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公开(公告)号：US5699164A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-16
申请号：US627435
申请日：1996-04-04
CPC分类号： G01N21/57
摘要： The use of a telecentric system allows for minimizing the changes in the measured radiometric quantity as a result of defocus or tilt of the object under measurement or of the detector. In a preferred embodiment, a telecentric illuminating system is provided, which illuminates an object from a source. A telecentric receiving system receives reflections from the object and relays them to a detector. In another preferred embodiment, a telecentric system is also described that is appropriate for radiance or radiant intensity measurements.
摘要翻译： 使用远心系统允许由于被测物体或检测器的散焦或倾斜而使测量的辐射量的变化最小化。 在优选实施例中，提供远心照明系统，其从源照射物体。 远心接收系统从物体接收反射并将其转发到检测器。 在另一个优选实施例中，还描述了适用于辐射强度或辐射强度测量的远心系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4390787A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-28
申请号：US202032
申请日：1980-10-29
CPC分类号： G01N21/6486
摘要： A method for UV (ultraviolet) fluorescence counting of selected biological masses, such as egg masses, on foliage samples comprising the steps of: exposing a foliage sample having attached egg masses to UV radiation by a scanning beam; discriminating between the fluoresced light due to the masses and the fluoresced light due to other biological or foliage components; and counting the egg masses based upon the fluoresced light emitted by the egg masses. Also, an apparatus for UV fluorescence counting of egg masses on foliage samples is provided comprising a sample feed means having a test chamber; combined electro-optical sample scanner, fluorescent light divider, and detector; and an electronic signal discriminator and counter for selecting the divided fluorescent light signals emitted by egg masses from the emitted light of other foliage components, to thereby provide a count of the egg masses.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在叶面样品上选择的生物质量例如蛋质量的紫外（紫外）荧光计数的方法，包括以下步骤：通过扫描光束将附着的卵块的叶子样品暴露于UV辐射; 区分由于质量引起的荧光的光和由其他生物或叶子成分引起的荧光; 并根据蛋块发出的荧光发光计数鸡蛋质量。 此外，提供了一种用于在叶子样品上进行蛋白质的紫外荧光计数的装置，其包括具有测试室的样品进料装置; 组合电光采样扫描仪，荧光灯分光器和检测器; 以及电子信号鉴别器和计数器，用于从其他叶面成分的发射光中选择由卵块发出的分开的荧光信号，从而提供卵量的计数。
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公开(公告)号：US4309075A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-05
申请号：US82230
申请日：1979-10-05
CPC分类号： G02B5/0825 , G02B5/0891 , G02B5/26
摘要： A high reflectance mirror utilizing a dielectric stack having multiple layers of low and high refractive index material, at least one of which is absorbing at the design wavelength. At least one pair of layers is formed on a substructure with the thickness of the individual layers being both different from a quarterwave optical thickness and preselected to maximize the reflectance of the mirror. Mirrors in which both dielectric materials in the stack have different absorptances at the design wavelength are disclosed with the layer thickness of one or more optimum pairs formed on a substructure being different from a quarterwave optical thickness such that the layers of higher absorptance material are less than a quarterwave optical thickness and the layers of lower absorptance material are more than a quarterwave optical thickness. The individual thicknesses of the layers are optimized to provide maximum reflectance, leading to a non-periodic stack when a substantial number of such optimum pairs of layers are utilized.
摘要翻译： 一种使用具有多层低折射率材料和高折射率材料的电介质堆叠的高反射镜，其中至少一层在设计波长下吸收。 在子结构上形成至少一对层，其中各层的厚度与四分之一波长的光学厚度不同，并被预选为使反射镜的反射率最大化。 公开了其中堆叠中的两个介电材料在设计波长处具有不同吸收率的反射镜，其中形成在子结构上的一个或多个最佳对的层厚度不同于四分之一波长的光学厚度，使得较高吸收材料的层小于 四分之一波长的光学厚度和较低的吸收材料的层数大于四分之一波长的光学厚度。 优化层的各个厚度以提供最大反射率，当使用相当数量的这种最佳层对时，导致非周期性堆叠。
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公开(公告)号：US6074730A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US1974
申请日：1997-12-31
CPC分类号： C03C17/3417 , G02B1/115 , G02B1/116 , C03C2217/734 , C03C2217/948 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/24975
摘要： A broad-band multilayer antireflection coating comprising four layers designed for deposition in an inline magnetron sputtering machine. The optical thickness of the third layer from the substrate is less than one quarter of a wavelength in the center of the low-reflection band, and the second and fourth layers are made of silicon dioxide.
摘要翻译： 宽带多层抗反射涂层，包括设计用于在直列磁控溅射机中沉积的四层。 来自基板的第三层的光学厚度小于低反射带中心的波长的四分之一，第二和第四层由二氧化硅制成。
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公开(公告)号：US07238424B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-03
申请号：US10741896
申请日：2003-12-19
申请人： Vladimir P. Raksha , Paul T. Kohlmann , Richard A. Bradley , Charles K. Carniglia , Alberto Argoitia , Roger W. Phillips
发明人： Vladimir P. Raksha , Paul T. Kohlmann , Richard A. Bradley , Charles K. Carniglia , Alberto Argoitia , Roger W. Phillips
CPC分类号： C09C1/0024 , C01P2006/62 , C01P2006/63 , C01P2006/64 , C01P2006/65 , C09C1/0015 , C09C1/0051 , C09C2200/308 , Y10S428/913 , Y10T428/2991
摘要： The light transmitted and reflected by all-dielectric optically variable pigments varies according to viewing angle. The color travel of an all-dielectric optically variable pigment depends on amplitude changes and wavelength shifts in reflectance peaks of the pigment. The width and center wavelength of reflectance peaks can be controlled by selecting the ratio of thicknesses between high-index and low-index layers in a thin film stack. Reflectance peaks can regenerate or become suppressed and shift with tilt angle, thus providing a wide variety of color trajectories.
摘要翻译： 由全介电光可变颜料透射和反射的光根据视角而变化。 全介电光学颜料的颜色行程取决于颜料反射峰值的振幅变化和波长偏移。 可以通过选择薄膜叠层中高折射率层和低折射率层之间的厚度比来控制反射峰的宽度和中心波长。 反射峰可以再生或被抑制，并以倾斜角移动，从而提供各种颜色轨迹。
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