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公开(公告)号：US4978922A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US401592
申请日：1989-08-31
CPC分类号： G01K13/006 , G01K1/024 , G01K7/006 , G01R1/07 , H02H7/001 , Y02E40/68 , Y10S505/843
摘要： The present invention provides a straightforward sensor and method for quench detection in a superconducting coil, magnet or inductor. The superconducting sensor of the present invention consists of a probe having a twisted loop of superconducting wire in a protective sheath which is co-wound with the superconducting coil, and a readout device. A very small amount of energy is applied to the superconducting loop of wire in the probe by the readout device and its resistance is monitored by readout device. When joule heating occurs in the superconducting coil as a result of a portion becoming normal, the heat is transferred to a corresponding portion of the probe causing a portion of the superconducting wires therein to become normal. This causes the resistance in the superconducting wires to change and this change is detected or measured by the readout device which is magnetically coupled to the wires of the probe.
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2.发明授权Sensor for detecting a quench in a superconductor using an optical coupling 失效用于使用光耦合检测超导体中的检测器的传感器
公开(公告)号：US5067044A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-19
申请号：US489137
申请日：1990-03-05
CPC分类号： H02H1/0007 , H02H7/001 , Y02E40/68 , Y10S505/85
摘要： A quench detector for a superconducting coil is provided which utilizes an optical coupling and a rotary encoder. The presence of a resistive voltage in the superconducting coil created by a quench will cause a rotatable readout coil to move. Movement of the readout coil will be detected by light passing through or reflected by an optical encoder, which will interrupt or transmit light passing from one or more light sources towards one or more light sensors. Preferred embodiments utilize optic fibers for the light sources and sensors, which are unaffected by the high magnetic fields or hostile environment of the superconductor coil.
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公开(公告)号：US4476423A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US486977
申请日：1983-04-20
IPC分类号： H02H7/08
CPC分类号： H02H7/0816 , H01H2071/006
摘要： A microprocessor controlled motor starter is utilized in which an operator can preprogram within limits the number of starts which a motor can be subjected to in a programmed period of time to thus prevent destruction of the motor by accumulated overheating. Significantly more heat is generated during a start of a motor than during the run mode. The foregoing is accomplished by utilizing memory locations in which accumulated times from a first start are sequentially stored in order. If the time found in the latest memory location is larger than the predetermined maximum allowable time then the start is allowed to take place. If it is less than that time then the start is prevented from taking place and a readout alerts the operator as to how much time must expire before the next allowable start may take place. Once the maximum number of starts has been reached and the time increment has been determined to be allowable, the microprocessor will down shift the information into lower memory locations for subsequent utilization at the next attempted start.
摘要翻译： 使用微处理器控制的电动机启动器，其中操作者可以在程序化的时间段内限制电动机可以承受的起动次数，从而防止由于累积过热而损坏电动机。 在电动机启动期间比在运行模式期间产生显着更多的热量。 前述是通过利用其中从第一次开始的累积时间顺序地存储的存储器位置来实现的。 如果在最新的存储位置中发现的时间大于预定的最大允许时间，那么允许开始发生。 如果不到那个时间，则防止开始发生，并且读出警告操作者在下一个可允许的启动之前需要多少时间到期。 一旦达到最大启动次数并且时间增量已被确定为可允许，则微处理器将在下一次尝试启动时将信息下移到较低的存储器位置用于随后的使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4704569A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-03
申请号：US876553
申请日：1986-06-20
CPC分类号： H02P25/03
摘要： An electronic sensing and triggering circuit including an integrated overvoltage protection circuit is used in conjunction with an energy storage capacitor as well as output transistors for providing a vigorous voltage pulse supplied through a current pulse transformer to the gate of an SCR in a brushless excitation circuit discharge circuit branch.
摘要翻译： 包括集成过电压保护电路的电子感测和触发电路与能量存储电容器以及输出晶体管一起使用，用于在无刷励磁电路放电中向SCR的栅极提供通过电流脉冲变压器提供的剧烈电压脉冲 电路分支。
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公开(公告)号：US4088899A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US723254
申请日：1976-09-14
IPC分类号： B21D55/00 , B23Q11/00 , B30B15/14 , B30B15/26 , B30B15/28 , G01H1/00 , G01H17/00 , G08B23/00
摘要： An automatic punch press and monitoring system. The monitoring system includes a piezoelectric accelerometer mounted within the stationary die shoe of the punch press, and electronic circuitry including a variable gain amplifier, a detector, an integrator, and a comparator. The monitoring system is manually placed in a "LEARN" mode whereupon the signal produced by the accelerometer during normal operation of the punch press is amplified, detected, and integrated over the time period of one stroke to produce a test function. The gain of the amplifier is automatically adjusted during successive normal strokes of the punch press until the test function is equal to an arbitrary set point, thereby establishing a reference function. The monitoring system is then automatically placed in an "AUTO CONTROL" mode whereupon on each succeeding stroke, with the gain of the amplifier fixed, the test function produced is compared with the reference function. If the test function is above a first high limit level corresponding to a percentage of the reference function and below a second high limit level corresponding to a second percentage of the reference function a check alarm is activated. If the test function is above the second high limit level or below a low limit level corresponding to a third percentage of the reference function the punch press is shut down.
摘要翻译： 自动冲床和监控系统。 监控系统包括安装在冲压机的固定模具内的压电加速度计，以及包括可变增益放大器，检测器，积分器和比较器的电子电路。 监视系统被手动放置在“LEARN”模式中，由此在冲压机的正常操作期间由加速度计产生的信号在一冲程的时间段内被放大，检测和积分以产生测试功能。 在冲压机的连续正常冲程期间，放大器的增益自动调整，直到测试功能等于任意设定点，从而建立参考功能。 然后，监控系统自动置于“自动控制”模式，随后在每次后续行程中，随着放大器的增益固定，产生的测试功能与参考功能进行比较。 如果测试功能高于对应于参考功能的百分比的第一上限水平并且低于对应于参考功能的第二百分比的第二上限水平，则检查报警被激活。 如果测试功能高于第二上限水平或低于对应于参考功能的第三百分比的下限水平，则冲压机被关闭。
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公开(公告)号：US4996472A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-26
申请号：US401589
申请日：1989-08-31
CPC分类号： H02H7/001 , Y02E40/68 , Y10S505/726
摘要： The present invention provides a passive superconducting sensor for quench detection in a superconducting coil. The sensor consists of a first circuit electrically connected to two voltage taps of a superconducting coil. The first circuit uses nonsuperconducting components and preferably contains a resistive element. The first circuit is magnetically coupled to a second circuit by a hybrid transformer. The second circuit is superconducting and contains a readout coil and preferably a second hybrid transformer. The second hybrid transformer is magnetically coupled to a sense coil which detects flux changes in the superconducting coil. The readout coil is coupled to a readout device which measures changes in the current through the readout coil. The current in the readout coil can be made a function only of the resistance of the superconducting coil between the voltage turns and thus can be used to detect a quench.
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公开(公告)号：US4631629A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-23
申请号：US775917
申请日：1985-09-13
CPC分类号： H01H47/22 , H01H47/325
摘要： Electrical apparatus is disclosed in which a line voltage supplies current to an electrically operated solenoid through an operable switch interconnected therebetween. A control circuit is coupled to the switch and controls the operation thereof such that the control circuit operates to increase the duration of current flow to the solenoid when the line voltage level decreases. The control circuit includes appropriate circuitry for generating a reference voltage independent of the line voltage level, for generating a control voltage proportional to the line voltage level, and for operating the switch to permit current flow to the solenoid whenever the control voltage exceeds the reference voltage. The control circuit can also include circuitry to increase the duration of current flow to the solenoid upon the occurrence of vibration with the solenoid above a predetermined level, and/or for increasing the duration of current flow upon initial energization of the solenoid.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电气设备，其中线路电压通过其间相互连接的可操作开关向电动螺线管提供电流。 控制电路耦合到开关并控制其操作，使得当线路电压电平降低时，控制电路操作以增加电流流向螺线管的持续时间。 控制电路包括用于产生与线路电压电平无关的参考电压的适当电路，用于产生与线路电压电平成比例的控制电压，并且用于操作开关以允许当控制电压超过参考电压时电流流向螺线管 。 控制电路还可以包括电路，用于在螺线管发生振动高于预定水平时增加电流流向螺线管的持续时间，和/或用于在螺线管初始通电时增加电流持续时间。
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公开(公告)号：US4704546A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-03
申请号：US893057
申请日：1986-07-31
CPC分类号： G01R19/0023 , G01R19/0038 , H02H1/0007
摘要： An auctioneering circuit is provided which utilizes voltage signals that are representative of current signals passing through secondary windings of current transformers. A voltage signal is provided which is representative of the current passing through two or more current transformers. This voltage signal is passed alternatively through a resistive path or an inverting amplifier. Negative portions of the voltage signal are passed through an inverting amplifier to provide a positive signal to the non-inverting input of an operational amplifier. This non-inverting input of the operational amplifier is also connected through a resistive path to the source of the originating volt signal. The input signals to the operational amplifier represent a full wave rectified signal. Three such circuits are connected together at a common connection point and the common connection point is connected to ground through a load resistor across which the maximum of two or more voltage signals can be measured. The circuit operates as an auctioneering circuit using voltage signals.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种采用代表通过电流互感器的次级绕组的电流信号的电压信号的拍卖电路。 提供了表示通过两个或多个电流互感器的电流的电压信号。 该电压信号交替地通过电阻路径或反相放大器通过。 电压信号的负部分通过反相放大器，以向运算放大器的非反相输入端提供正信号。 运算放大器的该同相输入端也通过电阻路径连接到始发电压信号的源极。 到运算放大器的输入信号表示全波整流信号。 三个这样的电路在公共连接点处连接在一起，并且公共连接点通过负载电阻器连接到地，可以测量最多两个或更多个电压信号。 该电路作为使用电压信号的拍卖电路。
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公开(公告)号：US4456867A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-26
申请号：US486752
申请日：1983-04-20
CPC分类号： H02P1/26 , H02H3/05 , H01H2071/006
摘要： A microprocessor control motor starter is utilized in which the microprocessor measures the status of AC input signals which are coupled thereto by way of an isolating electro-optical device. The electro-optical device provides a square wave output signal. Thirty-six samples are made to determine if the output signal is at a digital "1" level or a digital "0" level. If more than 18 digital "1's" are found, that is an indication that the device has failed and a trip operation is initiated by the microprocessor. If less than 18 but greater than some arbitrarily chosen small number such as 6 is found, that is an indication that the switch empowering the optoelectrical device is in a closed but valid disposition. If a number less than 6 is found, that is an indication that the switch is in the open disposition. If the device is failed, the microprocessor will trip the motor.
摘要翻译： 利用微处理器控制电动机启动器，其中微处理器通过隔离电光装置来测量与其耦合的AC输入信号的状态。 电光装置提供方波输出信号。 制作三十六个样品以确定输出信号是数字“1”电平还是数字“0”电平。 如果发现超过18个数字“1”，这表示设备发生故障，微处理器发起跳闸操作。 如果发现小于18但大于某些任意选择的小数（例如6），这表明赋予光电装置的开关处于封闭而有效的位置。 如果找到小于6的数字，则表示开关处于开放状态。 如果设备出现故障，微处理器将使电机脱扣。
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公开(公告)号：US4204425A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-27
申请号：US920320
申请日：1978-06-29
CPC分类号： G01R31/343
摘要： A method is provided for testing induction motors, particularly single-phase fractional horsepower motors, which enables routine testing of all motors in production for both starting and running torque and other desired characteristics. The method consists essentially of applying power to the motor for a very short period of time, such as three or four cycles of the supply voltage, then interrupting the power supply and immediately measuring the instantaneous speed by observing the induced voltage from the deenergized motor terminals. The torque then is verified from the change in speed over this short period. Both starting and running torques can be tested very quickly in this manner by means of solid-state control and computing devices, without connecting anything to the motor other than the power leads. Other desired characteristics of the motor can also be readily determined.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于测试感应电动机，特别是单相分数马力电动机的方法，其能够对起动和运行转矩以及其它所需特性的生产中的所有电动机进行常规测试。 该方法基本上是将电力施加在电动机上很短的时间，例如电源电压的三个或四个周期，然后中断电源，并通过观察去激励的电动机端子的感应电压立即测量瞬时速度 。 然后从这个短时间内的速度变化来验证转矩。 起动和运行转矩都可以通过固态控制和计算设备以这种方式非常快速地进行测试，而不需要将任何东西连接到除电源线之外的电机上。 马达的其它期望的特性也可以容易地确定。
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