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公开(公告)号：US4762663A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-09
申请号：US849246
申请日：1986-04-08
IPC分类号： G21C17/003 , G01R31/00 , G01R31/327 , G05B23/02 , G21C17/00 , H01H47/00 , G21C7/36 , G08B19/00
CPC分类号： G05B23/0256 , G01R31/3275 , H01H47/002
摘要： A self-testing contact closure test circuit and method in which invalid logic states are artificially created in order to simulate a switch malfunction, and thus to determine whether the testing circuitry correctly identifies the invalid state. The system is designed to be used with switches such as those incorporating form "C" arrangements having two pairs of contacts which under normal circumstances are in opposite states.
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4470041A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-04
申请号：US318223
申请日：1981-11-04
申请人： James F. Sutherland , Henry F. Cook
发明人： James F. Sutherland , Henry F. Cook
IPC分类号： G01R31/02 , G01R31/04 , G01R31/327 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G01R31/026 , G01R31/02 , G01R31/041 , G01R31/3278
摘要： An apparatus is provided for sensing the state of high voltage contact inputs in a process control system. Lower voltage contact closure input modules cooperate with a reference bus and reference bus regulator to reduce the voltage drop across an input module when a pair of contacts is closed, thereby reducing the energy dissipated and heat created by the input module.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于感测过程控制系统中的高压接触输入的状态的装置。 低电压触点闭合输入模块与参考总线和参考总线调节器协作，以减少一对触点闭合时输入模块上的电压降，从而减少输入模块产生的能量消耗和热量。
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公开(公告)号：US4725937A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US926806
申请日：1986-10-30
CPC分类号： H02M3/3378
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the magnitude of an analog current through a load to be proportional to the magnitude of an input voltage. A sensing resistor is connected in series with the load. A controllable voltage is applied across the series connection of the load and sensing resistor for driving a current therethrough. A pulse width modulator receives the input voltage and a feedback voltage corresponding to the voltage drop across the sensing resistors when current is conducted thereby and produces square wave pulses each having a pulse width which is adjusted in response to a difference between the magnitudes of the input voltage and the feedback voltage. The magnitude of the controllable voltage is adjusted as a function of the pulse width of the square wave pulses until the magnitude of the current flowing through the load and sensing resistor causes the magnitude of feedback voltage to correspond to the magnitude of the input voltage so that the current through the load is maintained proportional to the magnitude of the input voltage.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制通过负载的模拟电流的大小与输入电压的大小成比例的方法和装置。 感测电阻与负载串联连接。 在负载和感测电阻的串联连接上施加可控电压以驱动电流通过。 脉冲宽度调制器接收输入电压和对应于当电流传导时的感测电阻器两端的电压降的反馈电压，并产生每个具有脉冲宽度的方波脉冲，该脉冲宽度根据输入的幅度 电压和反馈电压。 可控电压的大小作为方波脉冲的脉冲宽度的函数进行调整，直到流过负载和感测电阻器的电流的大小导致反馈电压的大小对应于输入电压的大小，使得 通过负载的电流与输入电压的大小成比例。
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公开(公告)号：US4792880A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US120738
申请日：1987-11-12
CPC分类号： H01R12/515
摘要： A terminal module provides for attaching components to terminals of a terminal frame. The terminal module utilizes an integral printed circuit board having a component assembly potted within a rectangular plastic shell with the remaining portion of the printed circuit board protruding from the shell for use as electrical terminals and for physical attachment to screw terminal strips of the termination frame. The modules are suitably of a predetermined geometric configuration, and the potted component assembly portion is contoured to fit between respective ones of stacked terminal strips.
摘要翻译： 终端模块提供将组件附接到终端框架的终端。 终端模块利用整体的印刷电路板，其中组件装配在一个矩形塑料外壳中，其中印刷电路板的其余部分从外壳突出，用作电端子，并用于物理连接到终端框架的螺丝端子条。 模块适当地具有预定的几何构造，并且盆形部件组装部分被成形为适合于堆叠的端子条中的相应的一个。
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公开(公告)号：US4672226A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US709753
申请日：1985-03-08
申请人： James F. Sutherland
发明人： James F. Sutherland
CPC分类号： G05F1/59 , Y10T307/50 , Y10T307/615 , Y10T307/625 , Y10T307/724
摘要： A redundant power supply/signal conditioner system for a resistance temperature detector includes power supply/signal conditioner modules having first and second output terminals connected to a resistance temperature detector. Diode circuits are connected across the output terminals of each of the power supply/signal conditioner modules to provide an alternate current path when the corresponding power supply/signal conditioner module is removed or is not conductive due to a failure. Each of the power supply/conditioner modules includes a constant current source for supplying a constant current which is slightly different in each of the modules. Each of the modules also includes an overvoltage protection circuit for preventing the voltage output by the constant current source from exceeding a predetermined value and a signal conditioner which outputs a signal based on the temperature detected by the resistance temperature detector. The resistance temperature detector is operated by a current from the module containing the constant current source which generates the highest current and all other constant current sources are controlled by a voltage across a feedback resistor to stay turned off as long as the current is supplied. When the current stops being supplied because the operating constant current source fails or is removed, the next highest voltage current source is turned on due to the drop in current across its feedback resistor and begins supplying current to the resistance temperature detector.
摘要翻译： 用于电阻温度检测器的冗余电源/信号调节器系统包括具有连接到电阻温度检测器的第一和第二输出端子的电源/信号调节器模块。 当每个电源/信号调节器模块的输出端子连接二极管电路，以便在相应的电源/信号调节器模块由于故障而被去除或不导电时提供交替电流路径。 每个电源/调节器模块包括用于提供在每个模块中稍微不同的恒定电流的恒流源。 每个模块还包括用于防止恒定电流源的电压输出超过预定值的过电压保护电路和基于由电阻温度检测器检测的温度输出信号的信号调节器。 电阻温度检测器由包含产生最高电流的恒流源的模块的电流运行，并且所有其他恒流源由跨反馈电阻器的电压控制，只要电流被提供就保持关闭。 当由于工作恒流源故障或被去除而导致电流停止时，下一个最高电压电流源由于其反馈电阻器上的电流下降而导通，并开始向电阻温度检测器供电。
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6.发明授权Testable, fault-tolerant power interface circuit for controlling plant process equipment 失效用于控制工厂设备的可测试的容错电源接口电路
公开(公告)号：US4697093A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-29
申请号：US694190
申请日：1985-01-23
CPC分类号： G21D3/00 , G05B9/03 , Y02E30/39 , Y10T307/461 , Y10T307/484
摘要： A power interface circuit periodically which receives test pulses to test the operation and connections thereof. Voltage and current sensors detect the result of the testing and may be used for zero-crossing detection when AC powered devices are controlled by the power interface circuit. Preferrably, asymmetrical pulses, such as those representing an ASCII character, are used as the test pulses. Three input signals are received by the power interface circuit which performs two out of the three voting on the input signals to generate a control signal for two power switches. The power switches may be connected in parallel or in series to provide additional fault tolerance.
摘要翻译： 电源接口电路周期性地接收测试脉冲以测试其操作及其连接。 电压和电流传感器检测测试结果，并且可以在交流供电的设备由电源接口电路控制时用于过零检测。 优选地，使用诸如表示ASCII字符的非对称脉冲作为测试脉冲。 三个输入信号由电源接口电路接收，对输入信号执行三次投票中的两个，以产生两个电源开关的控制信号。 电源开关可以并联或串联连接，以提供额外的容错能力。
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公开(公告)号：US4700174A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US862335
申请日：1986-05-12
CPC分类号： G06J1/00
摘要： Apparatus and a method for use therein are disclosed for an analog signal processor, particularly one suited for use in nuclear power plant applications, which converts analog process signals to digital form and employs continuous on-line automatic calibration in order to accurately compensate for gain and bias errors occurring in its input analog circuitry.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于模拟信号处理器的设备及其方法，特别是适用于核电站应用的模拟信号处理器，其将模拟处理信号转换为数字形式，并采用连续的在线自动校准，以便准确地补偿增益和 其输入模拟电路中出现偏置误差。
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公开(公告)号：US4691263A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-01
申请号：US809710
申请日：1985-12-17
IPC分类号： H02H9/02 , H03K17/0814 , H03K17/785 , H02H3/08
CPC分类号： H03K17/08142 , H03K17/785
摘要： A power contact with low off current for switching a-c loads in response to a logic signal includes a rectifier bridge circuit in a series with the load and the a-c power source, a MOSFET connected across the d-c terminals of the bridge, and a series RC filter circuit in parallel with the MOSFET. A metal oxide varistor connected across the d-c side of the bridge protects the MOSFET from transients in the a-c circuit. While this power contact is capable of switching sizable a-c currents, the leakage current with the MOSFET off is less than 1/10 of a milliamp so that it can also be used to switch loads which draw very low level currents. The MOSFET is electrically isolated from the logic signal by an opto-isolator which has a unique switchable output which permits the power contact to be readily adapted for use with normally energized or normally deenergized loads.
摘要翻译： 用于响应逻辑信号切换交流负载的具有低关断电流的电源触点包括与负载和交流电源串联的整流桥电路，跨桥的直流端连接的MOSFET和串联RC滤波器 电路与MOSFET并联。 连接在桥的d-c侧的金属氧化物变阻器保护MOSFET免于a-c电路中的瞬变。 虽然这个电源触点能够切换大小的a-c电流，但MOSFET关断的漏电流小于毫安的1/10，因此也可用于切换非常低电平电流的负载。 MOSFET通过光隔离器与逻辑信号电隔离，光隔离器具有独特的可切换输出，允许电源触点易于适应于正常通电或通常断电的负载。
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公开(公告)号：US4652417A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US699367
申请日：1985-02-07
CPC分类号： G05B9/03
摘要： An analog output network provides multiple communication paths for control of an actuator in response to an input signal. The analog output network includes at least two controllers, each of which is connected to an analog output circuit and a controller selector which is connected to each of the controllers and the analog output circuits. The controller selector ensures that at least one of the analog output circuits is enabled at all times and identifies one of the controllers as an on-line controller. The analog output circuit connected to the on-line controller generates an actuation signal which passes through the actuator and the other analog output circuit. An alternate current path comprising a diode string with a voltage drop larger than the voltage drop of the actuation signal in the other analog output circuit is provided so that if an analog output circuit is removed or defective, the actuation signal from the on-line analog output circuit is still provided with a current path.
摘要翻译： 模拟输出网络响应于输入信号提供用于控制致动器的多个通信路径。 模拟输出网络包括至少两个控制器，每个控制器连接到模拟输出电路和连接到每个控制器和模拟输出电路的控制器选择器。 控制器选择器确保至少一个模拟输出电路始终启用，并将其中一个控制器识别为在线控制器。 连接到在线控制器的模拟输出电路产生通过致动器和另一个模拟输出电路的致动信号。 提供包括具有大于另一模拟输出电路中的致动信号的电压降的电压降的二极管串的交替电流路径，使得如果模拟输出电路被去除或有缺陷，则来自在线模拟 输出电路仍然具有电流路径。
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10.发明授权Distributed microprocessor based sensor signal processing system for a complex process 失效基于分布式微处理器的传感器信号处理系统，用于复杂的过程
公开(公告)号：US4804515A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US666696
申请日：1984-10-31
申请人： Albert W. Crew , James A. Neuner , Gilbert W. Remley , Robert E. Hager , George M. Chambers , Eric A. Delava , Susan A. Wilbur , Thomas J. Kenny , James F. Sutherland
发明人： Albert W. Crew , James A. Neuner , Gilbert W. Remley , Robert E. Hager , George M. Chambers , Eric A. Delava , Susan A. Wilbur , Thomas J. Kenny , James F. Sutherland
IPC分类号： G01D21/00 , G05B9/03 , G05B23/02 , G06F11/16 , G06F17/40 , G08C15/00 , G21C17/00 , G21D3/04 , G21C7/36
摘要： Signals from redundant sensors located throughout a pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plant are processed in four independent channel sets each of which includes a plurality of independent microcomputers which calibrate, convert to engineering units and calculate partial trip signals and engineered safeguard actuation signals from the sensor signals for use in the conventional voting logic of a plant protection system. The primary and secondary partial trip and engineered safeguard actuation functions associated with various postulated abnormal events are allocated to different independent microcomputers in the channel set for reliability. A test unit common to the channel set automatically, rapidly bypasses and tests each protection function independently while the other protection functions in the channel set remain on-line and also continually tests each microcomputer through a dummy test function performed along with the assigned protection functions. Signals representative of the analog value of the sensor signals are stored by the microcomputers and are transmitted by a serial data link through a common electrical isolation unit to a common analog output device for use by the plant control and monitoring systems under the control of a communication processor common to a group of microcomputers in the channel set.
摘要翻译： 来自位于整个压水反应堆（PWR）核电站的冗余传感器的信号在四个独立的通道组中进行处理，每个独立的通道组包括多个独立的微型计算机，其校准，转换为工程单位并计算部分跳闸信号和设计的保护启动信号 传感器信号用于植物保护系统的常规投票逻辑。 与各种假设的异常事件相关联的主要和次要部分行程和设计的保护动作功能被分配给可靠性通道组中的不同的独立微型计算机。 通道设置通用的测试单元自动快速旁路并测试每个保护功能，而通道组中的其他保护功能保持在线，并且还通过与分配的保护功能一起执行的虚拟测试功能来连续测试每台微型计算机。 代表传感器信号的模拟值的信号由微型计算机存储，并通过串行数据链路通过公共电气隔离单元发送到公共模拟输出设备，以供通信控制下的工厂控制和监控系统使用 通道集中的一组微型计算机共有的处理器。
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