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公开(公告)号:US07282616B2
公开(公告)日:2007-10-16
申请号:US10450949
申请日:2001-12-19
申请人: Jouko Nikkonen , Jyrki Hiltunen , Jaana Makkonen , Marja Tiitta , Isto Eilos , Pasi Hagelberg
发明人: Jouko Nikkonen , Jyrki Hiltunen , Jaana Makkonen , Marja Tiitta , Isto Eilos , Pasi Hagelberg
CPC分类号: C07C5/2775 , C07C2521/04 , C07C2521/12 , C07C2529/04 , C07C2529/85 , Y02P20/584 , Y10S585/922 , C07C11/02
摘要: A process for converting an olefin feed to hydrocarbons suitable for fuel components or their feedstock. According to the process, an olefin feed, possibly together with another hydrocarbon feed, is contacted in a reactor with a catalyst in order to produce a hydrocarbon having at least one alkyl side chain. In the invention, the olefin feed is contacted with a particle-form fluidized catalyst in a circulating-bed reactor, wherein the catalyst forms the circulating bed of the reactor. When the operation is carried out in a circulating-bed reactor, the retention time of the feedstock is short. In this case, iso-olefins are formed quite selectively from n-olefins in isomerization. Since the useful life of the catalyst lengthens while the catalytic activity of the bed remains high for a long time, the conversion level also remains high. A long useful life of the catalyst is an economically highly significant advantage. In a circulating-bed reactor the regeneration of the catalyst can be carried out quite flexibly, and the operation of the reactor need not be interrupted for the duration of regeneration.
摘要翻译: 将烯烃进料转化为适用于燃料组分或其原料的烃的方法。 根据该方法,烯烃进料可能与另一种烃进料一起在反应器中与催化剂接触,以便产生具有至少一个烷基侧链的烃。 在本发明中,烯烃进料在循环床反应器中与颗粒形式的流化催化剂接触,其中催化剂形成反应器的循环床。 当在循环床反应器中进行操作时,原料的停留时间短。 在这种情况下,异构烯烃在异构化中非常选择性地从正构烯烃形成。 由于催化剂的使用寿命延长,而床的催化活性长时间保持较高,转化率也保持较高。 催化剂的长期使用寿命是经济上显着的优势。 在循环床反应器中,可以相当灵活地进行催化剂的再生,并且在再生持续期间不需要中断反应器的操作。
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公开(公告)号:US20100034727A1
公开(公告)日:2010-02-11
申请号:US12525149
申请日:2008-02-01
申请人: Tarja Turkki , Perttu Heiska , Pasi Hagelberg , Veikko Laakso
发明人: Tarja Turkki , Perttu Heiska , Pasi Hagelberg , Veikko Laakso
IPC分类号: C01F11/46
CPC分类号: C01F11/466 , C01F11/46 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/88 , C01P2004/03 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/52 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C09C1/025 , Y10T428/2982
摘要: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a gypsum product wherein calcium sulphate hemihydrate and/or calcium sulphate anhydrite and water are contacted so that the calcium sulphate hemihydrate and/or calcium sulphate anhydrite and the water react with each other and form a gypsum product. The reaction mixture has a dry matter content of 34-84% by weight in order to obtain a gypsum product which consists of crystals that are small, flat and of as equal size as possible. The invention also relates to a product prepared by this process. A gypsum product is formed which consists of essentially intact crystals having a size of between 0.1 and below 2.0 μm. The products are applicable e.g. as fillers or coating pigments in e.g. paper industry.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种制备石膏制品的方法,其中硫酸钙半水合物和/或硫酸钙无水石膏和水接触,使得硫酸钙半水合物和/或硫酸钙无水石膏和水彼此反应并形成石膏 产品。 反应混合物的干物质含量为34-84重量%,以获得由尽可能小的,平坦的和等尺寸的晶体组成的石膏产品。 本发明还涉及通过该方法制备的产品。 形成石膏产品,其由基本上完整的晶体组成,其尺寸为0.1至小于2.0μm。 产品适用于 作为例如填料或涂料颜料。 纸业。
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公开(公告)号:US20100062255A1
公开(公告)日:2010-03-11
申请号:US12525129
申请日:2008-02-01
申请人: Reijo Aksela , Outi Gronfors , Pasi Hagelberg , Perttu Heiska , Hanna-Mari Kangaslahti , Jori Kerala , Jarmo Reunanen , Esko Tirronen , Tarja Turkki
发明人: Reijo Aksela , Outi Gronfors , Pasi Hagelberg , Perttu Heiska , Hanna-Mari Kangaslahti , Jori Kerala , Jarmo Reunanen , Esko Tirronen , Tarja Turkki
CPC分类号: C01F11/466 , C01F11/46 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/88 , C01P2004/03 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/52 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C09C1/025 , Y10T428/2982
摘要: The invention relates to a gypsum product which consists of essentially intact crystals having a size of between 0.1 and below 2.0 μm. The product is especially suitable as a coating pigment or filler in paper manufacture. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a gypsum product, wherein calcium sulphate hemihydrate and/or calcium sulphate anhydrite, water and a crystallization habit modifier are contacted so that the calcium sulphate hemihydrate and/or calcium sulphate anhydrite and the water are reacted with each other and form a crystalline gypsum product. The calcium sulphate hemihydrate and/or calcium sulphate anhydrite is/are used in such an amount that the reaction mixture formed from the calcium sulphate hemihydrate and/or calcium sulphate anhydrite, the water and the crystallization habit modifier has a dry matter content of between 50 and 84% by weight. Then, said gypsum product can be formed which consists of essentially intact crystals having a size of between 0.1 and below 2.0 μm.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种由基本上完整的晶体组成的石膏产品,其尺寸为0.1至小于2.0μm。 该产品特别适用于纸张制造中的涂料颜料或填料。 本发明还涉及一种制备石膏制品的方法,其中硫酸钙半水合物和/或硫酸钙无水石膏,水和结晶习性调节剂接触,使得硫酸钙半水合物和/或硫酸钙无水石膏和水是 彼此反应并形成结晶石膏产品。 硫酸钙半水合物和/或硫酸钙无水石膏的使用量使得由硫酸钙半水合物和/或硫酸钙无水石膏形成的反应混合物,水和结晶习性改性剂的干物质含量为50 和84重量%。 然后,可以形成所述石膏制品,其由尺寸为0.1至小于2.0μm的基本上完整的晶体组成。
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