摘要:
Provided are a cognitive radio (CR) cooperative spectrum sensing method and a fusion center (FC) performing CR cooperative spectrum sensing. The CR cooperative spectrum sensing method includes receiving, at an FC, local spectrum sensing information about a predetermined frequency band from each of N secondary users (SUs) in a predetermined zone, determining, at the FC, the optimum number of SUs for determining whether the predetermined frequency band is being used by a primary user (PU) on the basis of the received local spectrum sensing information, and performing cooperative spectrum sensing on the basis of local spectrum sensing information received from the optimum number of SUs in the predetermined zone. The method is implemented by the FC. Accordingly, the method and FC find how many SUs are needed to determine that a frequency of a PU is being used in a corresponding-channel situation, thereby enabling efficient communication.
摘要:
Provided are a cognitive radio (CR) cooperative spectrum sensing method and a fusion center (FC) performing CR cooperative spectrum sensing. The CR cooperative spectrum sensing method includes receiving, at an FC, local spectrum sensing information about a predetermined frequency band from each of N secondary users (SUs) in a predetermined zone, determining, at the FC, the optimum number of SUs for determining whether the predetermined frequency band is being used by a primary user (PU) on the basis of the received local spectrum sensing information, and performing cooperative spectrum sensing on the basis of local spectrum sensing information received from the optimum number of SUs in the predetermined zone. The method is implemented by the FC. Accordingly, the method and FC find how many SUs are needed to determine that a frequency of a PU is being used in a corresponding-channel situation, thereby enabling efficient communication.
摘要:
Provided is an apparatus for designing a quantum code, which includes an analyzing unit for analyzing at least one quantum error generated in a quantum error channel as at least one binary error by using a standard form codeword stabilized quantum (CWS) code, a code generating unit for generating a binary error-correcting code which corrects the at least one binary error, a word operator generating unit for generating at least one word operator of the CWS code by using the at least one binary error-correcting code, and a codeword generating unit for generating at least one codeword including at least one entangled qubit (ebit) by using the at least one word operator.
摘要:
A cooperative transmission method includes: a first operation of coding, by a source node, a message desired to be transmitted according to a first encoding scheme to generate a first codeword and transmitting the first codeword to a relay node and a destination node; a second operation of decoding, by the relay node, the first codeword which has been received from the source node, coding the decoded message according to a second coding scheme to generate a second codeword, coding a part corresponding to parity of the second codeword according to the first coding scheme to generate a third codeword, and transmitting the third codeword to the destination node; and a third operation of decoding, by the destination node, the first codeword which has been received from the source node and the third codeword which has been received from the relay node, combining the message generated by decoding the first codeword and the parity part of the second codeword generated by decoding the third codeword to generate a fourth codeword according to the second coding scheme, and decoding the fourth codeword to estimate the message desired to be transmitted.
摘要:
Provided is an apparatus for estimating phase offsets of multiple survival paths and a satellite communication system using the same. The apparatus includes: upper/lower decoding units for obtaining a phase offset estimation value and estimating phase offsets of each survival path based on a stored parameter estimation value of a previous state inputted from an external device; an interleaving/de-interleaving unit for minimizing correlation between data used to estimate a parameter according to the estimated phase offset value from the upper/lower decoding means; and a phase offset outputting unit for outputting the phase offset value estimated through the upper decoding unit and the de-interleaving unit.
摘要:
A method of avoiding collisions in a mobile communication system having an access network and at least one access terminal. The method includes receiving, from the at least one access terminal, a service connection request message including an access terminal identifier and a time identifier, and comparing a time information of the received time identifier to a reset time of the at least one access network. Further, if the time information precedes the reset time as a result of the comparison, the method includes broadcasting a session close message including the access terminal identifier and the time identifier to the at least one access terminal.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for transmitting in a multi-user multi-antenna system are provided. The apparatus includes a precoder for orthogonalizing a channel by removing a channel element of a corresponding terminal with respect to multiple terminals, for determining an effective channel of each terminal by decomposing the orthogonalized channel using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), for determining a precoding matrix using the effective channel, and for mapping data streams of the multiple terminals to a plurality of transmit antennas using the precoding matrix, and the plurality of the transmit antennas for transmitting the data streams of the multiple terminals. Hence, it is possible to obtain an iteration algorithm performance requiring considerable computation while avoiding complexity and reducing computation.
摘要:
Provided are an apparatus for estimating a phase error and a phase error correcting system using the phase error estimating apparatus. The apparatus includes: a probability value estimating unit for estimating a negative log probability value for each transmission symbol by transforming a soft output information transferred from the outside to a log A posterior probability ratio (LAPPR) value; an APP value calculating unit for calculating a posterior probability (APP) value by applying a negative exponential function to the transmission symbol; an average value deciding unit for deciding an average value for each transmission symbol using the probability information entirely, partially, or selectively according to a probability information type; and a symbol phase estimating unit for estimating a phase of a symbol based on the decided average value.
摘要:
Provided is an apparatus for designing a quantum code, which includes an analyzing unit for analyzing at least one quantum error generated in a quantum error channel as at least one binary error by using a standard form codeword stabilized quantum (CWS) code, a code generating unit for generating a binary error-correcting code which corrects the at least one binary error, a word operator generating unit for generating at least one word operator of the CWS code by using the at least one binary error-correcting code, and a codeword generating unit for generating at least one codeword including at least one entangled qubit (ebit) by using the at least one word operator.
摘要:
Substrate heat treatment apparatus and method are provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a substrate heat treatment apparatus including an inner shell configured to form a substrate housing space to house at least one substrate, an outer shell configured to cover the inner shell, and having at least one gas hole, and at least one heater configured to heat the substrate, wherein the at least one gas hole is configured to allow a first gas to be injected into a space between the inner shell and the outer shell.