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公开(公告)号：US20040030505A1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-12
申请号：US10417906
申请日：2003-04-17
IPC分类号： G06F019/00 , G01N031/00
摘要： A superconducting radiation detector uses the abruptness of a superconducting transition edge, converts a slight heat generated by an X-ray into a high signal current, and uses an electrothermal self-feedback mechanism, thereby having a high energy resolution and a high counting rate. In a calorimeter that includes an absorber for absorbing X-rays, a resistor provided under the absorber, a resistance value thereof being changed by heat generated in the absorber, superconducting wires connecting the resistor and an external current detector, and a membrane on which the resistor is superimposed, the resistor being constituted by a superconductor, the calorimeter allowing Joule heat generated by steadily flowing a current in the resistor and the heat generated in the absorber to be thermally balanced and transfer in the membrane, an insulating film is provided between the resistor and the absorber, the film having a hole penetrating the film in the thickness direction.
摘要翻译： 超导辐射检测器利用超导过渡边缘的突然性，将由X射线产生的轻微热量转换为高信号电流，并使用电热自反馈机制，从而具有高能量分辨率和高计数率。 在包含用于吸收X射线的吸收体的量热计中，设置在吸收体下方的电阻器，其电阻值由吸收体中产生的热量而变化，连接电阻器和外部电流检测器的超导线材以及膜 电阻器叠加，电阻器由超导体构成，该量热计允许通过使电阻器中的电流稳定地流动而产生焦耳热，并且吸收器中产生的热量被热平衡并在膜中传输，绝缘膜设置在 电阻器和吸收器，膜具有在厚度方向上穿透膜的孔。
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公开(公告)号：US5823682A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US795572
申请日：1997-02-06
申请人： Josef Betz
发明人： Josef Betz
CPC分类号： G01K17/003 , G01J1/4257 , G01J5/045 , G01J5/046 , G01J5/12 , G01K7/006 , G01K7/021
摘要： The invention relates to a novel thermoelectric sensor for determining or measuring the thermal power of radiation, especially laser radiation, with at least one thermoelectric detector or sensor element which has an active detector surface of a thin active layer of a crystalline solid with anisotropic thermoelectric power and in which the surface perpendicular of the layer does not coincide with one of the primary anisotropy directions, on the thin active layer there being at least two contacts for tapping a voltage dependent on the thermal output.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种新型的热电传感器，用于通过至少一个热电探测器或传感器元件确定或测量辐射热功率，特别是激光辐射，该热电探测器或传感器元件具有具有各向异性热电功率的结晶固体的薄有源层的有源检测器表面 并且其中层的垂直于表面的一次各向异性方向之一不一致，在薄的有源层上存在至少两个触点，用于分接取决于热输出的电压。
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公开(公告)号：US4506996A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-26
申请号：US477857
申请日：1983-03-22
申请人： Koichi Nara
发明人： Koichi Nara
CPC分类号： G01K7/006 , Y10S505/847
摘要： A thermometer capable of providing temperature measurement over a wide temperature range comprises at least one temperature detection unit consisting of a first superconductor as a core, and a normal conductor and a second supercondutor sequentially superposed coaxially on the first superconductor; a first power source disposed to pass electric current between the first and second superconductors, a second power source disposed between the opposite terminals of the first superconductor, and a voltmeter connected to the first and second superconductors. This thermometer effects measurement of temperature by fixing the value of the electric current from the first power source and changing the value of the electric current from the second power source thereby causing cyclic change of the voltage and measuring the increment of electric current from the second power which is required to cause one cycle of change of the voltage.
摘要翻译： 一种能够在宽温度范围内提供温度测量的温度计包括至少一个温度检测单元，该温度检测单元由作为芯的第一超导体和在第一超导体上同轴地重叠的正常导体和第二超级导体组成; 设置为在第一和第二超导体之间传递电流的第一电源，设置在第一超导体的相对端子之间的第二电源和连接到第一和第二超导体的电压表。 该温度计通过固定来自第一电源的电流值来测量温度，并且改变来自第二电源的电流值，从而引起电压的循环变化并且测量来自第二电力的电流的增量 这需要引起电压的一个周期的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US3356864A
公开(公告)日：1967-12-05
申请号：US49214165
申请日：1965-10-01
申请人： GEN ELECTRIC
发明人： IVAR GIAEVER
CPC分类号： H03K3/38 , F25B21/00 , F25B2321/003 , G01K7/006 , G06G7/24 , G11C11/44 , H01L27/00 , H01L39/221 , Y02B30/66
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公开(公告)号：US11879789B2
公开(公告)日：2024-01-23
申请号：US16460572
申请日：2019-07-02
发明人： Salvatore Bernardo Olivadese , Daniela Florentina Bogorin , Nicholas Torleiv Bronn , Sean Hart , Patryk Gumann
IPC分类号： G01K7/00 , G06N10/00 , G06F30/367 , H01P7/08 , H01P7/10 , G06F119/08
CPC分类号： G01K7/006 , G06F30/367 , G06N10/00 , H01P7/082 , H01P7/10 , G06F2119/08
摘要： Techniques regarding determining the temperature of one or more quantum computing devices are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a system, which can comprise a temperature component that can determine a temperature of a superconducting resonator based on a frequency shift exhibited by the superconducting resonator due to a change in kinetic inductance with a change in temperature.
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公开(公告)号：US20150117495A1
公开(公告)日：2015-04-30
申请号：US14171580
申请日：2014-02-03
CPC分类号： G01K7/006 , G01K7/01 , G01K15/005
摘要： Various embodiments of the invention use the characteristics of BJTs to compute parameter values required to de-embed the effects of non-idealities including BJT's-mismatch in the reverse saturation current and process-dependent injection factor. In some embodiments, a temperature sensor circuit and method provide high temperature accuracy in a low-cost way by individually calibrating each part, thereby, eliminating the need to accurately measure temperature with a precision temperature sensor.
摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施例使用BJT的特性来计算在逆饱和电流和与处理相关的注入因子中去嵌入包括BJT不匹配的非理想性的影响所需的参数值。 在一些实施例中，温度传感器电路和方法通过单独校准每个部件以低成本的方式提供高温度精度，从而消除了使用精密温度传感器精确测量温度的需要。
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公开(公告)号：US5619141A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US313260
申请日：1994-12-30
CPC分类号： G01K7/006 , Y10S505/843
摘要： The invention comprises a method for determining the hole or electron concentration, transition temperature, ratio T.sub.c /T.sub.c (max), or state of doping of a material capable of exhibiting superconductivity when cooled below its critical temperature, by measuring the thermopower of a sample of the material above the critical temperature of the material and determining from the thermopower the hole or electron concentration, transition temperature, ratio T.sub.c /T.sub.c (max), or state of doping of the material as to whether it is underdoped, overdoped or optimally doped. The sample may be differentially heated and/or cooled to generate a temperature difference across the sample, the temperature difference across the sample measured, the voltage across the sample measured, and the hole concentration or similar determined from the measured temperature difference and the measured voltage. Means for determining the hole concentration, transition temperature, or doping of the material is also claimed.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / NZ93 / 00022 Sec。 371日期1994年12月30日第 102（e）1994年12月30日日期PCT 1993年4月5日PCT公布。 出版物WO93 / 20591 日期：1993年10月14日本发明包括一种用于确定当冷却到其临界温度以下时能够显示超导性的材料的空穴或电子浓度，转变温度，比率Tc / Tc（max）或掺杂状态的方法， 材料样品的热电偶高于材料的临界温度，并从热电极确定材料的空穴或电子浓度，转变温度，比率Tc / Tc（max）或掺杂状态，以确定其是否不足， 过度掺杂或最佳掺杂。 样品可以被差分加热和/或冷却以产生样品两端的温度差，测量的样品两端的温度差，测量的样品两端的电压以及从测量的温度差和测量的电压确定的类似的空穴浓度 。 还要求用于确定材料的空穴浓度，转变温度或掺杂的方法。
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8.发明授权Superconducting ring resonator microwave oscillator for operating as a remote temperature sensor 失效超导环形谐振器微波振荡器用作远程温度传感器
公开(公告)号：US5309117A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US5692
申请日：1993-01-19
CPC分类号： H03B15/003 , G01K7/00 , G01K7/006 , H03B5/1847 , H03B2200/0016
摘要： A remote temperature sensor includes a microwave oscillator which generatesn output signal having a frequency which is proportional to the temperature of the environment in which it is located. The oscillator includes a relatively high transition temperature superconducting (HTSC) ring coupled to a transistor in a plurality of microstrip line oscillator configurations including those of a reaction oscillator, a transmission oscillator, a reflection oscillator and a parallel feedback oscillator. The superconducting ring operates below its transition temperature and in so doing, acts as a high Q resonator whose resonant frequency is proportional to temperature.
摘要翻译： 远程温度传感器包括微波振荡器，该微波振荡器产生具有与其所在环境的温度成比例的频率的输出信号。 振荡器包括耦合到多个微带线振荡器配置中的晶体管的相对较高的转变温度超导（HTSC）环，包括反应振荡器，发送振荡器，反射振荡器和并联反馈振荡器。 超导环工作在其转变温度以下，这样做可以起到高谐振频率与谐振频率成正比的高Q谐振器的作用。
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公开(公告)号：US4943559A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-24
申请号：US316394
申请日：1989-02-27
申请人： Jan W. Severin , Gijsbertus De With
发明人： Jan W. Severin , Gijsbertus De With
CPC分类号： G01K7/006 , Y10S252/96 , Y10S420/901 , Y10S505/701
摘要： A temperature sensor comprises a thin layer of material the composition of which varies gradually over the layer thickness. The material is superconductive below a critical temperature the value of which depends on the composition of the material. The layer is connected, by means of electrodes to an electronic circuit for supplying current to the sensor and processing a temperature-dependent signal produced by the sensor.
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10.发明授权Circuit and method using distributed phase change elements for across-chip temperature profiling 有权使用分布式相变元件进行跨芯片温度分析的电路和方法公开(公告)号：US07882455B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-01
申请号：US12117784
申请日：2008-05-09
IPC分类号： G06F17/50
摘要： Disclosed is an across-chip temperature sensing circuit and an associated method that can be used to profile the across-chip temperature gradient. The embodiments incorporate a plurality of phase change elements distributed approximately evenly across the semiconductor chip. These phase change elements are programmed to have essentially the same amorphous resistance. Temperature-dependent behavior exhibited by each of the phase change elements individually is compared to a reference (e.g., generated by a discrete reference phase change element, generated by another one of the phase change elements, or generated by an external reference) in order to profile the temperature gradient across the semiconductor chip. Once profiled, this temperature gradient can be used to redesign and/or relocate functional cores, to set stress limits for qualification of functional cores and/or to adjust operating specifications of functional cores.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种跨芯片温度感测电路及其相关方法，可用于对片内温度梯度进行分析。 这些实施例结合了大致均匀分布在半导体芯片上的多个相变元件。 这些相变元件被编程为具有基本上相同的无定形电阻。 每个相变元件单独表现出的温度相关行为与参考（例如，由离散参考相变元件产生，由另一个相变元件产生或由外部参考产生）相比较，以便 描述半导体芯片上的温度梯度。 一旦进行了分析，该温度梯度可用于重新设计和/或重新定位功能核心，为功能核心的鉴定和/或调整功能核心的操作规范设定应力限制。
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