公开(公告)号：US5676921A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-14

申请号：US654777

申请日：1996-05-29

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Martin Gwinner

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Martin Gwinner

IPC: B01D53/86 ,  C01B17/04 ,  B01D53/52

CPC classification number: C01B17/0456 ,  B01D53/8612 ,  C01B17/046

Abstract: This invention is a method for the recovery of elemental sulfur from a gas mixture containing H.sub.2 S. The gas mixture is first subjected to desulfurization in a Claus installation which has a thermal part and a catalytic part resulting in the recovery of elemental sulfur. Sulfur compounds still contained in the Claus tail gas are then transformed into H.sub.2 S by means of hydrogenation and, if necessary, by means of hydrolysis and the hydrogenated Claus tail gas is subjected to catalytic direct oxidation of the H.sub.2 S to elemental sulfur. The Claus installation comprises exactly one catalytic stage and the catalytic direct oxidation also takes place in exactly one reactor. Sulfur recovery rates of 99.3% to 99.6% are achieved by the method of the invention.

Abstract translation: 本发明是从含有H 2 S的气体混合物中回收元素硫的方法。 气体混合物首先在具有加热部分和催化部分的Claus装置中进行脱硫，导致回收元素硫。 然后仍然包含在Claus尾气中的硫化合物通过氢化转化成H 2 S，如果需要的话通过水解将氢化的Claus尾气催化直接氧化成元素硫。 克劳斯安装包括恰好一个催化阶段，催化剂直接氧化也恰好在一个反应​​器中进行。 通过本发明的方法实现了99.3％至99.6％的硫回收率。

公开(公告)号：US5628977A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-13

申请号：US436471

申请日：1995-05-26

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold

IPC: B01D53/14 ,  B01D53/86 ,  C01B17/04 ,  F23J15/04 ,  B01D53/48 ,  B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/52

CPC classification number: C01B17/0404 ,  B01D53/1481 ,  B01D53/8612 ,  C01B17/04 ,  C01B17/0456 ,  F23J15/04

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the desulfurization of a crude gas stream containing at least H.sub.2 S in a Claus plant, afterburning of Claus waste gas, and gas washing of the waste gas from the afterburning to remove SO.sub.2, in which SO.sub.2 recovered by the gas washing is recycled to a point before the Claus plant. According to the invention, within the Claus plant, between 60% and 90%, preferably between 67% and 85%, and especially preferably between 67% and 80% of the sulfur contained in the crude gas is separated directly from the crude gas, and between 33% and 10%, preferably between 25% and 10%, and especially preferably between 20% and 15% of the sulfur originally contained in the crude gas is recycled as SO.sub.2. The gas washing to remove SO.sub.2 is advantageously carried out with an absorbing agent having a physical action. A partial stream of the crude gas can be conveyed directly into the afterburning, bypassing the Claus plant. In addition to a Claus reactor operated at a temperature of between 850.degree. and 1300.degree. C., preferably between 900.degree. and 1100.degree. C., the Claus plant can contain one or more catalytic and/or thermal reactors for sulfur production and condensers for sulfur recovery, use only thermal stages for sulfur production, or consist of a direct-oxidation Claus plant.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 03300 Sec。 371日期：1995年5月26日 102（e）日期1995年5月26日PCT提交1993年11月24日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 12430 日期：1994年7月9日本发明涉及在克劳斯装置中至少含有H 2 S的粗气流脱硫，Claus废气再燃烧和从后燃除去废气中去除SO2的方法，其中 通过气体洗涤回收的SO2再循环到克劳斯植物之前的一个点。 根据本发明，在克劳斯工厂内，粗气中所含的硫的60％至90％，优选67％至85％，特别优选67％至80％的硫直接从粗气中分离出来， 并且原始气体中原始含有的硫的33％至10％，优选25％至10％，特别优选20％至15％被再循环为SO 2。 用于除去SO 2的气体洗涤有利地用具有物理作用的吸收剂进行。 粗气体的一部分流可以直接进入后燃，绕过克劳斯工厂。 除了在850℃至1300℃之间，优选在900℃至1100℃之间操作的克劳斯反应器之外，克劳斯设备可以含有一个或多个用于硫生产的催化和/或热反应器以及用于 硫回收，仅使用硫化氢的阶段，或由直接氧化的克劳斯工厂组成。

公开(公告)号：US5084247A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-28

申请号：US492163

申请日：1990-03-13

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Reiner Lohmueller

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Reiner Lohmueller

IPC: B01J8/04 ,  C01B23/00

CPC classification number: B01J8/0496 ,  B01J8/0453 ,  C01B23/00 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00141

Abstract: A process and apparatus for performing catalytic reactions with intensive heat of reaction in which a reaction mixture is conducted through a catalyst bed, from which the reaction heat is removed or to which it is fed by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchange medium. The catalyst bed adjoins at least one bed of a catalytically inert material, which also is in indirect heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.

公开(公告)号：US4957724A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-18

申请号：US171348

申请日：1988-03-21

Applicant: Freimut Marold ,  Michael Heisel

Inventor： Freimut Marold ,  Michael Heisel

IPC: C01B17/04

CPC classification number: C01B17/0439 ,  C01B17/0469 ,  Y02P20/584

Abstract: A process and apparatus for conducting a catalytic reaction of H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 to elementary sulfur provides for at least two catalyst beds and that at least one part of one of the catalyst beds is operated during the reaction at below the sulfur dew point, preferably below the solids condensation point, and above the water dew point. The adsorbed and deposited sulfur is removed by heating and evaporation. At least two serially connected and interchangeable reactors are employed in preferably a single flow direction in one cycle, and the flow direction of the gas stream is reversed in a second cycle by means of a multiway fitting.

Abstract translation: 用于进行H 2 S和SO 2对元素硫的催化反应的方法和装置提供至少两个催化剂床，并且催化剂床中的至少一部分在反应期间在硫露点以下，优选低于 固体凝结点，以上水露点。 通过加热和蒸发除去吸附和沉积的硫。 在一个循环中优选使用至少两个串联和可互换的反应器，优选地单一流动方向，并且通过多道配件在第二循环中使气流的流动方向反转。

公开(公告)号：US4764192A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-16

申请号：US889565

申请日：1986-07-25

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Reiner Lohmueller ,  Freimut Marold

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Reiner Lohmueller ,  Freimut Marold

IPC: C01B17/02 ,  C01B17/04 ,  B01D53/26

CPC classification number: C01B17/0447 ,  C01B17/021 ,  C01B17/0232

Abstract: In a sulfur condenser and degasser system associated with a Claus furnace, the condenser comprises a wound cross-countercurrent heat exchanger. Liquid sulfur is passed into the top of the condenser as reflux so that ascending sulfur droplets can be coalesced and the condenser can act as a rectifying column. The degassing is preferably carried out substantially simultaneously with the formation of liquid sulfur.

Abstract translation: 在与克劳斯炉相关联的硫冷凝器和脱气装置中，冷凝器包括一个缠绕的交叉逆流热交换器。 液态硫作为回流通入冷凝器的顶部，使得上升的硫滴可以聚结并且冷凝器可以用作精馏塔。 脱气优选与液体硫的形成基本上同时进行。

公开(公告)号：US4636377A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-13

申请号：US762072

申请日：1985-08-02

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Gerhard Linde

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Gerhard Linde

IPC: C01B17/05 ,  C01B17/02

CPC classification number: C01B17/05 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: For producing elemental sulfur, SO.sub.2 is dissolved in a regenerable solvent, which is treated with a reducing agent, and the thus-formed sulfur is separated from the solution.

Abstract translation: 为了生产元素硫，将SO 2溶解在用还原剂处理的可再生溶剂中，并将这样形成的硫从溶液中分离出来。

公开(公告)号：US5439664A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

申请号：US905567

申请日：1992-06-29

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold

IPC: B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/52 ,  C01B17/04 ,  F23J15/00 ,  B01D53/48

CPC classification number: C01B17/04 ,  C01B17/0421 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: For the thermal conversion of hydrogen sulfide contained in a gaseous stream, the gaseous stream is introduced into a non-catalytic reactor together with sulfur dioxide obtained from a waste gas purification facility arranged downstream of the reactor. If necessary, the sulfur yield can be regulated by feeding additional fuel gas and/or reducing gas and/or process air into the reactor. The thus-produced vapor-phase sulfur is condensed out by cooling and is obtained as a product; the resultant gaseous stream extensively freed of sulfur compounds is discharged and fed into the aforesaid downstream waste gas purification facility.

Abstract translation: 对于气流中所含的硫化氢的热转化，将气流与排放在反应器下游的废气净化装置获得的二氧化硫一起引入非催化反应器。 如果需要，可以通过向反应器中加入额外的燃料气体和/或还原气体和/或处理空气来调节硫产量。 由此产生的气相硫通过冷却冷凝，得到产物; 大量释放硫化合物的所得气流被排出并进料到上述下游废气净化设备中。

公开(公告)号：US4988431A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-29

申请号：US097000

申请日：1987-09-16

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Reiner Lohmueller

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Freimut Marold ,  Reiner Lohmueller

IPC: B01J8/04 ,  C01B23/00

CPC classification number: B01J8/0496 ,  B01J8/0453 ,  C01B23/00 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00141

Abstract: A process for performing catalytic reactions with intensive heat of reaction, in which a reaction mixture is conducted through a catalyst bed, from which the reaction heat is removed or to which it is fed by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchange medium. The catalyst bed adjoins at least one bed of a catalytically inert material, which also is in indirect heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.

Abstract translation: 一种用强烈的反应热进行催化反应的方法，其中将反应混合物通过催化剂床进行，反应热从该催化剂床除去，或通过与热交换介质的间接热交换进料。 催化剂床邻近至少一个催化惰性材料床，其也与热交换介质进行间接热交换。

公开(公告)号：US4795620A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-03

申请号：US20182

申请日：1987-02-27

Applicant: Michael Heisel ,  Gerhard Linde

Inventor： Michael Heisel ,  Gerhard Linde

IPC: B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/86 ,  C01B17/04 ,  C01B17/00

CPC classification number: B01D53/8612 ,  B01D53/507 ,  C01B17/0456 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the purification of a gaseous stream contaminated at least with CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S. The gaseous stream is preheated and subjected, in the presence of recycled SO.sub.2, to a catalytic conversion of H.sub.2 S into elemental sulfur. The thus-obtained sulfur is separated, and the residual gas, which contains at least H.sub.2 S, SO.sub.2, CO.sub.2, and water, is freed absorptively from SO.sub.2 after oxidative conversion of H.sub.2 S to SO.sub.2. It is proposed that the residual gas, after oxidative conversion of H.sub.2 S to SO.sub.2, is cooled in heat exchangers, preferably regenerators, and is subsequently scrubbed with a solvent consisting predominantly of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于净化至少被CO 2和H 2 S污染的气流的方法。 将气流预热并在再循环的SO 2存在下进行催化转化为硫化氢。 由此获得的硫被分离，并且至少含有H 2 S，SO 2，CO 2和水的残余气体在氧化成H 2 S至SO 2之后从SO 2吸收释放。 建议将H2S氧化转化成SO2后的残余气体在热交换器，优选再生器中冷却，随后用主要由四甘醇二甲醚组成的溶剂洗涤。

公开(公告)号：US4732918A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US724702

申请日：1985-04-18

Applicant: Reiner Lohmueller ,  Ulrich Lahne ,  Michael Heisel ,  Helmut Schneider ,  Markus Raab ,  Karl Hobel

Inventor： Reiner Lohmueller ,  Ulrich Lahne ,  Michael Heisel ,  Helmut Schneider ,  Markus Raab ,  Karl Hobel

IPC: B01J8/02 ,  C07C1/02 ,  F28D7/02 ,  C07C1/04

CPC classification number: F28D7/024 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  C07C1/02 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2219/00018

Abstract: For conducting exothermic catalytic reactions, e.g., production of methane from CO.sub.x and H.sub.2, a reactor is cooled internally by indirect heat exchange with a single heat exchanger provided in the reactor feed inlet region with a gradually increasing surface intensity (defined as the product of the overall coefficient of thermal conductivity, (h), of the tube wall times the cooling surface density, m.sup.2 /m.sup.3) reaching a maximum intensity at a central zone of the heat exchanger where the preponderant cooling occurs. A zone of gradually decreasing cooling surface intensity may also be provided at the outlet end of the reactor, and uncooled adiabatic zones may be incorporated in the zones immediate the inlet and outlet ends of the reactor.

Abstract translation: 为了进行放热催化反应，例如从CO x和H 2生产甲烷，反应器通过与设置在反应器进料入口区域中的单个热交换器间接热交换而内部冷却，其表面强度逐渐增加（定义为 总体热导率系数（h），管壁时间等于冷却表面密度，m2 / m3）达到发生主要冷却的换热器中心区域的最大强度。 还可以在反应器的出口端设置逐渐降低的冷却表面强度的区域，并且非冷却的绝热区域可以立即并入反应器的入口端和出口端的区域中。