator, or by hydraulic fluid channeled from a pilot valve which is EM actuated.
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公开(公告)号：US5248123A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US805145
申请日：1991-12-11
摘要： A housing has a pilot bore with an electrically controlled pilot valve therein, an intermediate bore with an intermediate valve therein, and an engine bore with a main valve therein, each valve being reciprocable between first and second stable positions. When said pilot valve is switched to its first stable position, high pressure hydraulic fluid drives said intermediate valve to its first stable position and releases said engine valve from its second stable position, whereupon a double acting spring drives the engine valve toward its first stable position. High pressure hydraulic fluid completes this movement then holds the main valve in its first stable position against the force of the double acting spring. Switching the pilot valve to its second stable position effects movement of the other valves back to their second stable positions.
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