公开(公告)号：US4636731A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-13

申请号：US688106

申请日：1984-12-31

申请人： Kerry D. Savage ,  Percy T. Cox ,  Hans J. Paap

发明人： Kerry D. Savage ,  Percy T. Cox ,  Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/30

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： An anisotropic well logging system includes a well logging tool including a first transmitter coil spatially arranged within the well logging tool in a first predetermined manner and a second transmitter coil spatially arranged within the well logging tool in a second predetermined manner which ultimately transmits electromagnetic energy into the formation at a frequency which enables electromagnetic energy to propagate through the surrounding earth formation. A first pair of receiver coils spaced a predetermined distance from each other and from the first transmitter coil and spatially arranged within the well logging tool in the same manner as the first transmitter coil provides signals in accordance with the received electromagnetic energy. A second pair of receiver coils spatially arranged within the logging tool in the same predetermined manner as the second transmitter coil and spaced a predetermined distance from each other and another predetermined distance from the second transmitter coil provides signals in accordance with the received electromagnetic energy. A control apparatus controls the first and second transmitters so they alternately transmit the electromagnetic energy into the earth formation and also provides a control signal. Processing apparatus responsive to the control signal from the control apparatus provides one output representative of the vertical resistance of the earth formation and a second output representative of the horizontal resistance of the earth formation in accordance with the signals from the four receivers.

摘要翻译： 各向异性测井系统包括测井工具，其包括以第一预定方式空间地布置在测井工具内的第一发射器线圈和以第二预定方式空间地布置在测井工具内的第二发射器线圈，其最终将电磁能量传输到 以能够使电磁能量传播通过周围地层的频率的形成。 以与第一发射器线圈相同的方式与第一发射器线圈间隔预定距离并且在测井工具内空间布置的第一对接收器线圈根据接收的电磁能提供信号。 第二对接收器线圈以与第二发射器线圈相同的预定方式空间地布置在测井工具内，并且彼此隔开预定的距离，并且与第二发射器线圈的另外的预定距离根据所接收的电磁能量提供信号。 控制装置控制第一和第二发射器，使得它们交替地将电磁能量发射到地层中并且还提供控制信号。 响应于来自控制装置的控制信号的处理装置根据来自四个接收器的信号提供表示地层垂直电阻的一个输出和代表地层的水平电阻的第二输出。

公开(公告)号：US4592423A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-03

申请号：US610072

申请日：1984-05-14

申请人： Kerry D. Savage ,  Hans J. Paap

发明人： Kerry D. Savage ,  Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： E21B36/04 ,  E21B43/24

CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 ,  E21B36/04

摘要： The system and the method of the present invention for the in-situ retorting of a hydrocarbon stratum, having a borehole traversing it, with electrical energy at a radio frequency (hereinafter referred to as rf energy) includes apparatus for conducting the rf energy from an rf energy source down a borehole. The apparatus has an outer conductor and inner conductor. A first plurality of electrodes is inserted into the hydrocarbon stratum. A second plurality of electrodes spatially related to the first plurality of electrodes, is also inserted into a hydrocarbon stratum. A first conductive device makes contact between the outer conductor of the apparatus and the first plurality of electrodes. A second conductive device makes electrical contact between the inner conductor of the apparatus and the second plurality of electrodes so that when the rf source provides the rf energy, the rf energy is applied acorss that portion of the hydrocarbon stratum between the two pluralities of electrodes.

摘要翻译： 本发明的系统和方法，用于以具有无线电频率（以下称为射频能量）的电能对穿过其的钻孔进行原位蒸馏的烃层包括用于从射频 rf能量源在井下。 该装置具有外导体和内导体。 将第一组多个电极插入烃层中。 与第一多个电极空间相关的第二多个电极也被插入到烃层中。 第一导电装置使装置的外导体与第一多个电极接触。 第二导电装置在装置的内导体和第二多个电极之间进行电接触，使得当射频源提供射频能量时，射频能量施加于两层电极之间的烃层部分。

公开(公告)号：US4282760A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-11

申请号：US114482

申请日：1980-01-23

申请人： Robert W. Pitts, Jr. ,  Dan M. Arnold ,  Hans J. Paap

发明人： Robert W. Pitts, Jr. ,  Dan M. Arnold ,  Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/88 ,  G01N9/30

CPC分类号： G01N9/30 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/88

摘要： An improved multiphase fluid flow meter for fluid which contains gas. It has a full circle loop to subject the flowing fluid to centrifugal force, and it can measure the pressure differentials between the center and the outside and inside radii of the loop. Also it can measure the density of the average fluid flowing, plus the density of a continuous sampling of the gas and of the liquid constituent of the fluid.

摘要翻译： 一种用于包含气体的流体的改进的多相流体流量计。 它有一个完整的回路，使流体流体离心力，并可以测量中心与环路的外部和内部半径之间的压力差。 此外，它还可以测量平均流体流动的密度，以及气体和流体的液体成分的连续取样的密度。

公开(公告)号：US4228350A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-14

申请号：US859357

申请日：1977-12-12

申请人： Hans J. Paap ,  Albert P. Richter, Jr. ,  Harold E. Peelman ,  Dan M. Arnold ,  Hubert D. Scott

发明人： Hans J. Paap ,  Albert P. Richter, Jr. ,  Harold E. Peelman ,  Dan M. Arnold ,  Hubert D. Scott

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01N23/222 ,  G01V5/04 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/04 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  G01N23/222 ,  G01N2223/0745 ,  G01N2223/616

摘要： An underground logging tool is equipped with a gamma ray detector encircled by a rotatable shield featuring a collimator slot. After the fluid in a formation is activated by a neutron source, the detector is used to obtain radiation count information as a function of horizontal direction as the shield is rotated. Comparison of count rate data as a function of the shield slot orientation gives information concerning the direction of the formation fluid flow. Measurements at different time intervals following the activation of the fluid, made with the shield retracted from the detector, may also be interpreted in terms of speed of horizontal fluid flow past the tool.

摘要翻译： 一个地下测井工具配有一个伽马射线探测器，该伽马射线探测器由一个具有准直器槽的可旋转护罩环绕。 在地层中的流体被中子源激活之后，当屏蔽旋转时，检测器用于获得作为水平方向的函数的辐射计数信息。 作为屏蔽槽方向的函数的计数率数据的比较给出了关于地层流体流动方向的信息。 使用从检测器退出的护罩制成的流体激活后的不同时间间隔的测量也可以根据水平流体流过工具的速度来解释。

公开(公告)号：US4032779A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-28

申请号：US628170

申请日：1975-11-03

申请人： Dan M. Arnold ,  Hans J. Paap

发明人： Dan M. Arnold ,  Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/704 ,  G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： E21B47/1015 ,  G01F1/7042 ,  G01V5/101

摘要： Measurement of the distance from a gamma ray detector to a gamma ray source for location of a channel of undesired behind casing water flow in a producing well is provided. Coaxially aligned dual cylindrical gamma ray detector crystals are used at one or more longitudinally spaced locations in the borehole to detect the characteristic gamma rays from the decay of radioactive nitrogen 16 produced by the activation of elemental oxygen nuclei comprising the molecular structure of undesired water flow. The ratio of counts at the outer coaxial detector to those at the inner coaxial detector is then interpreted in terms of R, the distance from the detector to the water flow channel. This distance information may then be combined with the linear flow velocity of such undesired water flow to derive an indication of the volume flow rate V of such flow.

公开(公告)号：US4524272A

公开(公告)日：1985-06-18

申请号：US451635

申请日：1982-12-20

申请人： Hans J. Paap ,  Harry D. Smith, Jr.

发明人： Hans J. Paap ,  Harry D. Smith, Jr.

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： E21B47/1015 ,  G01V5/101

摘要： A method for measuring the location, linear flow rate, and volume flow rate of undesired water flow behind well casing in a well includes irradiating borehole environs with high energy neutrons from a neutron source located in a well tool in the borehole. Gamma rays from the decay of an unstable isotope which comprises a portion of any undesired behind casing flow present are detected with gamma ray detectors located in the well logging tool. Count signals representative of the detected gamma rays from at least one of the detectors are separated into at least three energy dependent signals. A ratio signal corresponding to the ratio of at least two of the three energy dependent signals is generated and an indication of the linear flow rate of the undesired behind casing water flow in a preferred direction is determined from the count signals from the detectors and from the first predetermined relationship. An indication of the volume flow rate of the water flow is generated from said ratio signal, the energy dependent signal not used in a generation of the ratio signal and the linear flow indication from a second predetermined relationship.

摘要翻译： 用于测量井中井套管后面不期望的水流的位置，线性流速和体积流量的方法包括用位于钻孔中的井具中的中子源的高能中子照射钻孔环境。 由存在于测井工具中的伽马射线探测器检测出由不稳定同位素衰变引起的伽马射线，其中存在任何不期望的后套管流动。 代表来自至少一个检测器的检测到的伽马射线的信号的计数被分成至少三个依赖于能量的信号。 产生对应于三个依赖于能量的信号中的至少两个的比率的比率信号，并且根据来自检测器的计数信号和从检测器的计数信号确定不期望的后套管水流在优选方向上的线性流量的指示 第一预定关系。 从所述比率信号产生水流的体积流量的指示，在比率信号的产生中不使用的能量相关信号和来自第二预定关系的线性流量指示。

公开(公告)号：US4365154A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-21

申请号：US127700

申请日：1980-03-06

申请人： Dan M. Arnold ,  Hans J. Paap

发明人： Dan M. Arnold ,  Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： G01N23/221 ,  G01N23/12 ,  G01N23/222 ,  G01V5/00 ,  G01T1/169

CPC分类号： G01N23/12 ,  G01N23/222 ,  G01N2223/0745 ,  G01N2223/635

摘要： Fluid containing free gas and in a pipeline or container at a refinery or at any of various petroleum producing operations is bombarded with neutrons and high energy gamma rays resulting from capture of thermal neutrons are detected. The spectra of the detected gamma rays are then analyzed to determine the concentration of the elements chlorine and hydrogen. The counting rate for thermal neutron gamma rays for hydrogen permits a measure of the hydrogen index (HI) of the fluid to be obtained. The hydrogen index and the relative concentrations of chlorine and hydrogen are used to obtain an indication of the presence and concentration of chlorine or salt water in the fluid.

摘要翻译： 含有游离气体的液体在炼油厂或各种石油生产操作中的管道或容器中被中子轰击，并且检测到由捕获热中子产生的高能γ射线。 然后分析检测到的γ射线的光谱，以确定元素氯和氢的浓度。 用于氢的热中子γ射线的计数率允许测量要获得的流体的氢指数（HI）。 使用氢指数和氯和氢的相对浓度来获得流体中氯或盐水的存在和浓度的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4301400A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-17

申请号：US106585

申请日：1979-12-26

申请人： Hans J. Paap

发明人： Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： G01N33/28 ,  G01R27/04

CPC分类号： G01N33/2823 ,  G01R27/04

摘要： A microwave water-in-crude monitor measures the percent quantity of water in crude oil flowing in a pipe line by causing the crude oil to flow through a measuring cell. A microwave transmitter is arranged with the measuring cell and transmits microwave energy through the measuring cell. A microwave receiver receives the energy transmitted through the measuring cell and provides a signal in accordance with the received energy. Apparatus connected to the microwave receiver provides a display of the water content of the crude oil in accordance with the signal from the microwave receiver.

摘要翻译： 微波原水监测仪通过使原油流过测量池来测量在管道中流动的原油中的水分百分比。 微波发射器与测量单元一起布置，并通过测量单元传输微波能量。 微波接收器接收通过测量单元传输的能量，并根据接收到的能量提供信号。 连接到微波接收器的设备根据来自微波接收器的信号显示原油的含水量。

公开(公告)号：US4458524A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-10

申请号：US335304

申请日：1981-12-28

申请人： Richard A. Meador ,  Hans J. Paap

发明人： Richard A. Meador ,  Hans J. Paap

IPC分类号： G01N27/22 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01N33/22

CPC分类号： G01N27/221 ,  G01N33/2823

摘要： A crude oil production stream analyzer includes a device which measures the dielectric constant of the crude oil production stream and provides a signal corresponding thereto. A densitometer provides a density signal representative of the density of the crude oil production stream. At least one constituent of the crude oil production stream is determined in accordance with the dielectric constant signal and the density signal and the temperature of the crude oil production stream which is sensed by a temperature sensor.

摘要翻译： 原油生产流分析仪包括测量原油生产流的介电常数并提供与其对应的信号的装置。 密度计提供表示原油生产流的密度的密度信号。 根据由温度传感器感测的原油生产流的介电常数信号和密度信号和温度来确定原油生产流的至少一个成分。

公开(公告)号：US4137452A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-30

申请号：US808422

申请日：1977-06-20

申请人： Hans J. Paap ,  Dan M. Arnold ,  Hubert D. Scott

发明人： Hans J. Paap ,  Dan M. Arnold ,  Hubert D. Scott

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/704 ,  G01V5/04 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/04 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  G01F1/7042

摘要： Fluid in permeable earth formations adjacent well casing is irradiated with neutrons to form radioactive tracer isotopes in the chemical elements comprising the fluid, typically sodium 24 in saline subsurface formation water, which decays by emission of gamma rays. By measuring the rate of decay of the radioactive isotope, a measure of horizontal fluid flow in the formation is obtained. Manganese, present in the steel well casing, has been found to also respond to the neutron irradiation by forming the isotope manganese 56 which emits gamma rays which interfere with the gamma radiation measurements of the trace element indicative of water flow. A method of measuring horizontal fluid flow while compensating for the presence of manganese 56 gamma rays is disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用中子照射渗透性地层中的流体，以在包含流体的化学元素中形成放射性示踪剂同位素，通常是通过发射γ射线而衰减的盐水地下地层水中的钠24。 通过测量放射性同位素的衰减速率，可以获得地层中水平流体流量的量度。 已经发现存在于钢壳套管中的锰也通过形成同时发生γ射线的同位素锰56来响应中子辐射，这些γ射线干扰了表示水流的微量元素的γ辐射测量。 公开了一种在补偿锰56伽马射线的存在的同时测量水平流体流动的方法。