公开(公告)号：US10065915B2

公开(公告)日：2018-09-04

申请号：US15474837

申请日：2017-03-30

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Federico Jesus Jimenez Cruz ,  Celia Marin Rosas ,  Luis Carlos Castaneda Lopez ,  Rogelio Hernandez Suarez ,  Javier Esteban Rodriguez Rodriguez ,  Maria del Carmen Martinez Guerrero ,  Florentino Rafael Murrieta Guevara ,  Alicia del Rayo Jaramillo Jacob

IPC: C07C67/02 ,  C11C3/00 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J27/16 ,  B01J27/18 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/02 ,  B01J27/053 ,  B01J35/10

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of biodiesel and alkyl esters by the transesterification of triglyceride esters, with alcohols in heterogeneous phase in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts, with yields higher than 80%, at a temperature from 0 to 300° C., residence time from 20 minutes to 20 h, space velocity of 0.1 to 10 h−1, pressure of 25-100 kg/cm2 (24.5-98.07 bar), methanol/oil molar ratio of 10 to 40 and catalyst concentration of 0.001 to 20 weight % based on tri-, di- or monoglyceride. The method produces biodiesel and alkyl esters by transesterification of tri-, di- or mono-glycerides, from palm, jatropha, castor, soybean and sunflower oils, wherein the alcohoxyls R1O, R2O and R3O of the glycerides are C1 to C24 and a C1-C4 alcohol, such as methanol, in an alcohol:oil ratio from 3:1 to 50:1. The transesterification reaction produces biodiesel while avoiding loss of catalyst, contaminating liquid effluents and eliminating undesirable hydrolysis of triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides into free fatty acids and saponification that generate soaps.

公开(公告)号：US11896954B2

公开(公告)日：2024-02-13

申请号：US17350468

申请日：2021-06-17

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Federico Jesus Jimenez Cruz ,  Jose Luis Garcia Gutierrez ,  Jose Francisco Gaspar Silva Sanchez ,  Liliana Alejandra Astudillo Lopez Lena ,  Fidencio Hernandez Perez ,  Alberto Cabrales Torres ,  Maria Del Carmen Martinez Guerrero ,  Marco Antonio Dominguez Aguilar ,  Arturo Trejo Rodriguez ,  Florentino Rafael Murrieta Guevara

IPC: B01J20/285 ,  B01D53/02 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/28 ,  B01J20/30

CPC classification number: B01J20/285 ,  B01D53/02 ,  B01D53/025 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/2808 ,  B01J20/28021 ,  B01J20/3078 ,  B01J20/3085 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2256/10 ,  B01D2257/304 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2257/7025

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of microporous carbon materials to perform selective separations of nitrogen in gas mixtures such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane and C2, C3 and C4+ hydrocarbons, with high efficiency, shaped of microspheres or cylinders from copolymers of poly (vinylidene chloride-co-methyl acrylate) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm3 or poly (vinylidene chloride-co-vinyl chloride) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm3, using two stages. The first stage consists of a surface passivation of the material by chemical attack in a highly alkaline alcohol solution, with the aim of effecting a precarbonization on the surface of the copolymer that during the pyrolysis process is not deformed and gradually develops microporosity. The material of the first stage presents, in the layer, percentages between 55% to 85% carbon, between 5% to 20% oxygen, and between 10% to 40% chlorine. The interior of the material presents lower percentages of carbon, between 30% to 65%, oxygen in the amount of between 2% to 6%, and chlorine in the amount of between 30% to 60%. The second stage consists of the gradual pyrolysis of the passivated copolymer, with the aim of developing microporosity and high surface area values; as well as during the melting and gas dehydrohalogenation stages thereof, the deformation of the material is avoided. The morphology of the copolymers are microspheres of 125 to 225 micrometers, or cylinders of 4 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter, which after pyrolysis reduce its size by 35% with respect to the initial one. The material of the second stage, which is already microporous carbon material, presents in the layer percentages between 90% to 100% carbon and between 10% to 0% oxygen.

公开(公告)号：US11059027B2

公开(公告)日：2021-07-13

申请号：US16146502

申请日：2018-09-28

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Federico Jesus Jimenez Cruz ,  Jose Luis Garcia Gutierrez ,  Jose Francisco Gaspar Silva Sanchez ,  Liliana Alejandra Astudillo Lopez Lena ,  Fidencio Hernandez Perez ,  Alberto Cabrales Torres ,  Maria del Carmen Martinez Guerrero ,  Marco Antonio Dominguez Aguilar ,  Arturo Trejo Rodriguez ,  Florentino Rafael Murrieta Guevara

IPC: B01J20/285 ,  B01D53/02 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/28 ,  B01J20/30

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of microporous carbon materials to perform selective separations of nitrogen in gas mixtures such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane and C2, C3 and C4+ hydrocarbons, with high efficiency, shaped of microspheres or cylinders from copolymers of poly (vinylidene chloride-co-methyl acrylate) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm3 or poly (vinylidene chloride-co-vinyl chloride) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm3, using two stages. The first stage consists of a surface passivation of the material by chemical attack in a highly alkaline alcohol solution, with the aim of effecting a precarbonization on the surface of the copolymer that during the pyrolysis process is not deformed and gradually develops microporosity. The material of the first stage presents, in the layer, percentages between 55% to 85% carbon, between 5% to 20% oxygen, and between 10% to 40% chlorine. The interior of the material presents lower percentages of carbon, between 30% to 65%, oxygen in the amount of between 2% to 6%, and chlorine in the amount of between 30% to 60%. The second stage consists of the gradual pyrolysis of the passivated copolymer, with the aim of developing microporosity and high surface area values; as well as during the melting and gas dehydrohalogenation stages thereof, the deformation of the material is avoided. The morphology of the copolymers are microspheres of 125 to 225 micrometers, or cylinders of 4 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter, which after pyrolysis reduce its size by 35% with respect to the initial one. The material of the second stage, which is already microporous carbon material, presents in the layer percentages between 90% to 100% carbon and between 10% to 0% oxygen.

公开(公告)号：US09999874B2

公开(公告)日：2018-06-19

申请号：US15474795

申请日：2017-03-30

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Federico Jesus Jimenez Cruz ,  Celia Marin Rosas ,  Luis Carlos Castaneda Lopez ,  Rogelio Hernandez Suarez ,  Javier Esteban Rodriguez Rodriguez ,  Maria del Carmen Martinez Guerrero ,  Florentino Rafael Murrieta Guevara ,  Alicia del Rayo Jaramillo Jacob

IPC: B01J27/182 ,  B01J27/18 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J35/00 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/00 ,  B01J37/08 ,  C11C3/04

CPC classification number: B01J27/1806 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/007 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J27/1808 ,  B01J27/1811 ,  B01J35/0006 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0018 ,  B01J37/033 ,  B01J37/036 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/086 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B25/45 ,  C01F7/043 ,  C01F7/76 ,  C01P2004/60 ,  C01P2006/11 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/14 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  C11C3/04 ,  C11C3/10 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  B01J2523/11 ,  B01J2523/22 ,  B01J2523/31 ,  B01J2523/51 ,  B01J2523/47 ,  B01J2523/62

Abstract: The present invention relates to heterogeneous acid catalysts comprising or consisting of mixed metal salts, of lithium and aluminum phosphates and sulfates, and combinations with metallic cations, such as magnesium, titanium, zinc, zirconium and gallium, to provide adequate Lewis acidity; organic or inorganic porosity promoters, such as polysaccharides; and agglomerates, such as clays, kaolin and metal oxides of the type MxOy, where; M=Al, Mg, Sr, Zr or Ti, and other metals of groups IA, IIA and IVB, x=1 or 2 and y=2 or 3, for the formation of particles. A process is disclosed for obtaining from the catalyst by the hydrolysis of aluminum lithium hydride with water and oxygenated solvent, such as an ether. The catalysts are used in batch reactor and continuous flow systems in reactions that require moderate Lewis acidity, such as refining, petrochemical and general chemistry, including the transesterification of glycerides to produce alkyl esters.