摘要:
Improved membranes and improved membrane processes for treating gas streams containing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane, particularly natural gas streams. The processes rely on the availability of two membrane types, one of which has a hydrogen sulfide/methane selectivity of at least about 40 when measured with multicomponent gas mixtures at high pressure. Based on the different permeation properties of the two membrane types, optimized separation processes can be designed.
摘要:
Improved membranes and improved membrane processes for treating gas streams containing hydrogen sulfide and methane, plus water vapor, carbon dioxide or both. The processes rely on the availability of two membrane types, one of which has a high hydrogen sulfide/methane selectivity and a high water vapor/methane selectivity, when measured with multicomponent gas mixtures at high pressures. Based on the different permeation properties of the two membrane types, optimized separation processes can be designed. In favorable cases, the processes can simultaneously dehydrate the gas stream and remove the hydrogen sulfide to very low levels.
摘要:
A process for treating natural gas or other methane-rich gas to remove excess nitrogen. The invention relies on two-stage membrane separation, using methane-selective membranes for the first stage and nitrogen-selective membranes for the second stage. The process enables the nitrogen content of the gas to be substantially reduced, without requiring the membranes to be operated at very low temperatures.
摘要:
Processes and apparatus for providing improved catalytic cracking, specifically improved recovery of olefins, LPG or hydrogen from catalytic crackers. The improvement is achieved by passing part of the wet gas stream across membranes selective in favor of light hydrocarbons over hydrogen.
摘要:
Processes and apparatus for providing improved catalytic reforming, specifically improved recovery of reformate and hydrogen from catalytic reformers. The improvement is achieved by passing portions of the reactor effluent or streams derived from the reactor effluent across membranes selective in favor of light hydrocarbons over hydrogen.
摘要:
A process for treating gas streams containing hydrogen and hydrocarbons. The process includes a membrane conditioning step to remove C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbons, followed by a selective adsorption or membrane separation step to separate hydrogen from methane. The membrane conditioning step uses a membrane selective for C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbons over hydrogen.
摘要:
Improved processes for treating gas streams containing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane, particularly natural gas streams. The processes rely on the availability of two membrane types, one of which has a hydrogen sulfide/methane selectivity of at least about 40 when measured with multicomponent gas mixtures at high pressure. Based on the different permeation properties of the two membrane types, optimized separation processes can be designed. The membrane separation is combined with non-membrane treatment of the residue and/or permeate streams.
摘要:
An improved process for separating hydrogen from hydrocarbons. The process includes a pressure swing adsorption step, a compression/cooling step and a membrane separation step. The membrane step uses a rubbery polymeric membrane selective for all C1-C6 hydrocarbons over hydrogen. The process can produce three products: a high-purity hydrogen stream, an LPG stream and a light hydrocarbon fuel gas stream.
摘要:
An improved process for separating hydrogen from hydrocarbons. The process includes a pressure swing adsorption step, a compression/cooling step and a membrane separation step. The membrane step relies on achieving a methane/hydrogen selectivity of at least about 2.5 under the conditions of the process.
摘要:
Processes and apparatus for providing improved contaminant removal and hydrogen recovery in hydrogenation reactors, particularly in refineries and petrochemical plants. The improved contaminant removal is achieved by selective purging, by passing gases in the hydrogenation reactor recycle loop or purge stream across membranes selective in favor of the contaminant over hydrogen.