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公开(公告)号：US4677636A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US790594
申请日：1985-10-23
CPC分类号： H01S3/09716 , H01S3/0057 , H01S3/073 , H01S3/2366
摘要： A multiple pulse electric discharge gas laser system is described in which a plurality of pulsed electric discharge gas lasers are supported in a common housing. Each laser is supplied with excitation pulses from a separate power supply. A controller, which may be a microprocessor, is connected to each power supply for controlling the application of excitation pulses to each laser so that the lasers can be fired simultaneously or in any desired sequence. The output light beams from the individual lasers may be combined or utilized independently, depending upon the desired application. The individual lasers may include multiple pairs of discharge electrodes with a separate power supply connected across each electrode pair so that multiple light output beams can be generated from a single laser tube and combined or utilized separately.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种多脉冲放电气体激光器系统，其中多个脉冲放电气体激光器被支撑在公共壳体中。 每个激光器都提供有来自独立电源的激励脉冲。 可以是微处理器的控制器连接到每个电源，以控制对每个激光器的激励脉冲的应用，使得激光器可以同时或以任何期望的顺序被激发。 取决于所需的应用，来自各个激光器的输出光束可以被独立地组合或利用。 单个激光器可以包括多对放电电极，其具有连接在每个电极对上的单独的电源，使得可以从单个激光管产生多个光输出光束并单独组合或使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4088965A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US704180
申请日：1976-07-12
IPC分类号： H01S3/0971 , H01S3/0975 , H01S3/223 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/0975 , H01S3/09713 , H01S3/223
摘要： A helium-nitrogen laser is described in which energy in the visible range is emitted as a result of charge transfer reaction between helium ions and nitrogen molecules. The helium and nitrogen are present in a gas mixture at several atmospheres pressure, with a nitrogen partial pressure on the order of less than one percent. Prior to applying a discharge pulse to the gas mixture at the high pressure by means of a pair of main discharge electrodes, the gas mixture is preionized to prevent arcing when the discharge pulse is applied. The preionization is achieved by the application of a high voltage across a pair of secondary electrodes which are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the spacing direction of the main discharge electrodes and the longitudinal axis of the space in which the gas mixture is contained. Feedback, by means of a pair of appropriately spaced mirrors, is provided, to produce coherent energy pulses at a selected wavelength.
摘要翻译： 描述了氦氮激光器，其中由于氦离子和氮分子之间的电荷转移反应，发射可见光范围内的能量。 氦气和氮气在几个大气压下的气体混合物中存在，氮气分压小于1％。 在通过一对主放电电极在高压下向气体混合物施加放电脉冲之前，先将气体混合物预放电以防止在施加放电脉冲时产生电弧。 通过在垂直于主放电电极的间隔方向的间隔方向和包含气体混合物的空间的纵向轴线间隔开的一对次级电极施加高电压来实现预电离。 通过一对适当间隔的反射镜提供反馈，以产生所选波长的相干能量脉冲。
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公开(公告)号：US4275317A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-23
申请号：US23485
申请日：1979-03-23
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , James B. Laudenslager , Thomas J. Pacala
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , James B. Laudenslager , Thomas J. Pacala
CPC分类号： H01S3/097 , H03K17/80 , H03K2217/0036
摘要： A saturable inductor switch for compressing the width and sharpening the rise time of high voltage pulses from a relatively slow rise time, high voltage generator to an electric discharge gas laser (EDGL). The switch also provides a capability for efficient energy transfer from a high impedance primary source to an intermediate low impedance laser discharge network. More specifically, a saturable inductor switch is positioned with respect to a capacitive storage device, such as a coaxial cable, so that when a charge build-up in the storage device reaches a predetermined level, saturation of the switch inductor releases or switches energy stored in the capacitive storage device to the EDGL. Also disclosed are cascaded saturable inductor switches for providing output pulses having rise times of less than ten nanoseconds as required for efficient excitation of EDGL's, the pulse rise time being determined by the thickness of a high permeability material forming the saturable inductor switch. In addition, a technique for magnetically biasing the saturable inductor switch is disclosed so that only pulses from a pulse generator having one polarity are passed and pulses having the other polarity are blocked, thereby improving the lifetime of electrical components that are sensitive to voltage reversals.
摘要翻译： 一种可饱和电感开关，用于压缩宽度，并将高电压脉冲的上升时间从相对较慢的上升时间，高电压发生器到放电气体激光器（EDGL）进行锐化。 该开关还提供了从高阻抗初级源到中间低阻抗激光放电网络的有效能量传输的能力。 更具体地，可饱和电感器开关相对于诸如同轴电缆的电容性存储装置定位，使得当存储装置中的电荷积聚达到预定水平时，开关电感器的饱和度释放或切换存储的能量 在电容式存储设备中进行EDGL。 还公开了级联可饱和电感器开关，用于提供具有小于10纳秒的上升时间的输出脉冲，用于EDGL的有效激发所需的脉冲上升时间由形成可饱和电感器开关的高磁导率材料的厚度确定。 此外，公开了用于对可饱和电感器开关进行磁偏置的技术，使得仅来自具有一个极性的脉冲发生器的脉冲通过，并且具有另一极性的脉冲被阻挡，从而提高对电压反转敏感的电气部件的寿命。
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公开(公告)号：US20120035637A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-09
申请号：US13274145
申请日：2011-10-14
申请人： Rex O. Bare , Andrew J. Scherer , Timothy J. Payne , Thomas J. Pacala , Mark A. Cox , Douglas C. Williamson
发明人： Rex O. Bare , Andrew J. Scherer , Timothy J. Payne , Thomas J. Pacala , Mark A. Cox , Douglas C. Williamson
IPC分类号： A61F9/007
CPC分类号： A61F9/0133
摘要： A surgical tool includes a surgical blade configured to be moved to form an incision. The surgical tool also includes a wire configured to cause movement of the surgical blade. The surgical tool further includes an actuator configured to shorten a length of the wire to cause the movement of the surgical blade. The surgical tool could be configured to move the surgical blade in a first direction and then in a second direction in response to a single shortening of the wire. Also, the wire could represent a first wire, the surgical tool could include a second wire, and the surgical tool could be configured to move the surgical blade in a first direction in response to shortening the first wire and to move the surgical blade in a second direction in response to shortening the second wire.
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公开(公告)号：US4698518A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-06
申请号：US13803
申请日：1987-02-12
申请人： Thomas J. Pacala
发明人： Thomas J. Pacala
IPC分类号： H01S3/097 , H01S3/0971 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/097 , H01S3/09713
摘要： A laser power supply system is described in which separate pulses are utilized to avalanche ionize the gas within the laser and then produce a sustained discharge to cause the gas to emit light energy. A pulsed voltage source is used to charge a storage device such as a distributed capacitance. A transmission line or other suitable electrical conductor connects the storage device to the laser. A saturable inductor switch is coupled in the transmission line for containing the energy within the storage device until the voltage level across the storage device reaches a predetermined level, which level is less than that required to avalanche ionize the gas. An avalanche ionization pulse-generating circuit is coupled to the laser for generating a high-voltage pulse of sufficient amplitude to avalanche ionize the laser gas. Once the laser gas is avalanche ionized, the energy within the storage device is discharged through the saturable inductor switch into the laser to provide the sustained discharge. The avalanche ionization generating circuit may include a separate voltage source which is connected across the laser or may be in the form of a voltage multiplier circuit connected between the storage device and the laser. A tapered transmission conductor means such as a tapered parallel plate transmission line may be caused to couple one or more saturable inductor switches of one size to a laser of a different size.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种激光供电系统，其中使用单独的脉冲来使激光器内的气体电离，然后产生持续的放电以使气体发射光能。 脉冲电压源用于对诸如分布电容的存储装置进行充电。 传输线或其他合适的电导体将存储装置连接到激光器。 可饱和电感器开关耦合在传输线中，用于在存储装置内容纳能量，直到存储装置两端的电压达到预定水平，该电平小于雪崩将气体电离所需的电平。 雪崩电离脉冲发生电路耦合到激光器，用于产生足够幅度的高电压脉冲以使激光气体离子化。 一旦激光气体被雪崩电离，存储装置内的能量通过可饱和电感器开关放电到激光器中以提供持续放电。 雪崩电离产生电路可以包括连接在激光器上的单独的电压源，或者可以是连接在存储装置和激光器之间的电压倍增器电路的形式。 可以使诸如锥形平行板传输线的锥形传输导体装置将一个或多个一个尺寸的饱和电感器开关耦合到不同大小的激光器。
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公开(公告)号：US20090157109A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-18
申请号：US12260694
申请日：2008-10-29
申请人： Rex O. Bare , Andrew J. Sherer , Timothy J. Payne , Thomas J. Pacala , Mark A. Cox , Douglas C. Williamson
发明人： Rex O. Bare , Andrew J. Sherer , Timothy J. Payne , Thomas J. Pacala , Mark A. Cox , Douglas C. Williamson
IPC分类号： A61F9/007
CPC分类号： A61F9/0133
摘要： A surgical tool includes a surgical blade configured to be moved to form an incision. The surgical tool also includes a wire configured to cause movement of the surgical blade. The surgical tool further includes an actuator configured to shorten a length of the wire to cause the movement of the surgical blade. The surgical tool could be configured to move the surgical blade in a first direction and then in a second direction in response to a single shortening of the wire. Also, the wire could represent a first wire, the surgical tool could include a second wire, and the surgical tool could be configured to move the surgical blade in a first direction in response to shortening the first wire and to move the surgical blade in a second direction in response to shortening the second wire.
摘要翻译： 手术工具包括被配置为移动以形成切口的手术刀片。 手术工具还包括被配置为引起手术刀片的移动的线。 手术工具还包括致动器，该致动器被配置为缩短线的长度以引起外科手术刀片的运动。 外科手术工具可以被配置成响应于电线的单一缩短在第一方向上移动手术刀片然后沿第二方向移动手术刀片。 此外，线可以表示第一线，外科手术工具可以包括第二线，并且外科手术工具可以被配置成响应于缩短第一线而在第一方向上移动手术刀片并且将手术刀片移动到 响应于缩短第二线的第二方向。
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公开(公告)号：US06283955B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US08648638
申请日：1996-05-13
IPC分类号： A61F700
CPC分类号： A61B18/24 , A61B2017/00181 , A61B2017/00247 , A61B2017/00703 , A61B2017/22074 , A61B2018/00392
摘要： A controlled advancement laser ablation device is provided for precise ablation of body matter. The laser ablation device includes a laser energy transmission mechanism such as, e.g. a fiber optic fiber mounted for controlled translational longitudinal movement relative to a housing structure. A laser energy generator is optically connected to the laser energy transmission mechanism. A controlled advancement mechanism is provided in engagement with the laser energy transmission mechanism for advancing the mechanism through the housing structure at a controlled rated coordinated with the laser energy generator output to ablate body tissue. Controlled advancement mechanisms include constant and/or variable rate springs, motors, and other mechanisms which can be coordinated with the laser energy generator to advance the laser energy transmission mechanism as the targeted substance is ablated. The device is particularly suitable for use in transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) and angioplasty procedures.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于精确消除身体物质的受控进步激光消融装置。 激光烧蚀装置包括例如激光能量传递机构。 安装成相对于壳体结构控制的平移纵向运动的光纤。 激光能量发生器与激光能量传递机构光学连接。 提供了一种与激光能量传递机构接合的受控进步机构，用于通过与激光能量发生器输出协调的受控额定值来推进机构通过壳体结构以烧蚀身体组织。 受控的前进机构包括恒定和/或可变速率弹簧，马达和其他机构，其可以与激光能量发生器配合，以在靶物质被消融时推进激光能量传递机制。 该装置特别适用于经心肌血运重建术（TMR）和血管成形术程序。
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公开(公告)号：US4559500A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-17
申请号：US310211
申请日：1981-10-09
申请人： Iain S. McDermid , Thomas J. Pacala
发明人： Iain S. McDermid , Thomas J. Pacala
CPC分类号： H01S3/0812
摘要： A tuning arrangement (10) for a tunable laser comprises a single holographic grating (12) and two flat surface reflective mirrors (13 and 14). The beam (15) from the laser cavity is incident on the grating at a grazing angle for optimum beam expansion. The diffracted beam propogates from the grating to the first mirror (13), therefrom to the second mirror (14) and is reflected at the Littrow angle to the grating, whereat it is diffracted a second time and returned to the second mirror (14) for reflection to the first mirror (13). Therefrom it is reflected back to the grating. After undergoing a third diffraction it is directed back into the cavity for further amplification.
摘要翻译： 用于可调激光器的调谐装置（10）包括单个全息光栅（12）和两个平面反射镜（13和14）。 来自激光腔的光束（15）以掠射角入射到光栅上，以获得最佳的光束扩展。 衍射光束从光栅传播到第一反射镜（13），从而从第二反射镜（13）向第二反射镜（14）传播，并以Littrow角度反射到光栅，并在此被第二次衍射并返回到第二反射镜（14） 用于反射到第一镜（13）。 从那里反射回光栅。 在经历第三次衍射之后，它被引导回到空腔中用于进一步的放大。
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公开(公告)号：US06280437B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09653340
申请日：2000-08-31
IPC分类号： A61F700
CPC分类号： A61B18/24 , A61B2017/00181 , A61B2017/00247 , A61B2017/00703 , A61B2017/22074 , A61B2018/00392
摘要： A controlled advancement laser ablation device is provided for precise ablation of body matter. The laser ablation device includes a laser energy transmission mechanism such as, e.g., a fiber optic fiber mounted for controlled translational longitudinal movement relative to a housing structure. A laser energy generator is optically connected to the laser energy transmission mechanism. A controlled advancement mechanism is provided in engagement with the laser energy transmission mechanism for advancing the mechanism through the housing structure at a controlled rated coordinated with the laser energy generator output to ablate body tissue. Controlled advancement mechanisms include constant and/or variable rate springs, motors, and other mechanisms which can be coordinated with the laser energy generator to advance the laser energy transmission mechanism as the targeted substance is ablated. The device is particularly suitable for use in transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) and angioplasty procedures.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于精确消除身体物质的受控进步激光消融装置。 激光烧蚀装置包括激光能量传递机构，例如安装成相对于壳体结构控制的平移纵向移动的光纤纤维。 激光能量发生器与激光能量传递机构光学连接。 提供了一种与激光能量传递机构接合的受控进步机构，用于通过与激光能量发生器输出协调的受控额定值来推进机构通过壳体结构以烧蚀身体组织。 受控的前进机构包括恒定和/或可变速率弹簧，马达和其他机构，其可以与激光能量发生器配合，以在靶物质被消融时推进激光能量传递机制。 该装置特别适用于经心肌血运重建术（TMR）和血管成形术程序。
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公开(公告)号：US6135996A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US62527
申请日：1998-04-17
CPC分类号： A61B18/22 , A61B2017/00973
摘要： A controlled advancement laser ablation device is provided for precise ablation of body matter. The laser ablation device includes a handle portion having proximal and distal openings and a fiber advancing device having a stationary member and a movable member. The movable member is movable towards and away from the stationary member. A fiber casing is included having proximal and distal ends. The distal end is secured to the proximal end of the handle portion and the proximal end is secured to the stationary member. At least one optical fiber is included having proximal and distal ends. The distal end is extendible through the handle portion and a portion of the fiber, defined between the proximal and distal ends, is secured to the movable member. A laser energy generator is optically connected to the proximal end of the optical fiber. The handle portion includes a self-biasing advancing mechanism. The self-biasing advancing mechanism includes a guide member positioned within at least a portion of a channel extending within the handle portion. At least one biasing member is operatively connected to the guide member to guide the guide member proximally as a proximal force is applied to the distal end of the optical fiber and to guide the guide member distally when laser energy is transmitted to the optical fiber by the laser energy generator. Controlled advancement mechanisms include constant and/or variable rate springs, motors, and other mechanisms which can be coordinated with the laser energy generator to advance the laser energy transmission mechanism as the targeted substance is ablated. The device is suitable for use in transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) and angioplasty procedures.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于精确消除身体物质的受控进步激光消融装置。 激光烧蚀装置包括具有近端和远端开口的把手部分和具有静止部件和可移动部件的纤维推进装置。 可移动构件可朝向和远离固定构件移动。 包括具有近端和远端的纤维套管。 远端固定到把手部分的近端并且近端固定到固定构件。 包括具有近端和远端的至少一根光纤。 远端可延伸通过手柄部分，并且限定在近端和远端之间的纤维的一部分固定到可动构件。 激光能量发生器光学连接到光纤的近端。 手柄部分包括自偏压推进机构。 自偏压推进机构包括定位在在手柄部分内延伸的通道的至少一部分内的引导构件。 至少一个偏置构件可操作地连接到引导构件，以在近侧力施加到光纤的远端时向近侧引导引导构件，并且当激光能量通过光纤被传送到光纤时将引导构件向远侧引导 激光能量发生器。 受控的前进机构包括恒定和/或可变速率弹簧，马达和其他机构，其可以与激光能量发生器配合，以在靶物质被消融时推进激光能量传递机制。 该装置适用于经心肌血运重建术（TMR）和血管成形术程序。
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