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    Constrained filament electrolytic anode and process of fabrication
    2.
    发明授权
    Constrained filament electrolytic anode and process of fabrication 失效
    约束长丝电解阳极及其制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5869196A

    公开(公告)日：1999-02-09

    申请号：US931145

    申请日：1997-09-16

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak ,  Terence Wong

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak ,  Terence Wong

    IPC: B21C23/00 ,  B21C1/00 ,  B21C37/04 ,  B32B20060101 ,  B32B5/18 ,  B32B15/00 ,  H01G9/04 ,  H01G9/042 ,  H01G9/052

    CPC classification number: H01G9/042 ,  B21C37/047 ,  Y10T29/49002 ,  Y10T428/12479 ,  Y10T428/12806 ,  Y10T428/12819

    Abstract: Porous metal compacts suitable for use as electrodes are formed through the reduction of a metal billet consisting of multiple filaments of an appropriate valve metal, preferably tantalum, contained within, and spaced apart by, a ductile metal, preferably copper. The filaments are elongated and substantially parallel within the billet. The array of valve metal filaments within the billet is surrounded by a continuous layer of valve metal. This metal is preferably, but not necessarily, the same as that which forms the filaments. The valve metal layer preferably completely surrounds the filament array circumferentially and runs the full length of the filaments. The layer is separated from the array by the same ductile metal that serves to separate the filaments from each other. This same ductile metal forms the surface of the billet, preventing exposure of the valve metal layer. The billet is reduced by conventional means, such as extrusion and wire drawing, the composite product is cut into short lengths, and the ductile metal separating the valve metal components of the composite is removed, preferably by leaching in mineral acids. The filaments are constrained within the valve metal tube, making handling during subsequent capacitor manufacture much less difficult than if the filaments were allowed to move freely.

    Abstract translation: 适合用作电极的多孔金属压块通过还原金属坯料而形成，所述金属坯料由包含在延性金属（优选铜）中并由间隔开的适当的阀金属，优选钽构成。 长丝细长并在坯料内基本平行。 钢坯内的阀金属细丝阵列被一个连续的金属层包围。 该金属优选但不一定与形成长丝的金属相同。 阀金属层优选地沿圆周方向完全围绕细丝阵列，并延伸长丝的全长。 该层通过相同的延展性金属与阵列分离，其用于将长丝彼此分离。 该相同的延性金属形成坯料的表面，防止阀金属层的暴露。 通过常规方式，例如挤出和拉丝，将复合材料切割成短长度，并且分离复合材料的阀金属组分的延性金属，优选通过在无机酸中浸出而被除去。 长丝被限制在阀金属管内，使得随后的电容器制造期间的处理比如果允许细丝自由移动困难得多。

    Superconductor and process of manufacture
    3.
    发明授权
    Superconductor and process of manufacture 失效
    超导体和制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5160550A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-03

    申请号：US560163

    申请日：1990-07-31

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak

    IPC: B21C23/22 ,  B21C37/04 ,  C22F1/18 ,  H01J7/18 ,  H01L39/24

    CPC classification number: H01L39/2406 ,  B21C23/22 ,  B21C33/002 ,  B21C37/042 ,  B21C37/045 ,  C22F1/18 ,  C22F1/183 ,  C22F1/186 ,  H01J7/183 ,  Y10S428/93 ,  Y10S505/814 ,  Y10S505/918 ,  Y10S505/921 ,  Y10T29/49014 ,  Y10T428/12812

    Abstract: A method for producing a superconductor includes the steps of combining a plurality of metal bodies to form a composite structure, metal bodies being selected from transition metals such as niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium and vanadium, alternate bodies being formed of different transition metals to form triplets. The transition metals are reacted to form a ductile superconducting ternary alloy at the interfaces of these triplets of metals. The extent of the reaction is limited so as to maintain areas of pure or nearly pure transition metal along with the superconducting ternary alloy in at least one of each triplet of transition metals.

    Abstract translation: 制造超导体的方法包括以下步骤：将多个金属体组合以形成复合结构，金属体选自铌，钽，钛，锆，铪和钒等过渡金属，由不同转变形成的交替体 金属形成三联体。 过渡金属在金属三元体的界面处反应形成延性超导三元合金。 反应的程度受到限制，以便在过渡金属的每个三元组中的至少一个中保持纯或近纯过渡金属与超导三元合金的区域。

    Superconductor and process for manufacture
    5.
    发明授权
    Superconductor and process for manufacture 失效
    超导体和制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5174830A

    公开(公告)日：1992-12-29

    申请号：US628406

    申请日：1990-12-17

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak

    IPC: B21C23/22 ,  B21C37/04 ,  C22F1/18 ,  H01J7/18 ,  H01L39/24

    CPC classification number: H01L39/2406 ,  B21C23/22 ,  B21C33/002 ,  B21C33/004 ,  B21C37/042 ,  B21C37/045 ,  C22F1/18 ,  C22F1/183 ,  C22F1/186 ,  H01J7/183 ,  Y10S505/918 ,  Y10S505/921 ,  Y10T29/49014

    Abstract: A superconductor which is superconducting of a predetermined high field and low temperature is formed by combining a plurality of metal bodies to form a composite structure. The metal bodies are selected from transition metals such as niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium and vanadium, and alloys of such metals, alternate bodies being formed of ductile alloys of the metals which are not superconducting at the predetermined high field. The alternate bodies of transition metals are reacted to form a ductile superconducting ternary alloy zone at the interfaces of these bodies. The extent of the reaction is limited so as to maintain areas of transition metal and transition metal alloys which are not superconducting at the high field. The composite structure is reduced sufficiently that each non superconducting zone is less than 1000A.degree. thick and serves as an artificial pinning site for each adjacent superconducting zone.

    Abstract translation: 通过组合多个金属体以形成复合结构，形成超导预定的高场低温的超导体。 金属体选自诸如铌，钽，锆，铪和钒的过渡金属，以及这些金属的合金，交替体由在预定高场不超导的金属的延性合金形成。 过渡金属的交替体在这些体的界面处反应形成延性超导三元合金区。 反应的程度受到限制，以便保持在高场不超导的过渡金属和过渡金属合金的面积。 复合结构被充分降低，使得每个非超导区域小于1000A厚，并且用作每个相邻超导区域的人造钉扎位置。

    Superconductor and process of manufacture
    6.
    发明授权
    Superconductor and process of manufacture 失效
    超导体和制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5160794A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-03

    申请号：US540193

    申请日：1990-06-19

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak ,  Donald W. Capone, II.

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak ,  Donald W. Capone, II.

    IPC: B21C23/22 ,  B21C37/04 ,  C22F1/18 ,  H01J7/18 ,  H01L39/24

    CPC classification number: H01L39/2406 ,  B21C23/22 ,  B21C33/002 ,  B21C37/042 ,  B21C37/045 ,  C22F1/18 ,  C22F1/183 ,  C22F1/186 ,  H01J7/183 ,  Y10S428/93 ,  Y10S505/814 ,  Y10S505/918 ,  Y10S505/921 ,  Y10T29/49014 ,  Y10T428/12812

    Abstract: In a preferred form of the invention, a superconductor is produced by the steps of combining a plurality of layers of metal sheets to form a composite structure. The sheets are pure transition metals--niobium, titanium, zirconium, or vanadium, alternate sheets being formed of different transition metals. The resulting composite structure is mechanically reduced sufficiently so that each transition metal sheet is less than 1000 .ANG. thick. In the course of reduction, the composite is subjected to sufficient temperatures for sufficient times such that the transition metal layers are partially reacted to form a ductile superconducting material between the transition metal layers. Approximately one half by volume of the transition metal layers remain unreacted. These unreacted layers afford efficient flux pinning within the composite when the layers are reduced to the

    Abstract translation: 在本发明的优选形式中，通过组合多层金属板以形成复合结构的步骤来制造超导体。 这些片材是纯过渡金属 - 铌，钛，锆或钒，由不同的过渡金属形成的交替片材。 所得到的复合结构被充分地机械地还原，使得每个过渡金属板的厚度小于1000。 在还原过程中，复合材料经受足够的温度足够的时间，使得过渡金属层部分地反应以在过渡金属层之间形成延性超导材料。 约一半体积的过渡金属层保持未反应。 当层减少到<1000安格姆最终尺寸时，这些未反应层在复合材料内提供有效的磁通钉扎。 在其它实施方案中，可以使用粉末和长丝代替初始层。

    APC orientation superconductor and process of manufacture
    7.
    发明授权
    APC orientation superconductor and process of manufacture 失效
    APC取向超导体和制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5223348A

    公开(公告)日：1993-06-29

    申请号：US703174

    申请日：1991-05-20

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak

    IPC: H01L39/24

    CPC classification number: H01L39/2406 ,  Y10S428/93 ,  Y10S505/814 ,  Y10S505/918 ,  Y10S505/921 ,  Y10T29/49014 ,  Y10T428/12632 ,  Y10T428/12806 ,  Y10T428/12812

    Abstract: Artifical pinning centers are provided in normal metal layers adjacent to a type II superconductor layer produced by reacting two normal metal layers. The transverse thicknesses of the final superconductor and normal metal layers are less than about 1000 A.degree.. Planar layers of metal which are to provide a multilayer wire whose layers are parallel. A plurality of the multilayer wires are combined to produce a multifilament superconductor, the layers in all the individual wires being parallel to each other.

    Abstract translation: 在与通过两个正常金属层反应制造的II型超导体层相邻的正常金属层中提供人造钉扎中心。 最终超导体和正常金属层的横向厚度小于约1000A。 平面的金属层，它们要提供一层层叠的多层导线。 多个多层导线组合以产生复丝超导体，所有各个线中的层彼此平行。

    Superconductor and process of manufacture
    8.
    发明授权
    Superconductor and process of manufacture 失效
    超导体和制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5158620A

    公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

    申请号：US480236

    申请日：1990-02-15

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak ,  Donald W. Capone, II

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Mark K. Rudziak ,  Donald W. Capone, II

    IPC: B21C23/22 ,  B21C37/04 ,  C22F1/18 ,  H01J7/18 ,  H01L39/24

    CPC classification number: H01L39/2406 ,  B21C23/22 ,  B21C33/002 ,  B21C37/042 ,  B21C37/045 ,  C22F1/18 ,  C22F1/183 ,  C22F1/186 ,  H01J7/183 ,  Y10S505/918 ,  Y10S505/921 ,  Y10T29/49014

    Abstract: In the present invention, a superconductor is produced by the steps of wrapping a plurality of layers of metal sheets around a support to form a composite structure. The sheets are pure transition metals-13 niobium, titanium, zirconium, or vanadium, for example--alternate sheets being formed of different transition metals. The support may be composed of any ductile metal. The resulting composite structure is mechanically reduced sufficiently so that each transition metal sheet is less than 1000 .ANG. thick. In the course of reduction, the composite is subjected to sufficient temperatures for sufficient times such that the transition metal layers are partially reacted to form a ductile superconducting material between the transition metal layers. Approximately one half by volume of the transition metal layers remain unreacted. These unreacted layers afford efficient flux pinning within the composite when the layers are reduced to the

    Abstract translation: 在本发明中，通过以下步骤制造超导体，所述步骤是将多层金属薄片缠绕在支撑体上以形成复合结构。 这些片材是纯过渡金属-13铌，钛，锆或钒，例如由不同的过渡金属形成的交替片材。 支撑件可以由任何延性金属构成。 所得到的复合结构被充分地机械地还原，使得每个过渡金属板的厚度小于1000。 在还原过程中，复合材料经受足够的温度足够的时间，使得过渡金属层部分地反应以在过渡金属层之间形成延性超导材料。 约一半体积的过渡金属层保持未反应。 当层减少到<1000安格姆最终尺寸时，这些未反应层在复合材料内提供有效的磁通钉扎。

    VALVE METAL RIBBON TYPE FIBERS FOR SOLID ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS
    9.
    发明申请
    VALVE METAL RIBBON TYPE FIBERS FOR SOLID ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS 审中-公开
    用于固体电解电容器的阀金属RIBBON型纤维

    公开(公告)号：US20070214857A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-20

    申请号：US11688000

    申请日：2007-03-19

    Applicant: James Wong ,  Terence Wong ,  William Nachtrab

    Inventor： James Wong ,  Terence Wong ,  William Nachtrab

    IPC: C25B11/04 ,  B21C1/00

    CPC classification number: B21C37/047 ,  B21C33/004 ,  B22F3/002 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  C25D11/02 ,  C25D11/04 ,  C25D11/26 ,  H01G9/052 ,  H01G9/0525 ,  B22F3/1007 ,  B22F2201/20 ,  B22F1/004

    Abstract: A method for making superconducting material useful for forming electrolytic devices comprising the steps of establishing multiple valve metal rods in a primary billet of a ductile material; working the primary billet to a series of reduction steps to form said valve metal rods into a plurality of elongated elements surrounded at least in part by the ductile material; cutting the elongated elements from step (b) and bundling the cut elements to form a secondary billet; working the secondary billet through a series of reduction steps followed by rolling to final thickness; removing the ductile material, whereby to leave valve metal elongated fibers; and sintering the elongated fibers from step (e) under vacuum.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于制造用于形成电解装置的超导材料的方法，包括以下步骤：在延性材料的初级钢坯中建立多个阀金属棒; 将所述初级坯料加工成一系列还原步骤，以将所述阀金属棒形成至少部分地由所述延性材料包围的多个细长元件; 从步骤（b）切割细长元件并捆扎切割元件以形成次级坯料; 通过一系列还原步骤，然后轧制成最终厚度来加工二次坯料; 去除延性材料，从而留下阀金属细长纤维; 并在真空下烧结来自步骤（e）的细长纤维。

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