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公开(公告)号：US4283685A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US102819
申请日：1979-12-13
IPC分类号： H03F3/60
CPC分类号： H03F3/602
摘要： A multiple channel amplifier providing both gain and/or phase shift to a microwave signal is formed of a set of transmission lines connected in parallel by means of a power splitter at the input end and a power combiner at the output end of the set of transmission lines. The transmission lines are disposed in a cylindrical array of electrically conducting bars which support amplifying and/or phase shifting elements between the bars and withdraw heat from the amplifying and/or phase shifting elements. The transmission lines may be slotted or severed for directing power flow towards an output terminal of the amplifier. The amplifying and/or phase shifting elements are conveniently mounted on a set of heat sinks to form modules, each of which is readily inserted and detached from the cylindrical array. An enlarged region between adjacent bars serves as the site of a module, the opposed surfaces of the bars and of the heat sink providing the function of a transmission line to conduct power along opposite sides of the module resulting in a push-pull amplifier configuration. Impedance matching is provided by transitions in the bar spacing. The splitter and the combiner may include spider-like structures for coupling the bars to a coaxial line, or a crossed-slot aperture and wedge for coupling the bars to a waveguide.
摘要翻译： 提供对微波信号的增益和/或相移的多通道放大器由在输入端通过功率分配器并联连接的一组传输线形成，并且在该组传输的输出端处的功率组合器 线条。 传输线设置在导电杆的圆柱形阵列中，其支撑杆之间的放大和/或移相元件并且从放大和/或移相元件中提取热量。 传输线可以被开槽或切断，用于引导朝向放大器的输出端的功率流。 放大和/或相移元件方便地安装在一组散热器上以形成模块，每个模块可容易地从圆柱形阵列插入和分离。 相邻条之间的放大区域用作模块的位置，杆和散热器的相对表面提供传输线的功能，以沿着模块的相对侧导电，导致推挽放大器配置。 阻抗匹配由条间距的转换提供。 分路器和组合器可以包括用于将杆连接到同轴线的类似蜘蛛状结构，或者用于将杆连接到波导的十字槽孔和楔形件。
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公开(公告)号：US4424496A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-03
申请号：US310011
申请日：1981-10-13
CPC分类号： H03F3/58
摘要： A divider/combiner amplifier circuit divides input power through a sectored coaxial line to a plurality of longitudinal parallel channels spaced around the circumference of a cylinder; the power in each channel is amplified by a semiconductor device; and the amplified power is combined in another sectored coaxial line. A microwave waveguide connected to the input and output of each amplifying device confines the microwave energy of the operating mode to the longitudinal channel formed by said waveguide. Each waveguide extends longitudinally along the cylinder and each is circumferentially spaced from its neighboring waveguide by a space which forms a cut-off waveguide to the operating mode. In the event of a failure of one or more amplifying elements, the space allows the failure mode to propagate radially to microwave absorbing material where it is absorbed to prevent reflection back into the longitudinal waveguide and thus effectively isolates the failure to provide a gradual deterioration of the amplifier circuit performance with element failure.
摘要翻译： 分频器/组合器放大器电路将输入功率通过扇形同轴线分配到围绕圆柱体的圆周间隔开的多个纵向平行通道; 每个通道的功率由半导体器件放大; 并且放大的功率被组合在另一个同轴线上。 连接到每个放大装置的输入和输出的微波波导将操作模式的微波能量限制到由所述波导形成的纵向通道。 每个波导沿着圆柱体纵向延伸，并且每个波导通过形成截止波导到操作模式的空间与其相邻波导沿周向间隔开。 在一个或多个放大元件发生故障的情况下，该空间允许故障模式径向传播到微波吸收材料，其中它被吸收以防止反射回到纵向波导中，从而有效地将故障隔离以提供逐渐劣化 放大器电路性能随元件故障。
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公开(公告)号：US4349791A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-14
申请号：US180221
申请日：1980-08-21
CPC分类号： H01P5/04
摘要： A system of slow wave structures for coupling a first electromagnetic circuit to a second electromagnetic circuit includes an inner slow wave structure and an outer slow wave structure concentric with the inner structure. The outer structure is configured to provide for a greater phase velocity of electromagnetc waves than the inner structure, the phase velocities for each structure being proportional to the circumference of each structure so that the rate of circulation of a wavefront about the common axis of the two structures is the same for a wave propagating about the inner structure and a wave propagating about the outer structure. The structures are terminated in their characteristic impedances to provide for wave propagation in one direction without reflections.
摘要翻译： 用于将第一电磁电路耦合到第二电磁电路的慢波结构的系统包括与内部结构同心的内部慢波结构和外部慢波结构。 外部结构被配置为提供比内部结构更大的电磁波相位速度，每个结构的相速度与每个结构的圆周成比例，使得波前围绕两个公共轴线的共同轴线的循环速率 对于围绕内部结构传播的波和围绕外部结构传播的波的结构是相同的。 这些结构以其特征阻抗终止，以提供在一个方向上的波浪传播而没有反射。
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公开(公告)号：US4282492A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-04
申请号：US103029
申请日：1979-12-13
IPC分类号： H03F3/60
CPC分类号： H03F3/602
摘要： A multiple channel amplifier providing both gain and/or phase shift to a microwave signal is formed of a set of transmission lines connected in parallel by means of a power splitter at the input end and a power combiner at the output end of the set of transmission lines. The transmission lines are disposed in a cylindrical array of electrically conducting bars which support amplifying and/or phase shifting elements between the bars and withdraw heat from the amplifying and/or phase shifting elements. The transmission lines may be slotted or severed for directing power flow towards an output terminal of the amplifier. The amplifying and/or phase shifting elements are conveniently mounted on a set of heat sinks to form modules, each of which is readily inserted and detached from the cylindrical array. An enlarged region between adjacent bars serves as the site of a module, the opposed surfaces of the bars and of the heat sink providing the function of a transmission line to conduct power along opposite sides of the module resulting in a push-pull amplifier configuration. Impedance matching is provided by transitions in the bar spacing. The splitter and the combiner may include spider-like structures for coupling the bars to a coaxial line, or a crossed-slot aperture and wedge for coupling the bars to a waveguide.
摘要翻译： 提供对微波信号的增益和/或相移的多通道放大器由在输入端通过功率分配器并联连接的一组传输线形成，并且在该组传输的输出端处的功率组合器 线条。 传输线设置在导电杆的圆柱形阵列中，其支撑杆之间的放大和/或移相元件并且从放大和/或移相元件中提取热量。 传输线可以被开槽或切断，用于引导朝向放大器的输出端的功率流。 放大和/或相移元件方便地安装在一组散热器上以形成模块，每个模块可容易地从圆柱形阵列插入和分离。 相邻条之间的放大区域用作模块的位置，杆和散热器的相对表面提供传输线的功能，以沿着模块的相对侧导电，导致推挽放大器配置。 阻抗匹配由条间距的转换提供。 分路器和组合器可以包括用于将杆连接到同轴线的类似蜘蛛状结构，或者用于将杆连接到波导的十字槽孔和楔形件。
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公开(公告)号：US4429286A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-31
申请号：US369942
申请日：1982-04-19
CPC分类号： H03F3/58
摘要： A divider/combiner amplifier circuit divides input power through a sectored coaxial line to a plurality of longitudinal parallel channels spaced around the circumference of a cylinder; the power in each channel is amplified by a semiconductor device; and the amplified power is combined in another sectored coaxial line. A microwave waveguide connected to the input and output of each amplifying device confines the microwave energy of the operating mode to the longitudinal channel formed by said waveguide. Each waveguide extends longitudinally along the cylinder and each is circumferentially spaced from its neighboring waveguide by a space which forms a cut-off waveguide to the operating mode. In the event of a failure of one or more amplifying elements, the space allows the failure mode to propagate radially to microwave absorbing material where it is absorbed to prevent reflection back into the longitudinal waveguide and thus effectively isolates the failure to provide a gradual deterioration of the amplifier circuit performance with element failure.
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公开(公告)号：US4282491A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-04
申请号：US103312
申请日：1979-12-13
IPC分类号： H03F3/60
CPC分类号： H03F3/602
摘要： A multiple channel amplifier providing both gain and/or phase shift to a microwave signal is formed of a set of transmission lines connected in parallel by means of a power splitter at the input end and a power combiner at the output end of the set of transmission lines. The transmission lines are disposed in a cylindrical array of electrically conducting bars which support amplifying and/or phase shifting elements between the bars and withdraw heat from the amplifying and/or phase shifting elements. The transmission lines may be slotted or severed for directing power flow towards an output terminal of the amplifier. The amplifying and/or phase shifting elements are conveniently mounted on a set of heat sinks to form modules, each of which is readily inserted and detached from the cylindrical array. An enlarged region between adjacent bars serves as the site of a module, the opposed surfaces of the bars and of the heat sink providing the function of a transmission line to conduct power along opposite sides of the module resulting in a push-pull amplifier configuration. Impedance matching is provided by transitions in the bar spacing. The splitter and the combiner may include spider-like structures for coupling the bars to a coaxial line, or a crossed-slot aperture and wedge for coupling the bars to a waveguide.
摘要翻译： 提供对微波信号的增益和/或相移的多通道放大器由在输入端通过功率分配器并联连接的一组传输线形成，并且在该组传输的输出端处的功率组合器 线条。 传输线设置在导电杆的圆柱形阵列中，其支撑杆之间的放大和/或移相元件并且从放大和/或移相元件中提取热量。 传输线可以被开槽或切断，用于引导朝向放大器的输出端的功率流。 放大和/或相移元件方便地安装在一组散热器上以形成模块，每个模块可容易地从圆柱形阵列插入和分离。 相邻条之间的放大区域用作模块的位置，杆和散热器的相对表面提供传输线的功能，以沿着模块的相对侧导电，导致推挽放大器配置。 阻抗匹配由条间距的转换提供。 分路器和组合器可以包括用于将杆连接到同轴线的类似蜘蛛状结构，或者用于将杆连接到波导的十字槽孔和楔形件。
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公开(公告)号：US4272740A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US103028
申请日：1979-12-13
摘要： A multiple channel amplifier providing both gain and/or phase shift to a microwave signal is formed of a set of transmission lines connected in parallel by means of a power splitter at the input end and a power combiner at the output end of the set of transmission lines. The transmission lines are disposed in a cylindrical array of electrically conducting bars which support amplifying and/or phase shifting elements between the bars and withdraw heat from the amplifying and/or phase shifting elements. The transmission lines may be slotted or severed for directing power flow towards an output terminal of the amplifier. The amplifying and/or phase shifting elements are conveniently mounted on a set of heat sinks to form modules, each of which is readily inserted and detached from the cylindrical array. An enlarged region between adjacent bars serves as the site of a module, the opposed surfaces of the bars and of the heat sink providing the function of a transmission line to conduct power along opposite sides of the module resulting in a push-pull amplifier configuration. Impedance matching is provided by transitions in the bar spacing. The splitter and the combiner may include spider-like structures for coupling the bars to a coaxial line, or a crossed-slot aperture and wedge for coupling the bars to a wave-guide.
摘要翻译： 提供对微波信号的增益和/或相移的多通道放大器由在输入端通过功率分配器并联连接的一组传输线形成，并且在该组传输的输出端处的功率组合器 线条。 传输线设置在导电杆的圆柱形阵列中，其支撑杆之间的放大和/或移相元件并且从放大和/或移相元件中提取热量。 传输线可以被开槽或切断，用于引导朝向放大器的输出端的功率流。 放大和/或相移元件方便地安装在一组散热器上以形成模块，每个模块可容易地从圆柱形阵列插入和分离。 相邻条之间的放大区域用作模块的位置，杆和散热器的相对表面提供传输线的功能，以沿着模块的相对侧导电，导致推挽放大器配置。 阻抗匹配由条间距的转换提供。 分路器和组合器可以包括用于将杆连接到同轴线的类似蜘蛛状结构，或者用于将杆连接到波导的交叉狭缝孔和楔。
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公开(公告)号：US4677342A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US697540
申请日：1985-02-01
CPC分类号： H01J1/32
摘要： The cathode and tube of this invention comprise a secondary emission semiconductor cathode in a crossed-field high power amplifier. A gallium arsenide semiconductor doped with an impurity to make it more conductive than intrinsic gallium arsenide has been found to perform better than prior art secondary emission cathodes when it is incorporated as a cathode in a high-power crossed-field amplifier tube operating at high average and peak current. With a gallium arsenide cathode, the crossed-field amplifier tube exhibits a radio frequency output pulse which has fast rise time and much reduced leading-edge jitter relative to performance of the same cross-field amplifier tube having a conventional secondary emission cathode.
摘要翻译： 本发明的阴极和管包括在交叉场高功率放大器中的二次发射半导体阴极。 已经发现掺杂杂质以使其比本征砷化镓更具导电性的砷化镓半导体在现有技术的二次发射阴极中作为阴极在比较高的平均值工作的大功率交叉场放大器管中表现得更好 和峰值电流。 使用砷化镓阴极，相对于具有常规二次发射阴极的相同交叉场放大器的性能，交叉场放大器管呈现射频输出脉冲，其具有快速上升时间和大大降低的前沿抖动。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4434387A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-28
申请号：US280406
申请日：1981-07-06
摘要： A crossed-field amplifier tube with a cathode slow wave structure at a high electrical potential is coupled to a high frequency of source and a load by a direct current isolated radio frequency transition. The transition is contained within the vacuum of the tube to prevent electrical breakdown between the transition and ground.
摘要翻译： 具有高电位的阴极慢波结构的交叉场放大器管通过直流隔离射频转换耦合到高频源和负载。 该转变包含在管的真空中，以防止过渡和地面之间的电击穿。
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公开(公告)号：US3980920A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-14
申请号：US592590
申请日：1975-07-02
CPC分类号： H01J25/42
摘要： A microwave oscillator is provided having electron emissive means and a first surrounding resonant structure. The first structure is fabricated of a material capable of emitting secondary electrons. A second resonant structure surrounds the secondary electron emitter and microwave energy is generated by the interaction between the electrons and currents induced in the structure. The high degree of isolation between the first oscillator section and the second amplifying section results in the generation of stable oscillations relatively free of effects of load variations.
摘要翻译： 提供具有电子发射装置和第一环绕谐振结构的微波振荡器。 第一结构由能够发射二次电子的材料制成。 第二共振结构围绕二次电子发射体，微波能量由结构中感应的电子和电流之间的相互作用产生。 第一振荡器部分和第二放大部分之间的高度隔离导致产生相对不受负载变化影响的稳定振荡。
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