摘要:
Process for the preparation of sodium fluoride from sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen fluoride, characterized in that at least 45% strength by weight, in particular 50% strength by weight, sodium hydroxide solution and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride are introduced separately into a saturated NaF solution in which 4 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, solid NaF are suspended and the temperature of which is in the range from 20 to 80.degree. C., preferably 30 to 60.degree. C.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode that includes an electrically conductive carrier, and a porous coating based on an electrochemically active catalyst and a hydrophobic material, wherein the electrode has a first side facing an oxygen-containing gas and a second side facing an alkaline electrolyte, wherein the catalyst comprises a noble metal as a catalytically active component, wherein the hydrophobic material comprises a hydrophobic polymer, and wherein the coating comprising the catalyst has a pore volume from 10 to 500 mm3/g, and a pore diameter in the range from 100 to 10,000 nm.
摘要:
An oxygen-consuming electrode, in particular for use in chloralkali electrolysis, having a novel catalyst coating and also an electrolysis apparatus are described. Furthermore, its use in chloralkali electrolysis, fuel cell technology or metal/air batteries is described. The oxygen-consuming electrode comprises at least a support which in particular is electrically conductive, a layer containing a catalyst and a hydrophobic layer, characterized in that it contains gallium in addition to silver as catalytically active component.
摘要:
The invention describes an electrode and an electrode coating which are based on a catalyst containing finely divided carbon modifications and noble metal (oxide)s.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for producing an oxygen-consuming electrode that includes the steps of (a) producing a powder mixture consisting of at least one polymer as binder and a catalytically active component, (b) applying the powder mixture to an electrically conductive sheet-like support element, and (c) compacting and consolidating the powder mixture on the support element using rollers, wherein the rollers used in the compaction step c) comprises a surface coating of tungsten carbide and wherein the roller surface has a roughness of not more than 0.5 μm.
摘要:
An oxygen-consuming electrode includes a support in the form of a sheet-like structure and a coating including a gas diffusion layer and a catalytically active component, wherein the support is based on a material having a conductivity of less than 1000 S/cm, measured at 20° C. The supports are simple to produce and have a low weight and good processability in the production of the oxygen-consuming electrodes.
摘要:
The invention relates to a combined process for the preparation of polycarbonate by the phase boundary process and downstream electrolysis of sodium chloride-containing process wastewater.
摘要:
A process is disclosed comprising: (a) reacting hydrogen chloride and an oxygen-containing gas to form a gas mixture comprising chlorine, water, unreacted hydrogen chloride, and unreacted oxygen, wherein the oxygen-containing gas reacted with the hydrogen chloride has an oxygen content of not more than 99 vol. %; (b) cooling the gas mixture to form an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride; (c) separating at least a portion of the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride from the gas mixture; and (d) subjecting the gas mixture to a gas permeation to form a chlorine-rich gas stream and an oxygen-containing partial stream.
摘要:
Processes are described which comprise: (a) reacting chlorine with carbon monoxide to form phosgene; (b) reacting the phosgene with at least one organic amine to form at least one isocyanate and hydrogen chloride; (c) separating the hydrogen chloride; (d) oxidizing the hydrogen chloride with oxygen in a gas phase to form additional chlorine; and (e) recycling at least a portion of the additional chlorine to the reaction of the chlorine and the carbon monoxide; wherein the oxidation of the hydrogen chloride is initiated via a high energy source which may be selected from electron-exciting radiation, ionizing radiation, a gas discharge, a plasma, and combinations thereof.
摘要:
The invention describes a process for the manufacture of a gas diffusion electrode involving preparing a powder mixture containing at least a catalyst and a binder, applying the powder mixture to an electrically conducting support, and pressing the powder mixture with the electrically conducting support.