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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for reducing near-end crosstalk (NEXT) in discrete multi-tone modulator/demodulators 失效用于减少离散多音调制器/解调器中的近端串扰（NEXT）的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06678316B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-13
申请号：US09658570
申请日：2000-09-08
IPC分类号： H04B138
CPC分类号： H04L5/14 , H04L27/2607 , H04L27/2656 , H04L27/2678
摘要： Near-end crosstalk between identical discrete multi-tone modems is reduced by aligning the frames of all modems at a central office to each other, aligning the frames transmitted by subscribers' modems with the frames received by those modems, and including a cyclic prefix between the central office and the most distant subscriber to be served. By making adjacent DMT carrier frequencies be orthogonal to each other, the aforementioned modifications will reduce both Near End Cross-Talk and Leakage-Excited Cross-Talk. These benefits apply to modems at both the central office and subscriber ends of the communication path.
摘要翻译： 通过将中心局的所有调制解调器的帧彼此对准，将用户调制解调器发送的帧与由这些调制解调器接收的帧对齐，并且包括在两个调制解调器之间的循环前缀，减少相同离散多音调制解调器之间的近端串扰 中央办公室和最远的订户。 通过使相邻的DMT载波频率彼此正交，上述修改将减少近端串话和泄漏激励的对话。 这些优点适用于通信路径的中心局和用户端的调制解调器。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for reducing near-end crosstalk (NEXT) in discrete multi-tone modulator/demodulators 失效用于减少离散多音调制器/解调器中的近端串扰（NEXT）的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6144695A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US997176
申请日：1997-12-23
CPC分类号： H04L5/14 , H04L27/2607 , H04L27/2656 , H04L27/2678
摘要： This invention reduces near-end crosstalk between identical discrete multi-tone (DMT-type) modems by introducing the following modifications to modems at a central office or a subscriber premises. The modifications include: a mechanism for aligning the frames of all modems at the central office (CO), a mechanism for aligning the frames transmitted by the subscribers' modems with the frames received by those modems, and lengthening the DMT frame to include a cyclic prefix. The cyclic prefix to a frame has been made longer than twice the maximum round-trip delay, that is, the delay between the central office and the most distant subscriber to be served. By making adjacent DMT carrier frequencies be orthogonal to each other, the aforementioned modifications will reduce both Near End Cross-Talk (NEXT) and Leakage-Excited Cross-Talk (LEXT). These benefits apply to modems at both the central office (CO) and subscriber ends of the communication path (for example, a high capacity twisted-pair wire).
摘要翻译： 本发明通过在中心局或用户房屋处对调制解调器引入以下修改来减少相同离散多音调（DMT型）调制解调器之间的近端串扰。 这些修改包括：用于对准中央局（CO）处的所有调制解调器的帧的机制，用于将由用户调制解调器发送的帧与由这些调制解调器接收的帧对准的机制，以及延长DMT帧以包括循环 字首。 帧的循环前缀已经被设置为比最大往返延迟的两倍，即中心局和要服务的最远的用户之间的延迟。 通过使相邻的DMT载波频率彼此正交，上述修改将减少近端串话（NEXT）和泄漏激励对讲（LEXT）。 这些优点适用于中央局（CO）和通信路径的用户端（例如，高容量双绞线）的调制解调器。
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公开(公告)号：US6111895A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US858170
申请日：1997-05-14
CPC分类号： H04B3/32
摘要： A method for broadband transmissions through metallic wire in an interference-laden environment. Wideband communication through a wire is achieved in the presence of other wideband signals in the wire or in adjacent wires by applying a modulation schema to the wideband communication signal that forms a signal which is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to all other signals that are present in the wire, whether directly applied or electromagnetically induced. In accordance with one illustrated embodiment, a CDMA code is applied to the wideband signal that is to be communicated through a given wire, and the code that is employed is orthogonal to the CDMA codes that are applied to other signals that flow through the wire or through other wires which are in the neighborhood of the given wire.
摘要翻译： 一种在受干扰环境中通过金属线进行宽带传输的方法。 通过线路中的其他宽带信号的存在，通过对宽带通信信号应用调制方案来实现通过线路的宽带通信，所述宽带通信信号形成与所述其他信号中存在的所有其他信号正交或几乎正交的信号 电线，无论是直接应用还是电磁感应。 根据一个所示的实施例，将CDMA码应用于要通过给定线路传送的宽带信号，并且所采用的码与被应用于流过线的其他信号的CDMA码正交，或 通过在给定电线附近的其他电线。
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公开(公告)号：US06285708B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US09527305
申请日：2000-03-16
IPC分类号： H04B138
CPC分类号： H04L27/2608
摘要： High transmission capacity in a twisted pair signal line, where power is limited by a power spectral-density mask and an aggregate signal power constraint, is obtained by: (1) allocating data to multitone sub-bands according to a lowest marginal power-cost per bit scheme and (2) in an environment where an aggregate power budget remains after all bits have been allocated to all sub-bands with sufficient margins to carry a bit, assigning additional bits to sub-bands with otherwise insufficient power margins to carry a single bit, by frequency-domain-spreading a single bit across several sub-bands at correspondingly reduced power levels, to permit the otherwise unacceptable noise levels to be reduced on average by despreading at the receiving end. Another feature of the invention, applicable in an environment in which multiple interfering channels are employed, provides increased signal throughput by (3) transmitting coherently in a number of multitone sub-bands, identical blocks of data, with the number of multitone sub-bands being equal to a number of interfering channels and multiplying the signal carried by corresponding sub-bands in the separate interfering channels by a different respective vector from an orthonormal basis set so that near-end cross-talk is eliminated upon despreading at the receiving end.
摘要翻译： 通过：（1）根据最低边际功率成本将数据分配给多音频子带，其中功率受功率谱密度掩模和聚合信号功率约束限制的双绞线信号线中的高传输容量 每位方案和（2）在所有比特已经被分配给具有足够的余量以携带一个比特的所有子带的总功率预算之后保持的环境中，将附加比特分配给子带，否则具有不足的功率余量来携带 通过以相应降低的功率电平在几个子带上频域扩频单个位，以允许通过在接收端的解扩来平均地减少不可接受的噪声电平。 可应用于采用多个干扰信道的环境中的本发明的另一个特征是通过（3）在多个多音频子带，相同的数据块中相干地传输多个子带子带的数量来提供增加的信号吞吐量 等于多个干扰信道，并将来自独立干扰信道的相应子带携带的信号乘以与正交基集合不同的相应向量，使得在接收端解扩时消除近端串扰。
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5.发明授权Coefficient computation in image compression using set partitioning in hierarchical trees 失效在分层树中使用集分割的图像压缩中的系数计算公开(公告)号：US06885774B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US09872810
申请日：2001-06-04
CPC分类号： G06T9/007
摘要： An improved method is disclosed for the encoding phase for Wavelet-based compression of digital data representing an object or image. Subband decomposition transforms the data into hierarchical tree data. Two terms are precomputed: the highest bit-plane in which any descendant of a node v has a non-zero bit (B1(v) and the highest bit-plane in which any indirect descendant (grandchild and beyond) becomes significant (B2(v). Node traversal is initiated but its extent is limited by a fixed bit-budget. The number of bits emitted by a node as a function of the bit-plane are counted through to the last bit-plane which exhausts the bit-budget. The user can predetermine the coefficient, bit-plane and specific bit at which the algorithm will halt. The tree structure is read only once, thus greatly accelereating the encoding and reducing the memory reference rate by a factor of 2 or more. Accumulators for each of the stacked bit-planes are provided which are incremented as each said Wavelet coefficient is produced, by the number of bits that the coefficient adds to the relevant bit-plane.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于编码阶段的改进方法，用于基于用于表示对象或图像的数字数据的基于小波的压缩。 子带分解将数据转换为分层树数据。 两个术语是预先计算的：节点v的任何后代具有非零位（B <1>（v））和任何间接后代（孙子）的最高位平面的最高位平面 节点遍历被启动，但其范围受到固定比特预算的限制，由节点发射的比特数作为比特率的函数， 平面被计数到排除比特预算的最后一个位平面，用户可以预先确定算法停止的系数，位平面和特定位，树结构只读一次，从而大大增加了编码 并且将存储器参考速率降低2倍或更多倍，提供每个堆叠位平面的累加器，其随着每个所述小波系数的产生而递增，该系数加到相关位 - 飞机
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公开(公告)号：US06693903B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-17
申请号：US09338661
申请日：1999-06-23
IPC分类号： H04L1250
CPC分类号： H04Q11/06 , H04B7/18515 , H04Q2213/1302 , H04Q2213/1304 , H04Q2213/13103 , H04Q2213/13215 , H04Q2213/13292 , H04Q2213/1332 , H04Q2213/1334 , H04Q2213/13393
摘要： A circuit switched switching system and method includes a plurality of matrix transposition memories. The memories permute the order of incoming and outgoing data, and thereby increase the efficiency of the switch. The switch and matrix transposition memories may be disposed in a satellite. The switch may further include batching circuits for grouping together data from a single terminal device for more efficient transmission through the switch and for more efficient error correction.
摘要翻译： 电路交换切换系统和方法包括多个矩阵转置存储器。 存储器使输入和输出数据的顺序排列，从而提高开关的效率。 开关和矩阵转置存储器可以设置在卫星中。 开关还可以包括用于将来自单个终端设备的数据分组在一起的用于通过开关的更有效的传输并用于更有效的纠错的批量电路。
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7.发明授权Wavelet-based compression of images for storage, transmission and reconstruction using hierarchical subband decomposition 有权基于小波的压缩图像进行存储，传输和重建使用分层子带分解公开(公告)号：US06549673B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09429467
申请日：1999-10-28
IPC分类号： G06K946
CPC分类号： G06T9/007
摘要： Data compression achieved by set partitioning of hierarchical trees is made more efficient by a family of related traversal schemes which act upon the tree structure and the significance values derived from the tree structure. The tree structure may be traversed in any of a number of sequences. In accordance with significance tests applied to the node data, bits are produced or not. The order in which the bits are produced may be freely chosen. Trees are traversed and bits are emitted which describe the relative magnitude of coefficients in the sub-trees of the current tree-node. The manner of traversal can either be known to the remote decoder or can be derived from the incoming data stream. The encoding scheme typically specifies all bits emitted by a given node v as a function of the traversal of its parents, the bit-plane b, the coefficient value c of v, the significances B1(v) and B2(v), and whether the parent node p still emits B2(p).
摘要翻译： 通过对树结构作用的一系列相关遍历方案和从树结构导出的重要性值，使分层树的集合分割实现的数据压缩更加有效。 树结构可以以多个序列中的任何一个遍历。 根据应用于节点数据的显着性测试，产生或不产生位。 可以自由选择产生位的顺序。 遍历遍历树，并且发射位，其描述当前树节点的子树中的系数的相对幅度。 远程解码器可以知道遍历的方式，也可以从输入的数据流中导出。 编码方案通常将给定节点v发出的所有比特指定为其父节点遍历，位平面b，v的系数值c，意义B1（v）和B2（v）的函数，以及是否 父节点p仍然发送B2（p）。
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公开(公告)号：US06788820B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US09432749
申请日：1999-11-03
IPC分类号： G06K946
摘要： A multi-stage wavelet transform of an image signal is implementing using a first processing element to perform computations for a first stage of the transform, and a second processing element operating in a time-multiplexed manner to perform computations for subsequent stages of the transform. The first processing element includes first and second adder trees for implementing horizontal and vertical filtering operations, respectively, and a set of row buffers configured such that the total number of row buffers is only one more than the number of pixels required to generate a given vertically-filtered output. In a four-stage illustrative embodiment in which the first processing element processes image pixel data at a sample rate of fs, the multi-stage processing element receives inputs from the first stage processing element at a sample rate of fs/4, and generates coefficients for the second, third and fourth stages using sample rates of fs/16, fs/64 and fs/256, respectively. The particular number of stages may be considered a design parameter, and other embodiments may have more or less than four stages. In accordance with the invention, operations performed by the first stage processing element correspond to lowest-level nodes of a binary tree representation of a processing schedule for the multi-stage wavelet transform, and the operations performed by the multi-stage processing element correspond to the remaining nodes of the binary tree representation.
摘要翻译： 图像信号的多级小波变换是利用第一处理单元进行的，以进行变换的第一阶段的计算，以及第二处理单元，其以时间复用方式进行操作，以对后续的变换阶段进行计算。 第一处理元件包括分别用于实现水平和垂直滤波操作的第一和第二加法器树，以及一组行缓冲器，其被配置为使得行缓冲器的总数量比生成给定垂直所需的像素数量多一个 过滤输出。 在其中第一处理元件以fs的采样率处理图像像素数据的四级说明性实施例中，多级处理元件以fs / 4的采样率从第一级处理元件接收输入，并且产生系数 对于第二，第三和第四阶段，采样率分别为fs / 16，fs / 64和fs / 256。 阶段的具体数量可以被认为是设计参数，并且其他实施例可以具有多于或少于四个阶段。 根据本发明，由第一级处理单元执行的操作对应于用于多级小波变换的处理调度的二叉树表示的最低级节点，并且由多级处理单元执行的操作对应于 二叉树表示的剩余节点。
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公开(公告)号：US06418161B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-09
申请号：US09864241
申请日：2001-05-25
IPC分类号： H04B138
CPC分类号： H04L27/2608
摘要： High transmission capacity in a twisted pair signal line, where power is limited by a power spectral-density mask and an aggregate signal power constraint, is obtained by: (1) allocating data to multitone sub-bands according to a lowest marginal power-cost per bit scheme and (2) in an environment where an aggregate power budget remains after all bits have been allocated to all sub-bands with sufficient margins to carry a bit, assigning additional bits to sub-bands with otherwise insufficient power margins to carry a single bit, by frequency-domain-spreading a single bit across several sub-bands at correspondingly reduced power levels, to permit the otherwise unacceptable noise levels to be reduced on average by despreading at the receiving end. Another feature of the invention, applicable in an environment in which multiple interfering channels are employed, provides increased signal throughput by (3) transmitting coherently in a number of multitone sub-bands, identical blocks of data, with the number of multitone sub-bands being equal to a number of interfering channels and multiplying the signal carried by corresponding sub-bands in the separate interfering channels by a different respective vector from an orthonormal basis set so that near-end cross-talk is eliminated upon despreading at the receiving end.
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公开(公告)号：US07920571B1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-05
申请号：US10745857
申请日：2003-12-26
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04Q11/06 , H04B7/18515 , H04Q2213/1302 , H04Q2213/1304 , H04Q2213/13103 , H04Q2213/13215 , H04Q2213/13292 , H04Q2213/1332 , H04Q2213/1334 , H04Q2213/13393
摘要： A circuit switched switching system and method includes a plurality of matrix transposition memories. The memories permute the order of incoming and outgoing data, and thereby increase the efficiency of the switch. The switch and matrix transposition memories may be disposed in a satellite. The switch may further include batching circuits for grouping together data from a single terminal device for more efficient transmission through the switch and for more efficient error correction.
摘要翻译： 电路交换切换系统和方法包括多个矩阵转置存储器。 存储器使输入和输出数据的顺序排列，从而提高开关的效率。 开关和矩阵转置存储器可以设置在卫星中。 开关还可以包括用于将来自单个终端设备的数据分组在一起的用于通过开关的更有效的传输并用于更有效的纠错的批量电路。
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