摘要:
A system and method for cooling a gas using a mixed refrigerant includes a compressor system and a heat exchange system, where the compressor system may include an interstage separation device or drum with no liquid outlet, a liquid outlet in fluid communication with a pump that pumps liquid forward to a high pressure separation device or a liquid outlet through which liquid flows to the heat exchanger to be subcooled. In the last situation, the subcooled liquid is expanded and combined with an expanded cold temperature stream, which is a cooled and expanded stream from the vapor side of a cold vapor separation device, and subcooled and expanded streams from liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device, or combined with a stream formed from the subcooled streams from the liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device after mixing and expansion, to form a primary refrigeration stream.
摘要:
Systems, devices, and methods for recovering mixed refrigerant and/or nitrogen within liquefaction systems are provided. The systems, devices, and methods facilitate recovering mixed refrigerant (MR) and/or nitrogen vapor that can leak from a compressor, separating the MR from the nitrogen, and reusing the MR and/or the nitrogen within the liquefaction system. Recovering and reusing MR and/or nitrogen can minimize loss of MR and nitrogen which can lower the total operating cost of a liquefaction system. Additionally, recovering the MR, rather than burning it, can reduce environmental emissions by reducing the amount of MR that is burned.
摘要:
The invention relates to an integrated process and apparatus for liquefaction of natural gas and recovery of natural gas liquids. In particular, the improved process and apparatus reduces the energy consumption of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) unit by using a portion of the already cooled overhead vapor from a fractionation column from an NGL (natural gas liquefaction) unit to, depending upon composition, provide, for example, reflux for fractionation in the NGL unit and/or a cold feed for the LNG unit, or by cooling, within the NGL unit, a residue gas originating from a fractionation column of the NGL unit and using the resultant cooled residue gas to, depending upon composition, provide, for example, reflux/feed for fractionation in the NGL and/or a cold feed for the LNG unit, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the LNG unit and rendering the process more energy-efficient.
摘要:
A system for liquefying production gas from a gas source containing a fluid having C1-C12 entrained gases includes a first phase separator for separating the C1-C12 gases from the fluid from the gas source. The first phase separator has an inlet in fluid communication with the gas source, a gas outlet and at least one alternative outlet. A first cryogenic liquefaction vessel has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is in fluid communication with the gas outlet of the first phase separator. The first cryogenic liquefaction vessel cools the C1-C12 gases to liquefy the C3-C12 petroleum gases. A second phase separator is provided for separating the C3-C12 liquefied gases from the C1-C2 gases. The second phase separator has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas outlet. The inlet is in fluid communication with the outlet of the first cryogenic liquefaction vessel. At least one storage vessel is provided in fluid communication with the liquid outlet of the second phase separator for collection of the liquefied C3-C12 petroleum gases.
摘要:
Methods and systems for separating hydrocarbons using one or more dividing wall columns are provided. The method can include introducing a hydrocarbon fluid to a first dividing wall column. A first overhead comprising methane, ethane, or a combination thereof, a first intermediate comprising ethane, a second intermediate comprising ethane, and a first bottoms comprising one or more hydrocarbons having three or more carbon atoms per molecule can be recovered from the first dividing wall column. The first overhead can be introduced to a process for producing a liquefied natural gas. The first bottoms can be introduced to a second dividing wall column. A second overhead comprising propane, a third intermediate comprising butane, and a second bottoms comprising one or more hydrocarbons having five or more carbon atoms per molecule can be recovered from the second dividing wall column. The second overhead can be introduced to the process for producing a liquefied natural gas.
摘要:
A LNG liquefaction plant system includes concurrent power production, wherein the refrigeration content of the refrigerant or SMR is used to liquefy and sub-cool a natural gas stream in a cold box or cryogenic exchanger. For concurrent power production, the system uses waste heat from refrigerant compression to vaporize and superheat a waste heat working fluid that in turn drives a compressor for refrigerant compression. The refrigerant may be an external SMR or an internal LNG refrigerant working fluid expanded and compressed by a twin compander arrangement.
摘要:
Systems and methods for natural gas liquefaction capacity augmentation using supplemental cooling systems and methods to improve the efficiency of a liquefaction cycle for producing liquefied natural gas (LNG).
摘要:
A system and method for cooling and liquefying a gas in a heat exchanger that includes compressing and cooling a mixed refrigerant using first and last compression and cooling cycles so that high pressure liquid and vapor streams are formed. The high pressure liquid and vapor streams are cooled in the heat exchanger and then expanded so that a primary refrigeration stream is provided in the heat exchanger. The mixed refrigerant is cooled and equilibrated between the first and last compression and cooling cycles so that a pre-cool liquid stream is formed and subcooled in the heat exchanger. The stream is then expanded and passed through the heat exchanger as a pre-cool refrigeration stream. A stream of gas is passed through the heat exchanger in countercurrent heat exchange with the primary refrigeration stream and the pre-cool refrigeration stream so that the gas is cooled. A resulting vapor stream from the primary refrigeration stream passage and a two-phase stream from the pre-cool refrigeration stream passage exit the warm end of the exchanger and are combined and undergo a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation prior to the first compression and cooling cycle so that a reduced temperature vapor stream is provided to the first stage compressor so as to lower power consumption by the system. Additionally, the warm end of the cooling curve is nearly closed further reducing power consumption. Heavy components of the refrigerant are also kept out of the cold end of the process, reducing the possibility of refrigerant freezing, as well as facilitating a refrigerant management scheme.
摘要:
A system and method for cooling and liquefying a gas in a heat exchanger that includes compressing and cooling a mixed refrigerant using first and last compression and cooling cycles so that high pressure liquid and vapor streams are formed. The high pressure liquid and vapor streams are cooled in the heat exchanger and then expanded so that a primary refrigeration stream is provided in the heat exchanger. The mixed refrigerant is cooled and equilibrated between the first and last compression and cooling cycles so that a pre-cool liquid stream is formed and subcooled in the heat exchanger. The stream is then expanded and passed through the heat exchanger as a pre-cool refrigeration stream. A stream of gas is passed through the heat exchanger in countercurrent heat exchange with the primary refrigeration stream and the pre-cool refrigeration stream so that the gas is cooled. A resulting vapor stream from the primary refrigeration stream passage and a two-phase stream from the pre-cool refrigeration stream passage exit the warm end of the exchanger and are combined and undergo a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation prior to the first compression and cooling cycle so that a reduced temperature vapor stream is provided to the first stage compressor so as to lower power consumption by the system. Additionally, the warm end of the cooling curve is nearly closed further reducing power consumption. Heavy components of the refrigerant are also kept out of the cold end of the process, reducing the possibility of refrigerant freezing, as well as facilitating a refrigerant management scheme.
摘要:
Provided are an LNG storage container with an inner shell, which is capable of efficiently storing LNG or pressurized LNG (PLNG) pressurized at a predetermined pressure and supplying the LNG or PLNG to a consumption place, and capable of reducing manufacturing costs by minimizing the use of a metal having excellent low temperature characteristic, and a method for manufacturing the same. The LNG storage container includes: an inner shell configured to store LNG inside; an outer shell configured to enclose the outside of the inner shell such that a space is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell; a support installed in the space between the inner shell and the outer shell to support the inner shell and the outer shell; and a heat insulation layer part installed in the space between the inner shell and the outer shell and configured to reduce a heat transfer.