Abstract:
A process is proposed for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A), especially natural gas, by a) liquefying the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A) against the coolant mixture of a cooling circuit, b) compressing the coolant mixture in at least two stages (C1, C2), c) partially condensing (E1) the compressed coolant mixture (2) at least downstream of the penultimate compressor stage (C1), d) compressing (C2) the lower-boiling gas fraction (2′) obtained to the final pressure, e) while cooling (E) the first higher-boiling liquid fraction (3) obtained, expanding it (a) to perform cooling and vaporizing it (E) against the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A) to be cooled, f) partially condensing (E2) the coolant mixture fraction (4) compressed to the final pressure and separating the first lower-boiling gas fraction (5) obtained, after partial condensation (E), into a second lower-boiling gas fraction (7) and a second higher-boiling liquid fraction (6), and g) liquefying and subcooling (E) the second lower-boiling gas fraction (7), sub-cooling (E) the second higher-boiling liquid fraction (6) and expanding the two fractions to different temperature levels to perform cooling (b, c), and partly heating and at least partly vaporizing them (E) against the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A) to be cooled. According to the invention, the composition of the coolant mixture is selected such that the final boiling point (dew point) of the second lower-boiling gas fraction (7) is at a lower temperature than the initial boiling point of the first higher-boiling liquid fraction (3).
Abstract:
A hydrocarbon-rich flow, such as a natural gas flow, is liquefied by means of an open expander process, where the peak coldness required for the liquefaction and the supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich flow takes place in that the hydrocarbon-rich flow to be liquefied is liquefied and supercooled in one or more heat exchangers, such as plate heat exchangers, against an expanded partial flow of the liquefied and supercooled hydrocarbon-rich flow. The peak coldness for the liquefaction and supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich flow is generated by the expansion of at least two partial flows of the at least partially liquefied hydrocarbon-rich flow, the partial flows being evaporated at different pressures.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a pillow, mattress or quilt, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties and a second layer of down filling. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.
Abstract:
A system for regulating braking power in a braking system with self-acting brake intervention wherein the wheels at the front and rear axles are stopped in the event that the vehicle is parked. The braking power (BVA) at the wheels of the front axle is reduced during a steering operation, in order to reduce the steering power. At the same time, the braking power (BHA) at the rear axle of the vehicle is increased, in order to safely hold the vehicle in a parked position.
Abstract:
A potentiometer assembly particularly suited for supplying tuning voltages for all of the bands of signals capable of receipt by a television receiver or the like, includes three segments of resistive material arranged in a circle on a support member. Each of the segments corresponds to a different band of frequencies to which the television receiver may be tuned. Band selection is effected by comparable conductive segments on the support member.In one embodiment, a single wiper is used to sweep all of the resistive segments to supply the desired tuning voltage output. A cam arrangement is used to adjust the detented position of the wiper relative to the support member to effect fine tuning at each position. Other embodiments utilize individually adjustable wipers for each station or detent position of the tuner, with each wiper being preset to effect the fine tuning at the detented position of the potentiometer assembly. The individual contacts or wipers for each position are arranged to overlap comparable resistances on the resistive material, so that the entire range of tuning voltages which appear across the resistive material is available from the outputs of the assembly.
Abstract:
A method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream is disclosed. In an embodiment, the hydrocarbon-rich stream is liquefied in a heat exchanger countercurrent to a three component refrigerant mixture. The refrigerant mixture is compressed in a two stage compressor. The refrigerant mixture is separated into a higher boiling fraction and a lower boiling fraction. A fluid fraction is recovered from a partial stream of the lower boiling fraction. The fluid fraction is supercooled and expanded to a pressure of the higher boiling fraction and the fluid fraction is provided to a compressor stage to which the higher boiling fraction is taken.
Abstract:
Method for the liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich gas stream containing aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons, in particular a natural gas stream, where, prior to the liquefaction, a separation of the aromatic and the heavy hydrocarbons, in particular the C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons, comprisesa) a fraction (9, 11, 14) containing heavy hydrocarbons is admixed to the hydrocarbon-rich gas stream (1) to be liquefied,b) this mixed fraction (1, 2) is supplied to a separator (D),c) a gas fraction (3) freed of aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons is withdrawn from separator (D) and liquefied (E2), andd) a liquid fraction (5) enriched with aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons is withdrawn from separator (D).
Abstract:
An ethane-rich fraction for refilling the refrigerant circuit, using an ethane-containing refrigerant in a process for liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, is obtained by removing a partial flow of liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction and supplying same to a C.sub.1 /C.sub.2 /C.sub.3+ separation column. Roughly in the middle of this C.sub.1 /C.sub.2 /C.sub.3+ separation column, an ethane-rich fraction is withdrawn and, optionally after intermediate storage in a buffer tank, is added to the ethane-containing refrigerant.
Abstract:
Apparatus for injection of compressed air into a liquid such as waste water comprises a tubular basic body surrounded by a flexible, perforated membrane through which compressed air is supplied through radial openings in the basic body to be dispersed by the perforated membrane as fine bubbles into the liquid. The basic body is connected to a compressed air supply pipe through a hollow connecting body that supports the basic body and supplies compressed air to radial openings in the basic body. In one embodiment, air-conducting passageways are arranged concentrically about the hollow connecting body. The hollow connecting body provides a flooding zone in communication with the tubular basic body and sealed from the air-conducting passageways. Liquid flows therethrough to avoid dead zones of untreated liquid. The common flooding zone provides a floodable volume relative to a non-floodable volume of greater than 1.3.
Abstract:
A method for repairing a hot-blast, long-time cupola furnace by removing residual slag and relining the cupola furnace including feeding liquid nitrogen to the cupola furnace immediately at the end of a smelting operation and simultaneously with the feeding of the liquid nitrogen, removing residual slag from the furnace. The furnace is cooled with liquid nitrogen until the furnace reaches a temperature of less than or equal to 40.degree. C. after which the furnace is relined with fresh refractory tamping compound.