Methods of data management in non-volatile memory devices and related non-volatile memory systems
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods of data management in non-volatile memory devices and related non-volatile memory systems 有权
    非易失性存储器件和相关非易失性存储器系统中的数据管理方法

    公开(公告)号:US08392662B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-03-05

    申请号:US12483001

    申请日:2009-06-11

    IPC分类号: G06F12/00

    摘要: A data management method includes assigning data buffered in a first memory device into at least two different groups for transfer to a second memory device. At least one of the different groups has at least two units of the data assigned thereto. The data is transferred from the first memory device to the second memory device in a sequence according to a respective priority associated with each of the different groups and in group-by-group manner such that units of the data assigned to a group having a higher priority are transferred to the second memory device prior to units of the data assigned to a group having a lower priority. Related systems and methods are also discussed.

    摘要翻译: 数据管理方法包括将缓冲在第一存储器设备中的数据分配到至少两个不同的组中以传送到第二存储器设备。 不同组中的至少一个具有分配给其的数据的至少两个单位。 数据按照与每个不同组相关联的相应优先级和按组分组的方式按顺序从第一存储器件传送到第二存储器件,使得分配给具有较高值的​​组的数据的单位 在分配给具有较低优先级的组的数据的单位之前,优先级被传送到第二存储器设备。 还讨论了相关系统和方法。

    METHODS OF DATA MANAGEMENT IN NON-VOLATILE MEMORY DEVICES AND RELATED NON-VOLATILE MEMORY SYSTEMS
    4.
    发明申请
    METHODS OF DATA MANAGEMENT IN NON-VOLATILE MEMORY DEVICES AND RELATED NON-VOLATILE MEMORY SYSTEMS 有权
    非易失性存储器件和相关非易失性存储器系统中的数据管理方法

    公开(公告)号:US20090310412A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-17

    申请号:US12483001

    申请日:2009-06-11

    IPC分类号: G11C16/04 G11C7/10

    摘要: A data management method includes assigning data buffered in a first memory device into at least two different groups for transfer to a second memory device. At least one of the different groups has at least two units of the data assigned thereto. The data is transferred from the first memory device to the second memory device in a sequence according to a respective priority associated with each of the different groups and in group-by-group manner such that units of the data assigned to a group having a higher priority are transferred to the second memory device prior to units of the data assigned to a group having a lower priority. Related systems and methods are also discussed.

    摘要翻译: 数据管理方法包括将缓冲在第一存储器设备中的数据分配到至少两个不同的组中以传送到第二存储器设备。 不同组中的至少一个具有分配给其的数据的至少两个单位。 数据按照与每个不同组相关联的相应优先级和按组分组的方式按顺序从第一存储器件传送到第二存储器件,使得分配给具有较高值的​​组的数据的单位 在分配给具有较低优先级的组的数据的单位之前,优先级被传送到第二存储器设备。 还讨论了相关系统和方法。

    Fuel cell system and driving method thereof
    5.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell system and driving method thereof 有权
    燃料电池系统及其驱动方法

    公开(公告)号:US09362579B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-06-07

    申请号:US13247338

    申请日:2011-09-28

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: A fuel cell system and a method for driving a fuel cell system are disclosed. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack with a plurality of unit cells, a temperature measurer configured for determining a temperature of the fuel cell stack, a cell voltage measurer configured for determining voltages of one or more of the plurality of unit cells, and a control unit configured for monitoring the unit cell voltages of the plurality of unit cells to detect a minimum unit cell voltage when a measured temperature of the fuel cell stack is below zero, and configured for controlling the load current so that the detected minimum unit cell voltage may be maintained at a predetermined threshold voltage.

    摘要翻译: 公开了燃料电池系统和驱动燃料电池系统的方法。 燃料电池系统包括具有多个单电池的燃料电池堆,配置用于确定燃料电池堆的温度的温度测量器,被配置用于确定多个单电池中的一个或多个的电压的电池电压测量器,以及 控制单元,被配置为当所述燃料电池堆的测量温度低于零时,监视所述多个单元电池的单位电池电压以检测最小单位电池电压,并且被配置为用于控制所述负载电流,使得所检测到的最小单元电池 电压可以保持在预定的阈值电压。

    Fuel cell stack
    6.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell stack 失效
    燃料电池堆

    公开(公告)号:US08785072B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-07-22

    申请号:US12981410

    申请日:2010-12-29

    IPC分类号: H01M8/24

    摘要: A fuel cell stack includes: a plurality of membrane-electrode assemblies; first and second end plates respectively positioned outside outermost ones of the membrane-electrode assemblies; and a plurality of separators respectively positioned between the membrane-electrode assemblies and between the outermost ones of the membrane-electrode assemblies and the first and second end plates. The first end plate includes an oxidizing agent inlet, an oxidizing agent outlet, and a moisture supplying flow path connecting the oxidizing agent inlet and the oxidizing agent outlet. The moisture supplying flow path includes a first end portion adjacent to the oxidizing agent outlet and a second end portion adjacent to the oxidizing agent inlet, the first end portion being larger than the second end portion and being a different distance away from a surface of the first end plate facing away from the second end plate than the second end portion.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池堆包括:多个膜 - 电极组件; 分别位于最外面的膜 - 电极组件外的第一和第二端板; 以及分别位于膜 - 电极组件和最外层膜电极组件以及第一和第二端板之间的多个分离器。 第一端板包括氧化剂入口,氧化剂出口和连接氧化剂入口和氧化剂出口的供水流路。 供水流路包括与氧化剂出口相邻的第一端部和与氧化剂入口相邻的第二端部,第一端部部分大于第二端部部分,并且距离氧化剂出口的表面不同的距离 第一端板远离第二端板而不是第二端部。

    Fuel cell stack
    7.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell stack 失效
    燃料电池堆

    公开(公告)号:US08435693B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-07

    申请号:US12950957

    申请日:2010-11-19

    IPC分类号: H01M2/38

    摘要: A fuel cell stack configured to alleviate pressure and decrease the flow rate of at least one of a fuel and an oxidant is disclosed. The fuel cell stack includes a membrane-electrode assembly, an anode separator, a cathode separator and a filing member. The membrane-electrode assembly may include an electrolyte membrane, an anode formed on a first surface of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode formed on a second surface of the electrolyte membrane. The anode separator may include a fuel channel, a fuel inlet manifold in fluid communication with the fuel channel, and a fuel outlet manifold in fluid communication with the fuel channel. The cathode separator may include an oxidant channel, an oxidant inlet manifold in fluid communication with the oxidant channel, and an oxidant outlet manifold in fluid communication with the oxidant channel. The filling member may be positioned within at least one of the fuel inlet manifold and the oxidant inlet manifold.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种构造成减轻压力并降低燃料和氧化剂中的至少一种的流量的燃料电池堆。 燃料电池堆包括膜 - 电极组件,阳极分离器,阴极分离器和归档构件。 膜 - 电极组件可以包括电解质膜,形成在电解质膜的第一表面上的阳极和形成在电解质膜的第二表面上的阴极。 阳极分离器可以包括燃料通道,与燃料通道流体连通的燃料入口歧管以及与燃料通道流体连通的燃料出口歧管。 阴极分离器可以包括氧化剂通道,与氧化剂通道流体连通的氧化剂入口歧管和与氧化剂通道流体连通的氧化剂出口歧管。 填充构件可以位于燃料入口歧管和氧化剂入口歧管中的至少一个内。

    High-efficiency viable sampler for ultrafine bioaerosols
    8.
    发明授权
    High-efficiency viable sampler for ultrafine bioaerosols 失效
    用于超细生物气溶胶的高效可行取样器

    公开(公告)号:US08349582B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-01-08

    申请号:US12673753

    申请日:2008-08-15

    摘要: Exemplary embodiments provide bioaerosol detection systems and methods for detecting bioaerosols. In one embodiment, the bioaerosol detection system can include a humidifier to increase the humidity of a continuously flowing sample volume of a bioaerosol sample using a biologically compatible liquid medium, and an amplifier to deposit vapor on the bioaerosol sample for a particle size amplification process. Bioaerosol(s) can thus be detected and sampled while simultaneously maintaining their viability. The disclosed bioaerosol detection systems and the methods can provide high efficiency for sampling and detecting ultrafine bioaerosol(s) such as viruses and proteins, which can be smaller than 0.3 μm in diameter and can be as small as 20 nm.

    摘要翻译: 示例性实施方案提供了用于检测生物气溶胶的生物气溶胶检测系统和方法。 在一个实施方案中,生物气溶胶检测系统可以包括加湿器,以使用生物相容的液体介质增加生物气溶胶样品的连续流动的样品体积的湿度,以及放大器以在生物气溶胶样品上沉积蒸气用于粒度扩增过程。 因此可以检测和采样生物气溶胶,同时保持其生存力。 所公开的生物气溶胶检测系统和方法可以提供高效率的采样和检测超细生物气溶胶如病毒和蛋白质,其直径可以小于0.3μm,并且可以小至20nm。

    FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND DRIVING METHOD FOR THE SAME
    9.
    发明申请
    FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND DRIVING METHOD FOR THE SAME 有权
    燃料电池系统及其驱动方法

    公开(公告)号:US20120028138A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-02-02

    申请号:US12975251

    申请日:2010-12-21

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04 H01M8/06

    摘要: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack that includes a plurality of unit cells, each including a membrane-electrode assembly including an electrolyte membrane, a cathode at one side of the electrolyte membrane, and an anode at an opposite side of the electrolyte membrane, and separators at respective sides of the membrane-electrode assembly, a fuel supply for supplying a fuel to the fuel cell stack, an oxidizing agent supply for supplying an oxidizing agent to the fuel cell stack, and a controller for controlling operation of the fuel supply and the oxidizing agent supply, for measuring a voltage of each of the unit cells, and for turning off a load coupled to the fuel cell stack after determining that the voltages of the unit cells reached a reference voltage.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池系统包括燃料电池堆,其包括多个单元电池,每个单元电池包括包括电解质膜的膜 - 电极组件,电解质膜一侧的阴极和电解质膜的相对侧的阳极 ,以及膜 - 电极组件的各侧的隔板,用于向燃料电池堆供应燃料的燃料供给,用于向燃料电池堆供应氧化剂的氧化剂供应和用于控制燃料的运行的控制器 供应和氧化剂供应,用于测量每个单元电池的电压,并且在确定单元电池的电压达到参考电压之后关闭耦合到燃料电池堆的负载。

    HIGH-EFFICIENCY VIABLE SAMPLER FOR ULTRAFINE BIOAEROSOLS
    10.
    发明申请
    HIGH-EFFICIENCY VIABLE SAMPLER FOR ULTRAFINE BIOAEROSOLS 失效
    用于超声波生物降解剂的高效可变取样器

    公开(公告)号:US20110111387A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-05-12

    申请号:US12673753

    申请日:2008-08-15

    IPC分类号: C12Q1/70 C12M1/34

    摘要: Exemplary embodiments provide bioaerosol detection systems and methods for detecting bioaerosols. In one embodiment, the bioaerosol detection system can include a humidifier to increase the humidity of a continuously flowing sample volume of a bioaerosol sample using a biologically compatible liquid medium, and an amplifier to deposit vapor on the bioaerosol sample for a particle size amplification process. Bioaerosol(s) can thus be detected and sampled while simultaneously maintaining their viability. The disclosed bioaerosol detection systems and the methods can provide high efficiency for sampling and detecting ultrafine bioaerosol(s) such as viruses and proteins, which can be smaller than 0.3 μm in diameter and can be as small as 20 nm.

    摘要翻译: 示例性实施方案提供了用于检测生物气溶胶的生物气溶胶检测系统和方法。 在一个实施方案中,生物气溶胶检测系统可以包括加湿器,以使用生物相容的液体介质增加生物气溶胶样品的连续流动的样品体积的湿度,以及放大器以在生物气溶胶样品上沉积蒸气用于粒度扩增过程。 因此可以检测和采样生物气溶胶,同时保持其生存力。 所公开的生物气溶胶检测系统和方法可以提供高效率的采样和检测超细生物气溶胶如病毒和蛋白质,其直径可以小于0.3μm,并且可以小至20nm。