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公开(公告)号：US5499678A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-19
申请号：US284961
申请日：1994-08-02
IPC分类号： E21B43/114 , E21B43/26
CPC分类号： E21B43/114 , E21B43/26
摘要： A coplanar jetting head for well perforating. The apparatus comprises a housing defining a plurality of jetting openings therein. The jetting openings are substantially coplanar and are angularly disposed with respect to a longitudinal axis of the housing. Each of the jetting openings has a jetting nozzle disposed therein. In the preferred embodiment, the angle of the plane of the jetting openings is such that the plane may be positioned substantially perpendicular to an axis of least principal stress in a well formation adjacent to the well bore when the housing is disposed in the well bore. A method of fracturing a well is also disclosed and comprises the steps of positioning a jetting head in a well bore and directing a plurality of fluid jets from the jetting head at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the well bore.
摘要翻译： 用于穿孔的共面喷射头。 该装置包括在其中限定多个喷射开口的壳体。 喷射开口基本上共面并且相对于壳体的纵向轴线成角度地设置。 每个喷射口具有设置在其中的喷射喷嘴。 在优选实施例中，喷射开口的平面的角度使得当壳体设置在井眼中时，平面可以被定位成基本上垂直于邻近井眼的井壁中的最小主应力的轴线。 还公开了一种压裂井的方法，包括以下步骤：将喷射头定位在井眼中，并将多个流体射流从喷射头相对于井眼的纵向轴线成一定角度引导。
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公开(公告)号：US5960880A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US703529
申请日：1996-08-27
申请人： Philip D. Nguyen , Jimmie D. Weaver , Hazim H. Abass , Steven F. Wilson , Sanjay Vitthal , R. Clay Cole , Bobby K. Bowles
发明人： Philip D. Nguyen , Jimmie D. Weaver , Hazim H. Abass , Steven F. Wilson , Sanjay Vitthal , R. Clay Cole , Bobby K. Bowles
CPC分类号： E21B43/261 , C09K8/5755 , C09K8/62 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267
摘要： The present invention provides methods of stimulating fluid production while preventing the migration of sand with produced fluids from an unconsolidated subterranean formation penetrated by a well bore. The methods basically comprise the steps of creating one or more fractures in the formation, injecting a hardenable resin composition into a portion of the formation through which the fractures extend whereby the portion of the formation is consolidated into a hard permeable mass and depositing proppant in the fractures to maintain the fractures open.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种刺激流体产生的方法，同时防止产生的流体从穿透井眼的未固结的地下岩层中迁移。 这些方法基本上包括在地层中产生一个或多个裂缝的步骤，将可硬化的树脂组合物注入到地层的通过其中延伸的部分中，由此地层的该部分被固结成硬质的可渗透物质并将支撑剂沉积在 骨折保持骨折开放。
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公开(公告)号：US20110061869A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-17
申请号：US12558747
申请日：2009-09-14
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B43/305
摘要： Producing transverse fractures in a horizontal well may be achieved at a relatively lower fracturing pressure by forming one or more tunnels extending from the horizontal wellbore. One or more tunnels may be formed at each location along the horizontal wellbore where a transverse fracture is desired. The tunnel(s) may be formed mechanically, optically, or hydraulically. Further, fracturing may be formed at a lower pressure than would otherwise be required to form transverse fractures from a horizontal wellbore. According to some implementations, the transverse fractures may be formed without isolating a portion of the horizontal wellbore.
摘要翻译： 通过形成从水平井筒延伸的一个或多个隧道，可以在相对较低的压裂压力下在水平井中产生横向骨折。 可以在沿着水平井眼的每个位置处形成一个或多个隧道，其中需要横向断裂。 隧道可以机械，光学或液压地形成。 此外，可以在比从水平井筒形成横向骨折所需要的压力更低的压力下形成压裂。 根据一些实施方案，可以在不隔离水平井眼的一部分的情况下形成横向骨折。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5360066A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-01
申请号：US992847
申请日：1992-12-16
IPC分类号： E21B43/119 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/02
CPC分类号： E21B43/119 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/02
摘要： An improved method for fracturing oil wells is disclosed and claimed herein. In particular, the present invention involves the determination of the direction of fracture propagation, i.e., perpendicular to the minimum stress existing within a given formation and the alignment of perforations produced by a variety of perforating devices with the previously determined direction of fracture propagation. The methods disclosed and claimed herein will eliminate many problems encountered in the prior art, including reducing the pressure required to initiate fractures and reducing the undesirable effects of near wellbore tortuosity.
摘要翻译： 本文公开并要求了一种用于压裂油井的改进方法。 特别地，本发明涉及确定裂缝扩展的方向，即垂直于给定地层内存在的最小应力的方向，以及由先前确定的裂缝扩展方向由各种穿孔装置产生的穿孔的对准。 本文公开和要求保护的方法将消除现有技术中遇到的许多问题，包括降低引发裂缝所需的压力并减少近井眼弯曲度的不良影响。
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公开(公告)号：US07387161B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-17
申请号：US11296518
申请日：2005-12-06
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B43/267
摘要： A laboratory test method employs maximum acoustic wave velocity to determine cure time of a sample of curable resin-coated proppant (CRCP) that are packed in a pressurized chamber to simulate conditions in a reservoir rock formation during fracturing in which the CRCP will be used. The pressurized CRCP is subjected to a varying temperature profile that replicates the reservoir temperature recovery during shut-in of the fractured zone in order to develop maximum proppant pack strength and minimize proppant flow back following completion of the fracturing operation and to determine shut-in time to complete curing of the resin.
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公开(公告)号：US5431225A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-11
申请号：US310174
申请日：1994-09-21
IPC分类号： E21B43/02 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B43/025 , E21B43/267
摘要： Methods of completing poorly consolidated subterranean formations bounded by one or more consolidated formations to prevent sand production from the poorly consolidated formations are provided. The methods basically comprise the steps of drilling a well bore into the consolidated boundary formation adjacent to the poorly consolidated formation, creating a propped fracture communicating with the well bore in the consolidated boundary formation which extends into the poorly consolidated formation and producing fluids from the poorly consolidated formation into the well bore by way of the propped fracture.
摘要翻译： 提供了完成由一个或多个固结地层限定的不良固结的地层的方法，以防止由较差的组合地层产生砂。 这些方法基本上包括以下步骤：将井眼钻进邻近不良结合地层的固结边界地层中，产生与固结的边界地层中的井眼相通的支撑裂缝，该裂缝延伸到较不固结的地层中并从较差的地层中产生流体 通过支撑骨折将井眼固结成井眼。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for determining permeability, diffusivity, porosity, and gas storage in gas-containing substrates 失效用于测定含气体衬底中的渗透性，扩散性，孔隙率和气体储存的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5265462A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-30
申请号：US882195
申请日：1992-05-13
IPC分类号： G01N15/08
CPC分类号： G01N15/08
摘要： The permeability and/or porosity of gas-containing substrates, particularly substrates of low permeability, can be determined by sealing a gas-containing substrate in a sealable "core analysis vessel" of known or ascertainable volume as soon as possible after removing the sample from the subsurface. Because the sealed sample is still at about formation pressure, gas will leak from the sample into the space of the vessel. The pressure build-up over time in the core analysis vessel is measured. When the pressure has equilibrated, the pressure is vented through a flowmeter to determine gas volume, followed by venting to atmosphere. The system is resealed and then the process is repeated until no subsequent pressure build-up occurs. By knowing the internal volume of the chamber, the bulk volume of the core sample, and recording the pressure build-up as a function of the time, many substrate properties, such as pore volume and permeability, can be calculated via standard methods. The effective pore volume which the gas originally occupied can be directly measured by venting the gas in the core analysis vessel to the external pressure through a flow-volume measuring device.
摘要翻译： 含气体基材，特别是低渗透性基材的渗透性和/或孔隙率可以通过将已含有或可确定的体积的可密封的“芯分析容器”中的含气体基质在将样品从 地下。 因为密封的样品仍然处于约地层压力，所以气体将从样品泄漏到容器的空间中。 测量核心分析容器中随时间的压力积分。 当压力平衡时，通过流量计排出压力以确定气体体积，然后排放到大气中。 系统被重新密封，然后重复该过程，直到不产生随后的压力发生。 通过知道室的内部体积，核心样品的体积体积和记录压力积聚作为时间的函数，可以通过标准方法计算许多底物性质，例如孔体积和渗透性。 原始占据的气体的有效孔体积可以通过通过流量测量装置将核心分析容器中的气体排气到外部压力来直接测量。
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8.发明授权Determination of well shut-in time for curing resin-coated proppant particles 有权确定固化树脂涂覆的支撑剂颗粒的良好关闭时间公开(公告)号：US07712525B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US12151372
申请日：2008-05-05
IPC分类号： E21B43/267 , G01H5/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/267
摘要： A laboratory test method employs maximum acoustic wave velocity to determine cure time of a sample of curable resin-coated proppant (CRCP) that are packed in a pressurized chamber to simulate conditions in a reservoir rock formation during fracturing in which the CRCP will be used. The pressurized CRCP is subjected to a varying temperature profile that replicates the reservoir temperature recovery during shut-in of the fractured zone in order to develop maximum proppant pack strength and minimize proppant flow back following completion of the fracturing operation and to determine shut-in time to complete curing of the resin.
摘要翻译： 实验室测试方法使用最大声波速度来确定填充在加压室中的可固化树脂涂覆的支撑剂（CRCP）的样品的固化时间，以模拟在使用CRCP的压裂期间的储层岩层中的条件。 加压CRCP经受变化的温度曲线，其复制了在断裂区域关闭期间的储层温度恢复，以便在压裂操作完成之后产生最大支撑剂组件强度并最小化支撑剂流回并确定关闭时间 完成树脂的固化。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5482122A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-09
申请号：US352469
申请日：1994-12-09
CPC分类号： G01N33/241 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/02 , E21B49/02 , E21B49/04
摘要： A method for the determination of anisotropic material properties in subterranean rock formations by means of radially oriented and generally equally angularly spaced sidewall cores obtained by use of a rotary sidewall coring tool. The measurement values obtained from testing of the sidewall cores are utilized to obtain an accurate prediction of the shape of the ellipse that describes the variation in the material property under consideration as a function of direction in the bedding plane of the subterranean rock formation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过使用旋转侧壁取芯工具获得的通过径向取向且大致相等角度间隔开的侧壁芯来确定地下岩层中的各向异性材料特性的方法。 使用从侧壁芯的测试获得的测量值来获得椭圆形状的精确预测，其描述了作为地下岩层的层层平面中的方向的函数的所考虑的材料性质的变化。
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10.发明授权Method and apparatus for determining orientation of a wellbore relative to formation stress fields 失效用于确定井眼相对于地层应力场的取向的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5285683A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US955110
申请日：1992-10-01
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B47/02 , E21B49/006 , E21B49/008
摘要： The invention provides a method for determining the orientation of a wellbore relative to stress fields within a formation through analysis of pressure climb data during a test fracturing operation. The test fracturing operation may be formed in a plurality of wells having a known angular relation to one another in a given formation. A known angular or azimuthal relationship between the wells may be correlated with the derivative of the pressure decline proximate the relief in pressure area to define maximum azimuthal stress field and a minimum azimuthal stress field in the formation.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种通过在测试压裂操作期间分析压力爬升数据来确定井筒相对于地层内的应力场的取向的方法。 测试压裂操作可以形成在给定地层中彼此具有已知角度关系的多个井中。 井之间的已知角度或方位角关系可能与压力区域中的浮雕附近的压力衰减的导数相关，以限定地层中的最大方位角应力场和最小方位角应力场。
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