公开(公告)号：US4890902A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-02

申请号：US159223

申请日：1988-02-23

申请人： J. William Doane ,  Eugene P. Wenninger ,  John West ,  Bao-Gang Wu

发明人： J. William Doane ,  Eugene P. Wenninger ,  John West ,  Bao-Gang Wu

IPC分类号： C09K19/54 ,  G02F1/1334

CPC分类号： C09K19/544 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  Y10T428/249997

摘要： A light modulating material comprising phase-separated microdroplets of liquid crystal in a light transmissive, synthetic resin matrix wherein the index of refraction n.sub.p of the matrix is matched or mismatched to an index of refraction N.sub.o of the liquid crystal optical axis of the microdroplets so that when the microdroplet director is aligned relative to a surface of the material, maximum transmission of light occurs at a selected oblique angle relative to the surface of the material or at a selected narrow angle about the perpendicular to the surface of the material. Such matching or mismatching of indices of refraction may be accompanied by phase separation in an external magnetic or electric field, or by shaping the liquid crystal microdroplet into an ovoid or the like during or after phase separation to align the microdroplet directors thereby endowing the material with a permanent and movable viewing angle. One or more sheets of the improved light modulating material may be incorporated into a window or an electrooptic display device to provide angularly discriminating windows or displays that are transparent or visible only at selected angles of view and that are opague at other angles of view.

摘要翻译： 一种光调制材料，其在透光合成树脂基体中包含相分离的液晶微滴，其中基质的折射率np与微滴的液晶光轴的折射率No匹配或失配，使得 当微滴导向器相对于材料的表面对准时，光的最大透射以相对于材料表面选择的倾斜角度或围绕垂直于材料表面的选定窄角发生。 这种折射率的匹配或不匹配可能伴随着外部磁场或电场中的相分离，或者通过在相分离期间或之后将液晶微滴成形为卵形等，以使微滴导向器对准，从而赋予材料以 永久和可移动的视角。 改进的光调制材料的一个或多个片可以结合到窗口或电光显示装置中，以提供仅在选定的视角是透明或可见的角度识别的窗口或显示器，并且在其它视角上是相互联系的。

公开(公告)号：US4671618A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-09

申请号：US879327

申请日：1986-06-27

申请人： Bao-Gang Wu ,  J. William Doane

发明人： Bao-Gang Wu ,  J. William Doane

IPC分类号： C09K19/54 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： C09K19/544 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： The invention provides a new liquid crystal-plastic display material having submillisecond switching times and an electrooptic bistable memory. The material comprises microdroplets of liquid crystal dispersed in a plastic matrix, the liquid crystal being present in an amount of at least 50% by weight. The material is prepared by the phase separation of a homogeneous solution of liquid crystal and synthetic polymer. Phase separation results in a liquid crystalline rich phase in the form of microdroplets and a plastic rich phase containing dissolved liquid crystal in solid solution with the plastic. The dissolved liquid crystal alters refractive index and the dielectric properties of the polymer, and lowers the temperature at which the plastic softens, making possible the fabrication of liquid crystal display materials having submillisecond switching rates and transparencies on the order of 90% and further having sufficiently high resistivity and permittivity so as to act as capacitors to maintain images for extended bistable memory.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了具有亚毫秒切换时间和电光双稳态存储器的新的液晶显示材料。 该材料包括分散在塑料基质中的液晶的微滴，液晶以至少50重量％的量存在。 该材料通过液相和合成聚合物的均相溶液的相分离制备。 相分离导致微滴形式的液晶富相和含有溶解液晶的塑料富含相与固体溶液中的塑料。 溶解的液晶改变了聚合物的折射率和介电性能，降低了塑料软化的温度，使具有亚毫秒切换速率和透明度的液晶显示材料的制造成为90％左右，并且还具有足够的 高电阻率和介电常数，以充当电容器，以维持扩展的双稳态存储器的图像。

公开(公告)号：US20090096942A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-16

申请号：US12220805

申请日：2008-07-29

申请人： Tod L. Schneider ,  Erica Montbach ,  J. William Doane

发明人： Tod L. Schneider ,  Erica Montbach ,  J. William Doane

IPC分类号： G02F1/1335

CPC分类号： G02F1/13718 ,  B43L1/00 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/13475 ,  G02F2001/13478

摘要： An electronic writing tablet is composed of one or more layers on which an image is formed and can be selectively erased. One aspect of the invention is a bistable cholesteric writing tablet on which an image is formed while applying writing pressure. The image can be fully erased and new images written on the tablet. In addition, one can selectively erase any or all portions of the written image to restore the original background color. Another aspect of the invention is a multi-color stacked writing tablet in which a color of an image is selected (usually by applying a suitable voltage) while applying writing pressure using an instrument such as an untethered stylus on the surface of the tablet. The writing tablet includes at least two or three stacked layers of bistable cholesteric liquid crystal material. Selected colors can be additively mixed to achieve intermediate colors as desired. The image can be fully erased and new images written on the tablet. In addition, one can selectively erase any or all portions of the written image to restore the original background color.

摘要翻译： 电子书写板由一层或多层构成，其上形成图像并且可以选择性地擦除。 本发明的一个方面是一种双稳态胆甾型写字板，在施加书写压力的同时形成图像。 图像可以完全擦除，并在平板电脑上写入新的图像。 此外，可以选择性地擦除书写图像的任何或所有部分以恢复原始背景颜色。 本发明的另一方面是一种多色堆叠书写片，其中通过在片剂的表面上使用诸如无钉触针的仪器在施加书写压力的同时选择图像的颜色（通常通过施加合适的电压）。 书写片剂包括双稳态胆甾型液晶材料的至少两层或三层叠层。 选择的颜色可以被加法混合以达到所需的中间颜色。 图像可以完全擦除，并在平板电脑上写入新的图像。 此外，可以选择性地擦除书写图像的任何或所有部分以恢复原始背景颜色。

公开(公告)号：US20070126674A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-07

申请号：US10587548

申请日：2005-01-28

申请人： J. William Doane ,  Asad Khan ,  Irina Shiyanovskaya

发明人： J. William Doane ,  Asad Khan ,  Irina Shiyanovskaya

IPC分类号： G09G3/36

CPC分类号： B32B27/00 ,  B32B2307/202 ,  B32B2457/202 ,  B44C1/105 ,  G02F1/133305 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/13476 ,  G02F1/13718 ,  G02F2001/13478 ,  G02F2001/13613

摘要： The present invention relates to a display film that may be transferred by lamination or otherwise onto a substrate. The display film is formed of a stack of layers that can include different types, arrangements, and functionality within the stack depending upon factors including the characteristics of the substrate (e.g., upper or lower, transparent or opaque, substrates) and addressing of the display (e.g., active or passive matrix, electrical or optical addressing). The layers of the stacked display film include one or more electrode layers and one or more liquid crystal layers and, in addition, may include various combinations of an adhesive layer, preparation layer, casting layer, light absorbing layer, insulation layers, and protective layers. The liquid crystal layer can include cholesteric or other liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal layer can be a dispersion of liquid crystal in a polymer matrix formed by a variety of techniques. The display film may interact with components mounted on or laminated to the substrate, including a solar cell, active matrix backplane and electrodes. The display film may be mounted onto flexible or drapable substrates such as fabric and can itself be drapable. Thus, the invention offers substantial flexibility in fabrication and design that has not been previously possible in the display industry.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及可以通过层压或其它方式转移到基底上的显示膜。 显示膜由堆叠形成，其可以包括堆叠内的不同类型，布置和功能，这取决于包括衬底的特性（例如，上或下，透明或不透明的衬底）和显示器的寻址的因素 （例如，有源或无源矩阵，电或光寻址）。 堆叠显示膜的层包括一个或多个电极层和一个或多个液晶层，并且还可以包括粘合剂层，制备层，浇铸层，光吸收层，绝缘层和保护层的各种组合 。 液晶层可以包括胆甾型或其它液晶材料。 液晶层可以是通过各种技术形成的聚合物基质中液晶的分散体。 显示膜可以与安装在基板上或层叠在基板上的部件相互作用，包括太阳能电池，有源矩阵背板和电极。 显示膜可以安装在诸如织物的柔性或可悬垂的基底上，并且本身可以是悬垂的。 因此，本发明在制造和设计方面提供了在显示器行业中以前不可能的巨大灵活性。

公开(公告)号：US06532052B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-11

申请号：US09378830

申请日：1999-08-23

申请人： Asad A. Khan ,  Xiao-Yang Huang ,  J. William Doane ,  Gene A. Miceli ,  Donald J. Davis

发明人： Asad A. Khan ,  Xiao-Yang Huang ,  J. William Doane ,  Gene A. Miceli ,  Donald J. Davis

IPC分类号： G02F11335

CPC分类号： G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F1/133555 ,  G02F1/133723 ,  G02F1/13718 ,  G02F2001/133541 ,  G02F2001/133738 ,  G02F2001/133757

摘要： The present invention is directed to a cholesteric liquid crystal display that includes a homogeneous alignment surface effective to provide increased brightness, low focal conic reflectance and/or reflected light treat is to a significant degree circularly polarized. The homogeneous alignment surface substantially homogeneously aligns the liquid crystal director adjacent thereto. The homogeneous alignment surface may be disposed on one or both sides of a cell of the display. In the case of a cell in which the homogeneous alignment surface is disposed on only one side, the substrate with the inhomogeneous alignment surface may be upstream or downstream of the substrate with the homogeneous alignment surface relative to a direction of incident light. Also included especially in the case of a cell that has the homogeneous alignment surface on both sides is the use of a polarizer to provide very good brightness and low focal conic reflectance. Such a cell may employ an alignment layer material with a high pretilt angle. A stacked display may be produced including at least one cell with at least one homogeneous alignment surface. In particular, a stacked cell display may include a lower cell with two homogeneous alignment surfaces and an upper cell in which the top side has an inhomogeneous alignment surface and the bottom side has a homogeneous alignment surface. The present invention achieves any one or combinations of the above features through the use of the homogeneous alignment surface produced with a predetermined alignment layer material and predetermined alignment conditions. The invention also includes a method of making the inventive display and the stacked inventive display.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种胆甾醇型液晶显示器，其包括有效提供增加的亮度，低焦圆锥反射率和/或反射光的均匀取向表面，其处理程度是圆度极化的显着程度。 均匀取向表面基本均匀地排列与其相邻的液晶指向器。 均匀排列表面可以设置在显示器的单元的一侧或两侧。 在均匀排列表面仅设置在一侧的单元的情况下，具有不均匀取向表面的基板可以在基板的上游或下游，具有相对于入射光的方向的均匀取向表面。 特别是在具有两侧具有均匀取向表面的电池的情况下，使用偏振器提供非常好的亮度和低焦点二次曲线反射率。 这样的电池可以采用具有高预倾角的取向层材料。 可以生产堆叠的显示器，其包括具有至少一个均匀对准表面的至少一个单元。 特别地，层叠电池显示器可以包括具有两个均匀对准表面的下电池和上电池，其中顶侧具有不均匀的配向表面，并且底侧具有均匀的对准表面。 本发明通过使用由预定取向层材料制成的均匀取向表面和预定的取向条件来实现上述特征中的任何一种或组合。 本发明还包括制造本发明的显示器和叠层的本发明显示器的方法。

公开(公告)号：US6104448A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

申请号：US465192

申请日：1999-12-15

申请人： J. William Doane ,  Deng-Ke Yang ,  Liang-Chy Chien

发明人： J. William Doane ,  Deng-Ke Yang ,  Liang-Chy Chien

IPC分类号： C09K19/02 ,  C09K19/54 ,  C09K19/58 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/137

CPC分类号： G02F1/13718 ,  C09K19/02 ,  C09K19/542 ,  C09K19/586 ,  G02F1/0131 ,  G02F2001/13775

摘要： A new liquid crystalline light modulating cell and material are characterized by liquid crystalline light modulating material of liquid crystal and polymer, the liquid crystal being a chiral nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy and including chiral material in an amount effective to form focal conic and twisted planar textures, the polymer being distributed in phase separated domains in the liquid crystal cell in an amount that permits the liquid crystal to change textures upon the application of a field and ruggedizes the structure. In still another embodiment, the material exhibits stability at zero field in a colored, light reflecting state, a light scattering state and multiple stable reflecting state therebetween, as well as being optically clear in the presence of a field. In yet another embodiment, the application of mechanical force to the cell changes the material from an optically clear state to a light reflecting state.

摘要翻译： 新型液晶光调制元件和材料的特征在于液晶和聚合物的液晶光调制材料，液晶是具有正介电各向异性的手性向列液晶，并且包括有效形成焦圆锥和扭曲的量的手性材料 平面纹理，聚合物在液晶单元中以相分离的畴分布，其量允许液晶在施加场合时改变纹理并且使结构坚固化。 在另一个实施方案中，该材料在彩色光反射状态下的零场稳定性，在其间具有光散射状态和多个稳定的反射状态，以及在场的存在下光学清晰。 在另一个实施例中，向电池施加机械力将材料从光学透明状态改变为光反射状态。

公开(公告)号：US20120273725A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-01

申请号：US13456622

申请日：2012-04-26

申请人： Donald R. Diehl ,  Thomas Welter ,  Erica N. Montbach ,  J. William Doane ,  Nithya Venkataraman

发明人： Donald R. Diehl ,  Thomas Welter ,  Erica N. Montbach ,  J. William Doane ,  Nithya Venkataraman

IPC分类号： C07D321/12 ,  C09K19/20 ,  C07D321/10 ,  C07D321/00 ,  C07D493/04

CPC分类号： C09K19/586 ,  C09K19/588 ,  Y10T428/10 ,  Y10T428/1036

摘要： A liquid crystal composition comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by the following formula: wherein: R1, R2 are independently aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkoxy, NHCOR7, NHSO2R7, COOR7, OCOR7, aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine with either R1 or R2 to form a carbocylic or heterocyclic ring; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, CH2, CH, alkyl or aryl either substituted or unsubstituted, COOR7, or combine with L to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R7 is aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted; L is the non-metallic elements required to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, or a single bond or a double bond; m is 1-3; n is 0-12.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶组合物，其包含由下式表示的手性掺杂剂化合物：其中：R 1，R 2独立地为取代或未取代的芳基，烷基，烯基，环烷基，烷氧基芳基，烷芳基或杂环，或组合形成碳环或杂环 ; R 3和R 4独立地为氢，卤素，氰基，烷氧基，NHCOR 7，NHSO 2 R 7，COOR 7，OCOR 7，芳基，烷基，烯基，环烷基，烷氧基芳基，烷芳基或杂环，均为取代或未取代的，或与R 1或R 2结合形成 碳环或杂环; R 5和R 6独立地是氢，CH 2，CH，被取代或未取代的COOR 7的烷基或芳基，或与L结合以形成碳环或杂环; R7是芳基，烷基，烯基，环烷基，烷氧基芳基或杂环，全部是取代或未取代的; L是形成碳环或杂环或单键或双键所需的非金属元素; m为1-3; n为0-12。

公开(公告)号：US6061107A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US852589

申请日：1997-05-07

申请人： Deng-Ke Yang ,  Zhijian Lu ,  J. William Doane

发明人： Deng-Ke Yang ,  Zhijian Lu ,  J. William Doane

IPC分类号： G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1339

CPC分类号： G02F1/13718 ,  G02F1/1334

摘要： Polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal dispersions are provided in which the liquid crystal phase separated from the polymer matrix to form droplets. The cholesteric liquid crystals were positive dielectric anisotropic. At a zero field condition, the liquid crystal in the droplets was bistable, that is, the liquid crystal can be in either the reflecting planar state or the scattering focal conic state. When the liquid crystal 101 was in the planar texture, the helical axis of the liquid crystal was more or less perpendicular to the cell surface; colored light 105 was Bragg reflected. When the liquid crystal 101 was in the focal conic texture, the helical axis was more or less parallel to the cell surface, incident light was scattering 106 in the forward direction.

摘要翻译： 提供聚合物/胆甾型液晶分散体，其中液晶相与聚合物基质分离形成液滴。 胆固醇液晶呈正介电各向异性。 在零场条件下，液滴中的液晶是双稳态的，即液晶可以处于反射平面状态或散射焦锥状态。 当液晶101处于平面结构时，液晶的螺旋轴或多或少垂直于单元表面; 彩色灯105被布拉格反射。 当液晶101处于焦锥状纹理时，螺旋轴或多或少地平行于单元表面，入射光向前方散射106。

公开(公告)号：US5093735A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

申请号：US582239

申请日：1990-09-13

申请人： J. William Doane ,  John L. West

发明人： J. William Doane ,  John L. West

IPC分类号： G02F1/1334

CPC分类号： G02F1/1334

摘要： An infrared modulating material comprising a first infrared transmissive phase dispersed in a second infrared transmissive phase. One of the phases comprises a liquid crystal phase and the other comprises a medium phase. The liquid crystal phase has an ordinary index of refraction for infrared radiation matched to an index of refraction of the medium for infrared radiation so that infrared radiation is scattered by the material in the absence of an external field and transmitted in the presence of an external field. In addition, the dispersed first phase has a feature size matched to a range of wavelengths of infrared radiation to be modulated so as to enhance the scattering of the radiation by the material in the absence of an applied field.

摘要翻译： 一种红外调制材料，包括分散在第二红外透射相中的第一红外透射相。 一个相包括液晶相，另一个包括中间相。 液晶相具有与用于红外辐射的介质的折射率匹配的红外辐射的常规折射率，使得在没有外部场的情况下红外辐射被材料散射并在存在外部场的情况下传输 。 此外，分散的第一相具有与要调制的红外辐射的波长范围相匹配的特征尺寸，以便在没有施加场的情况下增强材料的辐射散射。

公开(公告)号：US08691111B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-08

申请号：US13456622

申请日：2012-04-26

申请人： Donald R. Diehl ,  Thomas Welter ,  Erica N. Montbach ,  J. William Doane ,  Nithya Venkataraman

发明人： Donald R. Diehl ,  Thomas Welter ,  Erica N. Montbach ,  J. William Doane ,  Nithya Venkataraman

IPC分类号： C09K19/34 ,  C09K19/52 ,  C09K19/06 ,  C09K19/32 ,  C09K19/20 ,  C09K19/00 ,  C07D321/00 ,  C07D493/00 ,  C07D313/00 ,  C07D323/00

CPC分类号： C09K19/586 ,  C09K19/588 ,  Y10T428/10 ,  Y10T428/1036

摘要： A liquid crystal composition comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by the following formula: wherein: R1, R2 are independently aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkoxy, NHCOR7, NHSO2R7, COOR7, OCOR7, aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine with either R1 or R2 to form a carbocylic or heterocyclic ring; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, CH2, CH, alkyl or aryl either substituted or unsubstituted, COOR7, or combine with L to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R7 is aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted; L is the non-metallic elements required to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, or a single bond or a double bond; m is 1-3; n is 0-12.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶组合物，其包含由下式表示的手性掺杂剂化合物：其中：R 1，R 2独立地为取代或未取代的芳基，烷基，烯基，环烷基，烷氧基芳基，烷芳基或杂环，或组合形成碳环或杂环 ; R 3和R 4独立地为氢，卤素，氰基，烷氧基，NHCOR 7，NHSO 2 R 7，COOR 7，OCOR 7，芳基，烷基，烯基，环烷基，烷氧基芳基，烷芳基或杂环，均为取代或未取代的，或与R 1或R 2结合形成 碳环或杂环; R 5和R 6独立地是氢，CH 2，CH，被取代或未取代的COOR 7的烷基或芳基，或与L结合以形成碳环或杂环; R7是芳基，烷基，烯基，环烷基，烷氧基芳基或杂环，全部是取代或未取代的; L是形成碳环或杂环或单键或双键所需的非金属元素; m为1-3; n为0-12。