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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5360066A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-01
申请号：US992847
申请日：1992-12-16
IPC分类号： E21B43/119 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/02
CPC分类号： E21B43/119 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/02
摘要： An improved method for fracturing oil wells is disclosed and claimed herein. In particular, the present invention involves the determination of the direction of fracture propagation, i.e., perpendicular to the minimum stress existing within a given formation and the alignment of perforations produced by a variety of perforating devices with the previously determined direction of fracture propagation. The methods disclosed and claimed herein will eliminate many problems encountered in the prior art, including reducing the pressure required to initiate fractures and reducing the undesirable effects of near wellbore tortuosity.
摘要翻译： 本文公开并要求了一种用于压裂油井的改进方法。 特别地，本发明涉及确定裂缝扩展的方向，即垂直于给定地层内存在的最小应力的方向，以及由先前确定的裂缝扩展方向由各种穿孔装置产生的穿孔的对准。 本文公开和要求保护的方法将消除现有技术中遇到的许多问题，包括降低引发裂缝所需的压力并减少近井眼弯曲度的不良影响。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for determining permeability, diffusivity, porosity, and gas storage in gas-containing substrates 失效用于测定含气体衬底中的渗透性，扩散性，孔隙率和气体储存的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5265462A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-30
申请号：US882195
申请日：1992-05-13
IPC分类号： G01N15/08
CPC分类号： G01N15/08
摘要： The permeability and/or porosity of gas-containing substrates, particularly substrates of low permeability, can be determined by sealing a gas-containing substrate in a sealable "core analysis vessel" of known or ascertainable volume as soon as possible after removing the sample from the subsurface. Because the sealed sample is still at about formation pressure, gas will leak from the sample into the space of the vessel. The pressure build-up over time in the core analysis vessel is measured. When the pressure has equilibrated, the pressure is vented through a flowmeter to determine gas volume, followed by venting to atmosphere. The system is resealed and then the process is repeated until no subsequent pressure build-up occurs. By knowing the internal volume of the chamber, the bulk volume of the core sample, and recording the pressure build-up as a function of the time, many substrate properties, such as pore volume and permeability, can be calculated via standard methods. The effective pore volume which the gas originally occupied can be directly measured by venting the gas in the core analysis vessel to the external pressure through a flow-volume measuring device.
摘要翻译： 含气体基材，特别是低渗透性基材的渗透性和/或孔隙率可以通过将已含有或可确定的体积的可密封的“芯分析容器”中的含气体基质在将样品从 地下。 因为密封的样品仍然处于约地层压力，所以气体将从样品泄漏到容器的空间中。 测量核心分析容器中随时间的压力积分。 当压力平衡时，通过流量计排出压力以确定气体体积，然后排放到大气中。 系统被重新密封，然后重复该过程，直到不产生随后的压力发生。 通过知道室的内部体积，核心样品的体积体积和记录压力积聚作为时间的函数，可以通过标准方法计算许多底物性质，例如孔体积和渗透性。 原始占据的气体的有效孔体积可以通过通过流量测量装置将核心分析容器中的气体排气到外部压力来直接测量。
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公开(公告)号：US5431225A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-11
申请号：US310174
申请日：1994-09-21
IPC分类号： E21B43/02 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B43/025 , E21B43/267
摘要： Methods of completing poorly consolidated subterranean formations bounded by one or more consolidated formations to prevent sand production from the poorly consolidated formations are provided. The methods basically comprise the steps of drilling a well bore into the consolidated boundary formation adjacent to the poorly consolidated formation, creating a propped fracture communicating with the well bore in the consolidated boundary formation which extends into the poorly consolidated formation and producing fluids from the poorly consolidated formation into the well bore by way of the propped fracture.
摘要翻译： 提供了完成由一个或多个固结地层限定的不良固结的地层的方法，以防止由较差的组合地层产生砂。 这些方法基本上包括以下步骤：将井眼钻进邻近不良结合地层的固结边界地层中，产生与固结的边界地层中的井眼相通的支撑裂缝，该裂缝延伸到较不固结的地层中并从较差的地层中产生流体 通过支撑骨折将井眼固结成井眼。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5318123A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US897358
申请日：1992-06-11
IPC分类号： E21B43/119 , E21B43/26 , E21B49/04
CPC分类号： E21B43/119 , E21B43/26
摘要： An improved method for fracturing oil wells is disclosed and claimed herein. In particular, the present invention involves the determination of the direction of fracture propagation, i.e., perpendicular to the minimum stress existing within a given formation and the alignment of perforations produced by a variety of perforating devices with the previously determined direction of fracture propagation. The methods disclosed and claimed herein will eliminate many problems encountered in the prior art, including reducing the pressure required to initiate fractures and reducing the undesirable effects of near well bore tortuosity.
摘要翻译： 本文公开并要求了一种用于压裂油井的改进方法。 特别地，本发明涉及确定裂缝扩展的方向，即垂直于给定地层内存在的最小应力的方向，以及由先前确定的裂缝扩展方向由各种穿孔装置产生的穿孔的对准。 本文公开和要求保护的方法将消除现有技术中遇到的许多问题，包括降低开始裂缝所需的压力并减少近井孔弯曲度的不良影响。
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公开(公告)号：US5263360A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US903695
申请日：1992-06-24
IPC分类号： C09K8/58 , C09K8/62 , C09K8/70 , C09K8/72 , C09K8/82 , C09K8/94 , E21B43/00 , G01N15/08 , G01N33/24 , E21B49/02
CPC分类号： C09K8/58 , C09K8/62 , C09K8/703 , C09K8/72 , C09K8/82 , C09K8/94 , E21B43/006 , G01N15/08 , G01N33/241
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining the gas permeability of very low permeability subterranean formations as well as the gas permeability reducing effects of injecting one or more treatment fluids thereinto. A gas is injected into a core sample of the formation at a selected substantially constant pressure, and the injection is continued for a long period of time to insure steady state flow conditions. The temperature of the gas as it flows through the core sample and the flow rate of the gas exiting the core sample are measured, and the native state gas permeability of the core sample is calculated therefrom. One or more treatment fluids can be injected into the core sample after the native state permeability is determined. Thereafter, the gas permeability can again be determined and compared to the native state permeability.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于确定非常低渗透性地下地层的气体渗透性的方法和装置以及将一种或多种处理流体注入其中的气体渗透性降低效果。 将气体以选定的基本恒定的压力注入到地层的岩心样品中，并且持续长时间的注入以确保稳态流动条件。 测量气体流过核心样品时的温度和离开核心样品的气体的流速，并计算核心样品的天然气渗透率。 在确定天然状态渗透性之后，可将一种或多种处理流体注入核心样品中。 此后，可以再次确定气体渗透性并将其与天然状态渗透率进行比较。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5236040A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US897325
申请日：1992-06-11
CPC分类号： E21B47/02 , E21B43/26 , E21B49/006 , E21B49/008
摘要： An improved method for determining the magnitude of the minimum principle horizontal stress within a formation is disclosed and claimed herein. In particular, the inventive method involves the use of a wireline retrievable circumferential acoustic scanning tool during an open hole microfracture test to determine the magnitude of the minimum principle horizontal stress in the formation.
摘要翻译： 本文公开并要求了一种用于确定地层内的最小原理水平应力的大小的改进方法。 特别地，本发明的方法涉及在开孔微裂缝测试期间使用电缆可回收的圆周声波扫描工具来确定地层中最小原理水平应力的大小。
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公开(公告)号：US5259466A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US897257
申请日：1992-06-11
IPC分类号： E21B43/119
CPC分类号： E21B43/119
摘要： An improved method and apparatus are provided for orienting a particular well completion in accordance with azimuths determined with respect to magnetic north. The invention permits the perforating gun of a wireline tool to be properly oriented in either a vertical or non-vertical wellbore. A wireline tool is described whose lower section contains a gun section and is rotatably joined to the upper section and may be rotated about a swivel joint assembly to move independently of the upper section and in accordance with an orienting means. The rotation may be accomplished by mechanical, hydraulic or electrical means of imparting rotation. In addition, preferred embodiments of the invention include a distant display such that operators may verify directional orientation of charges prior to initiating them. Alternative embodiments are provided for practicing the invention using multiple passes into the well which involve less risk of damage to portions of the well tool.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的方法和装置，用于根据关于磁北的方位确定特定的井完井。 本发明允许有线工具的穿孔枪在垂直或非垂直井眼中被适当地定向。 描述了一种电缆工具，其下部包含枪部分并且可旋转地连接到上部部分，并且可以围绕旋转接头组件旋转以独立于上部部分并且根据定向装置而移动。 旋转可以通过赋予旋转的机械，液压或电气装置来实现。 此外，本发明的优选实施例包括远程显示器，使得操作者可以在发起之前验证电荷的方向取向。 提供替代实施例用于使用多次进入井的本发明，其涉及较小的损坏井具的部分的风险。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08622134B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-07
申请号：US12398314
申请日：2009-03-05
摘要： Subterranean treatment fluids comprising one or more organic acids and methods of use in subterranean operations are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: providing a treatment fluid that comprises an aqueous base fluid, a plurality of particulates, a gelling agent, and one or more organic acids; introducing the treatment fluid into at least a portion of a subterranean formation; and depositing at least a portion of the particulates in a portion of the subterranean formation so as to form a gravel pack in a portion of the subterranean formation.
摘要翻译： 提供了包含一种或多种有机酸的地下处理流体和在地下操作中使用的方法。 在一个实施方案中，所述方法包括：提供包含基本水基液体，多个颗粒，胶凝剂和一种或多种有机酸的处理流体; 将处理流体引入至地下地层的至少一部分; 以及将所述颗粒的至少一部分沉积在所述地下地层的一部分中，以便在所述地层的一部分中形成砾石充填。
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9.发明授权Treatment fluids comprising friction reducers and antiflocculation additives and associated methods 有权包含减摩剂和抗絮凝添加剂及相关方法的处理液公开(公告)号：US07806185B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-05
申请号：US11368221
申请日：2006-03-03
申请人： David E. McMechan , Jimmie D. Weaver , Thomas D. Welton , Robert E. Hanes, Jr. , Karen L. King , Gary P. Funkhouser
发明人： David E. McMechan , Jimmie D. Weaver , Thomas D. Welton , Robert E. Hanes, Jr. , Karen L. King , Gary P. Funkhouser
IPC分类号： E21B43/26
摘要： Methods comprising: providing an aqueous treatment fluid comprising an aqueous fluid, a friction reducing polymer, and an antiflocculation additive; and introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation. Methods of fracturing a subterranean formation comprising: providing an aqueous treatment fluid comprising an aqueous fluid, a friction reducing polymer, and an antiflocculation additive; and introducing the treatment fluid into a well bore penetrating the subterranean formation at rate in the range of from about 30 barrels to about 250 barrels per minute so as to create or enhance one or more fractures in the subterranean formation. Aqueous treatment fluids comprising: an aqueous fluid, a friction reducing polymer in an amount sufficient to reduce friction without forming a gel, and an antiflocculation additive.
摘要翻译： 方法包括：提供包含水性流体，减摩聚合物和抗絮凝添加剂的含水处理流体; 并将处理流体引入地层中。 破碎地下地层的方法，包括：提供包含含水流体，减摩聚合物和抗絮凝添加剂的含水处理流体; 并将处理流体引入渗透到地下地层的井眼中，速率范围为约30桶至约250桶/分钟，以便产生或增强地下地层中的一个或多个裂缝。 含水处理流体包括：含水流体，足以减少摩擦而不形成凝胶的摩擦降低聚合物和抗絮凝添加剂。
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公开(公告)号：US20100089579A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-15
申请号：US12574037
申请日：2009-10-06
IPC分类号： E21B43/267 , E21B43/26
CPC分类号： G01N15/00 , C09K8/805 , Y10S507/901
摘要： Treatments and compounds useful in subterranean formations are discussed, with particular attention to those where particulates and/or surfaces may be subject to silica scale build-up. Certain embodiments pertain to utilizing silica scale control additives with particulate packs. Of these, certain methods may treat particulate packs in a subterranean formation with silica scale control additives, certain methods may combine silica scale control additives with particulates prior to formation of a particulate pack, and certain compounds may provide the features of both silica scale control additives and particulates.
摘要翻译： 讨论了可用于地下地层的处理和化合物，特别注意颗粒和/或表面可能受到二氧化硅垢积聚的影响。 某些实施方案涉及利用二氧化硅垢控制添加剂与颗粒包装。 其中，某些方法可以用二氧化硅垢控制添加剂处理地下地层中的颗粒料，某些方法可以在形成颗粒包装之前将二氧化硅垢控制添加剂与颗粒结合，某些化合物可提供二氧化硅垢控制添加剂的特征 和颗粒物。
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