公开(公告)号：US09348038B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-24

申请号：US13822891

申请日：2011-09-13

申请人： John Rowlands ,  Giovanni Decrescenzo ,  Chandra Pokhrel ,  Alla Reznik

发明人： John Rowlands ,  Giovanni Decrescenzo ,  Chandra Pokhrel ,  Alla Reznik

IPC分类号： G01T1/16 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/361 ,  G01T1/24 ,  H04N5/359 ,  H01L31/115 ,  A61B6/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/246 ,  A61B6/4208 ,  A61B6/583 ,  G01T1/16 ,  H01L31/115 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/3597 ,  H04N5/361

摘要： Systems and methods of resetting a blocking-type photoconductive imaging detector are provided. In one embodiment, after having obtained an image, the imaging detector may be reset by applying a reversed bias potential difference and illuminating the imaging radiation detector with photoexcitation radiation. The photoexcitation radiation has a wavelength selected to excite mobile charges within the photoconductive layer and a spatial intensity profile related to the measured image for neutralizing the trapped charges in a spatially compensated manner. In another embodiment, a photoionizing beam is directed onto an x-ray light valve having a liquid crystal layer in contact with a photoconductive layer. The beam passes through an optically transmissive surface of the x-ray light valve and photoionizes a species within the liquid crystal layer, generating mobile charged entities that at least partially neutralize charges trapped at the interface, improving the performance of the x-ray light valve when performing subsequent x-ray imaging.

摘要翻译： 提供了重置阻挡型光导成像检测器的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，在获得图像之后，可以通过施加反向偏置电位差来复位成像检测器，并用光激发辐射照射成像放射线检测器。 光激发辐射具有选择的波长以激发光电导层内的移动电荷，以及与测量图像相关的空间强度分布，用于以空间补偿的方式中和被捕获的电荷。 在另一个实施例中，光电离束被引导到具有与光电导层接触的液晶层的x射线光阀上。 光束通过X射线光阀的透光表面并使液晶层内的物质光离子化，产生至少部分中和在界面处被捕获的电荷的移动带电实体，从而改善了x射线光阀的性能 当执行后续的X射线成像时。

公开(公告)号：US20130221241A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-29

申请号：US13822891

申请日：2011-09-13

申请人： John Rowlands ,  Giovanni Decrescenzo ,  Chandra Pokhrel ,  Alla Reznik

发明人： John Rowlands ,  Giovanni Decrescenzo ,  Chandra Pokhrel ,  Alla Reznik

IPC分类号： G01T1/16

CPC分类号： G01T1/246 ,  A61B6/4208 ,  A61B6/583 ,  G01T1/16 ,  H01L31/115 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/3597 ,  H04N5/361

摘要： Systems and methods of resetting a blocking-type photoconductive imaging detector are provided. In one embodiment, after having obtained an image, the imaging detector may be reset by applying a reversed bias potential difference and illuminating the imaging radiation detector with photoexcitation radiation. The photoexcitation radiation has a wavelength selected to excite mobile charges within the photoconductive layer and a spatial intensity profile related to the measured image for neutralizing the trapped charges in a spatially compensated manner. In another embodiment, a photoionizing beam is directed onto an x-ray light valve having a liquid crystal layer in contact with a photoconductive layer. The beam passes through an optically transmissive surface of the x-ray light valve and photoionizes a species within the liquid crystal layer, generating mobile charged entities that at least partially neutralize charges trapped at the interface, improving the performance of the x-ray light valve when performing subsequent x-ray imaging.

摘要翻译： 提供了重置阻挡型光导成像检测器的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，在获得图像之后，可以通过施加反向偏置电位差来复位成像检测器，并用光激发辐射照射成像放射线检测器。 光激发辐射具有选择的波长以激发光电导层内的移动电荷，以及与测量图像相关的空间强度分布，用于以空间补偿的方式中和被捕获的电荷。 在另一个实施例中，光电离束被引导到具有与光电导层接触的液晶层的x射线光阀上。 光束通过X射线光阀的透光表面并使液晶层内的物质光离子化，产生至少部分中和在界面处被捕获的电荷的移动带电实体，从而改善了x射线光阀的性能 当执行后续的X射线成像时。

公开(公告)号：US06172369B2

公开(公告)日：2001-01-09

申请号：US09000483

申请日：1998-07-21

申请人： David Waechter ,  Wei Zhou ,  John Rowlands ,  Zhong Shou Huang

发明人： David Waechter ,  Wei Zhou ,  John Rowlands ,  Zhong Shou Huang

IPC分类号： H01G27146

CPC分类号： H01L27/14643

摘要： A flat panel detector for radiation imaging includes an array of transistor switches each of which is associated with a pixel electrode. A radiation transducer including a top electrode and a radiation conversion layer is disposed over the array. Inhibiting mechanisms are positioned over dead zones between adjacent pixel electrodes to inhibit the accumulation of charge in the radiation conversion layer at the dead zones when the top electrode is biased and the flat panel detector is exposed to radiation. In one embodiment, the inhibiting mechanism is constituted by islands formed of semiconductor material between the array and the radiation transducer. Each island is positioned over a dead zone between adjacent pixel electrodes and contacts a pixel electrode to allow charges accumulated on the islands to drift to the pixel electrodes.

摘要翻译： 用于放射成像的平板检测器包括晶体管开关阵列，每个晶体管开关与像素电极相关联。 包括顶电极和辐射转换层的辐射换能器设置在阵列上。 抑制机构位于相邻像素电极之间的死区之上，以在顶部电极偏置并且平板检测器暴露于辐射时抑制在死区处的辐射转换层中的电荷的累积。 在一个实施例中，抑制机构由阵列和辐射换能器之间的半导体材料形成的岛构成。 每个岛位于相邻像素电极之间的死区之上并且接触像素电极，以允许积聚在岛上的电荷漂移到像素电极。

公开(公告)号：US20060131512A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-22

申请号：US11340710

申请日：2006-01-27

申请人： Geordi Pang ,  John Rowlands

发明人： Geordi Pang ,  John Rowlands

IPC分类号： H01J47/02

CPC分类号： G01T1/2928 ,  G01T1/2935

摘要： The present invention provides a practical design of a megavoltage x-ray detector with both high quantum efficiency (QE) and high resolution. The x-ray detector disclosed herein has a QE that can be an order of magnitude higher than that of current flat panel systems and yet has a spatial resolution equivalent to that of current flat panel systems used for portal imaging. The x-ray detector includes a large number of micro-structured electrically conducting plates, packed together with thin spacers placed between neighboring plates with the micro-structured plates oriented to be parallel to the incident x-rays in operation. Each plate includes an electrically conductive substrate with a first planar surface, elongate electrically conductive strip electrodes separated from each other with strip spacers placed in between and sitting on an insulating layer interposed between the first planar surface of the electrically conductive substrate and the strip electrodes. A power supply applies a bias voltage between each electrically conductive substrate and the electrically conductive strip electrodes, whereby x-rays absorbed in the conductive substrate generates high energy electrons which produce ions in an ionization medium located in spaces between the conductive substrate and the electrically conductive strips. A detector detects an electrical current generated in the electrically conductive strip electrodes and a 2D active readout matrix is coupled to the detector.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了具有高量子效率（QE）和高分辨率的兆伏X射线检测器的实际设计。 本文公开的X射线检测器具有可以比当前平板系统高出一个数量级的QE，并且具有与用于门静脉成像的当前平板系统相同的空间分辨率。 X射线检测器包括大量微结构的导电板，它们与设置在相邻板之间的薄间隔物一起封装，微型结构板在操作中被定向成平行于入射的X射线。 每个板包括具有第一平面表面的导电基板，细长的导电条电极彼此分开，带状间隔物位于介于导电基板的第一平坦表面和带状电极之间的绝缘层上。 电源在每个导电衬底和导电条电极之间施加偏置电压，由此吸收在导电衬底中的x射线产生高能电子，其在位于导电衬底和导电衬底之间的空间中的电离介质中产生离子 带子。 检测器检测在导电条电极中产生的电流，并且2D有源读出矩阵耦合到检测器。

公开(公告)号：USD262114S

公开(公告)日：1981-12-01

申请号：US44321

申请日：1979-05-31

申请人： John Rowlands

设计人： John Rowlands

公开(公告)号：US20060054835A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-16

申请号：US11201658

申请日：2005-08-10

申请人： John Rowlands ,  Wei Zhao

发明人： John Rowlands ,  Wei Zhao

IPC分类号： G01T1/26

CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/2928

摘要： The present invention is an indirect AMFPI wherein a phosphor such as a structured cesium iodide (CsI) is used to convert x-ray energy to optical photons or a charge, which is then detected by a two-dimensional array of either thin-film transistors (TFTs) such as an amorphous a-Se TFTs or a photodiode array. A scanning control circuit generates pulses to turn on the TFTs one row at a time, and thus the charge in the individual arrays is transferred from the TFT to one or more external charge-sensitive amplifiers. The charge-sensitive amplifiers are shared by all the pixels in the same column. The two-dimensional array can be read in real time.

摘要翻译： 本发明是间接AMFPI，其中使用诸如结构化碘化铯（CsI）的磷光体将x射线能量转换成光子或电荷，然后通过薄膜晶体管的二维阵列 （TFT），例如非晶形a-Se TFT或光电二极管阵列。 扫描控制电路产生脉冲以一次一行地导通TFT，因此各阵列中的电荷从TFT传送到一个或多个外部电荷敏感放大器。 电荷敏感放大器由同一列中的所有像素共享。 可以实时读取二维数组。

公开(公告)号：US20070201616A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11704371

申请日：2007-02-09

申请人： John Rowlands ,  Christie Webster ,  Ivaylo Koprinarov ,  Peter Oakham ,  Stephen Germann ,  James Stiles

发明人： John Rowlands ,  Christie Webster ,  Ivaylo Koprinarov ,  Peter Oakham ,  Stephen Germann ,  James Stiles

IPC分类号： H05G1/64

CPC分类号： G01T1/246 ,  G01N2223/03 ,  G01N2223/50 ,  G02F1/1354 ,  G02F2001/1352

摘要： The present invention provides a digital x-ray radiographic imaging system. The system is based on a photoconductive detector and an electro-optic light modulator, where the photoconductive detector layer absorbs x-rays that have passed through an object to form an exposure of the object. The absorbed x-rays create a static optical image, which is stored in the electro-optic light modulator, allowing the capture of the optical image to continue over longer time. The optical image is digitized using a scanning system and an external light source. The image is then processed and stored by a computer. After the optical image is recorded, an erasing mechanism is used to reset the system before a new exposure is made.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种数字X射线照相成像系统。 该系统基于光电导检测器和电光调制器，其中光电导检测器层吸收已经通过物体的X射线以形成物体的曝光。 吸收的X射线产生静电光学图像，其被存储在电光调制器中，允许光学图像的捕获在更长的时间内继续。 光学图像使用扫描系统和外部光源进行数字化。 然后图像被计算机处理和存储。 在记录光学图像之后，在进行新的曝光之前，使用擦除机构重置系统。

公开(公告)号：US20070164225A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

申请号：US11649362

申请日：2007-01-04

申请人： Geordi Pang ,  John Rowlands

发明人： Geordi Pang ,  John Rowlands

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/22 ,  G01T1/29

摘要： The present invention provides a practical design of a megavoltage x-ray detector with both high quantum efficiency (QE) and high resolution. The x-ray detector includes an optical-fiber taper (OFT) made from a large number of optical fibers, each of which is aligned with the incident x-rays from an x-ray source hitting a top surface of the optical fiber taper. The optical-fiber taper is a matrix of optical fibers with the core material made of, e.g., silica and coated with a cladding glass or polymer such that light created within the core of each optical fiber will be guided to the bottom ends of the fiber with the ends of the fibers at the bottom being optically coupled to and optical image read-out device. Each optical fiber in the optical fiber taper is fully aligned with the incident x-ray source so that x-rays entering the top of the fiber travel directly towards the bottom of the same fiber. This alignment (or focusing) of the optical-fiber taper towards the x-ray source can be achieved by an extra coating at the bottoms of the optical fibers so they have a larger diameter than the other top ends of the fibers.

公开(公告)号：US20070025509A1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

申请号：US11181339

申请日：2005-07-13

申请人： Geordi Pang ,  Ali Bani-Hashemi ,  John Rowlands

发明人： Geordi Pang ,  Ali Bani-Hashemi ,  John Rowlands

IPC分类号： A61N5/10

CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 ,  A61B6/025 ,  A61B6/5288 ,  A61B6/583 ,  A61N5/1037 ,  A61N2005/1061

摘要： A 4-dimensional digital tomosynthesis system includes an x-ray source, an x-ray detector and a processor. The x-ray source is suitable for emitting x-ray beams to an object with a periodic motion. The periodic motion is divided into (n+1) time intervals, n being a positive integer. Each of the (n+1) time intervals is associated with a time instance ti, i=0, 1, 2, . . . , n. The x-ray detector is coupled to the x-ray source for acquiring projection radiographs of the object at each time instance ti for each scan angle based on the x-ray beams. The processor is communicatively coupled to the x-ray source and the x-ray detector for controlling the x-ray source and processing data received from the x-ray detector such that all projection radiographs acquired from all scan angles for each time instance ti are reconstructed and (n+1) sets of cross sections of the object are obtained. The cross section is either a coronal cross section or a sagittal cross section. Each of the (n+1) sets of cross sections is for a different time instance ti.

摘要翻译： 4维数字断层合成系统包括x射线源，x射线检测器和处理器。 x射线源适合于向具有周期运动的物体发射X射线束。 周期运动分为（n + 1）个时间间隔，n为正整数。 （n + 1）个时间间隔中的每一个与时间实例t i i i i，i = 0,1,2，...相关联。 。 。 ，n。 x射线检测器耦合到x射线源，用于基于X射线束针对每个扫描角度的每个时间实例t 1采集物体的投影射线照片。 处理器通信地耦合到x射线源和X射线检测器，用于控制x射线源和从x射线检测器接收的处理数据，使得对于每个时间t t从所有扫描角度获取的所有投影射线照片， SUB＆gt; i＆lt; i＆gt;被重构，并且获得对象的（n + 1）个横截面集合。 横截面是冠状截面或矢状截面。 第（n + 1）组横截面中的每一个都是用于不同的时间实例t 。