摘要:
A belt device includes a belt; a driving unit that is provided inside the belt and drives the belt; a supporting unit that is provided inside the belt and supports the belt; and a position determination member that is fixed to one end in an axial direction of the driving unit or the supporting unit and comes in contact with an edge portion of the belt in the case where the belt is mounted so as to determine a position of the belt.
摘要:
A heating apparatus of the present invention includes a press member that undergoes driven rotation by contacting a heating member that rotates, the press member conveying a recording medium while nipping the recording medium between the press member and the heating member; a contact and separation mechanism that contacts the press member against the heating member and separates the press member away from the heating member; and a drive mechanism that rotationally drives the press member when the press member is separated from the heating member by the contact and separation mechanism.
摘要:
There is provided a heating controlling device having: a receiving section receiving heating instructions for plural heaters; and a controller that, when the receiving section receives a heating instruction to heat another heater while two or more heaters other than the heater for which the heating instruction is received are heating, stops heating of the heaters that are heating, after a first predetermined time period elapses from the control to stop heating, starts heating of the heater for which the heating instruction is received, and each time a number of second predetermined time periods elapses from the control to start heating, restarts heating, on the basis of predetermined priority rankings, of the heaters that were controlled to stop heating.
摘要:
In this invention, an EMF oxygen sensor is subjected to an activation process applying unidirectional voltage between an atmosphere electrode and an exhaust electrode thereof. A control device controlling the oxygen sensor in which a voltage was applied with the atmosphere electrode being positive, additionally applies unidirectional voltage between the electrodes to make the atmosphere electrode positive, for example, when the oxygen sensor was used under an environment in which the air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine was rich relative to the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Conversely, A control device controlling the oxygen sensor in which a voltage was applied to make the atmosphere electrode negative, additionally applies unidirectional voltage between the electrodes to make the atmosphere electrode negative, for example, when the oxygen sensor was used under an environment in which the air-fuel ratio was lean relative to the theoretical air-fuel ratio.
摘要:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas concentration detection apparatus that is capable of forming an accurate activity judgment when a gas concentration detection cell begins to detect gas concentration with high accuracy. When warm-up begins at time t0 in a NOx concentration detection apparatus that achieves NOx concentration detection with a NOx sensor cell after excess oxygen is discharged by an oxygen pump cell, a NOx sensor cell output begins to rise at time t1. Subsequently, at time t2, an oxygen pump cell output begins to rise. An inflection point appearing in the NOx sensor cell output is then located. At time t5 at which the inflection point appears, an activity judgment about the NOx sensor cell is formed.
摘要:
An abnormality diagnostic apparatus for a gas sensor includes a NOx sensor includes a main pump cell, an auxiliary pump cell, and a detection cell. The apparatus diagnoses at least one of the detection cell, the main pump cell, and the auxiliary pump cell for an abnormality, based on at least one of a rising characteristic of a NOx output of the detection cell immediately after a start of detection of the NOx output, its peak value, and its subsequent falling characteristic. An abnormality of the detection cell is determined if a speed with which the NOx output rises is small; an abnormality of at least one of the main pump cell and the auxiliary pump cell is determined if a speed with which the NOx output falls is small; and an abnormality of the detection cell is determined if the peak value of the NOx output is small.
摘要:
An object of the present invention enables provision of an optimum shape design method in which an optimum shape of a cushioning material used in cushioning packaging can easily and adequately be designed, and an optimum shape design system in which the optimum shape design method is used. In a configuration of the optimum shape design system is characterized by providing an optimizing control unit 2a. The optimizing control unit 2a detects a correlation among CAD data M of a cushioning material 4 defined by a CAD unit 2b, a mechanical response amount detected by a mechanical response amount calculation unit 2c, manufacturing decision information detected by a manufacturing decision detection unit 2d, and manufacturing cost information detected by a cost calculation unit 2e. Then, the optimizing control unit 2a updates the CAD data M of the cushioning material 4 until an optimum shape of the cushioning material 4 is detected based on the correlation. In the optimum shape, the mechanical response amount satisfies design conditions of the cushioning material 4, the cushioning material 4 is producible, and a minimum manufacturing cost is obtained. Then, the optimizing control unit 2a updates the correlation based on the changed CAD data M, and the optimizing control unit 2a detects the optimum shape of the cushioning material 4 based on the updated correlation.
摘要:
An object of the present invention enables provision of an optimum shape design method in which an optimum shape of a cushioning material used in cushioning packaging can easily and adequately be designed, and an optimum shape design system in which the optimum shape design method is used. In a configuration of the optimum shape design system is characterized by providing an optimizing control unit 2a. The optimizing control unit 2a detects a correlation among CAD data M of a cushioning material 4 defined by a CAD unit 2b, a mechanical response amount detected by a mechanical response amount calculation unit 2c, manufacturing decision information detected by a manufacturing decision detection unit 2d, and manufacturing cost information detected by a cost calculation unit 2e. Then, the optimizing control unit 2a updates the CAD data M of the cushioning material 4 until an optimum shape of the cushioning material 4 is detected based on the correlation. In the optimum shape, the mechanical response amount satisfies design conditions of the cushioning material 4, the cushioning material 4 is producible, and a minimum manufacturing cost is obtained. Then, the optimizing control unit 2a updates the correlation based on the changed CAD data M, and the optimizing control unit 2a detects the optimum shape of the cushioning material 4 based on the updated correlation.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device using a polishing apparatus is provided. A top ring holding a wafer is arranged on a pad. A polishing chemical liquid supply line for supplying a polishing chemical liquid is arranged above the pad in a direction ahead of rotation with respect to the top ring. Around the center of rotation of the pad, a partition plate having a columnar side surface is arranged. Above the pad on a side which goes away from the top ring when the pad is rotated, a polishing chemical liquid draining mechanism is arranged extending continuously from the partition plate to the outer periphery of the pad. Accordingly, a polishing apparatus is obtained by which the amount of polishing of the surface to be polished of the semiconductor substrate is stabilized and generation of microscratches on the surface to be polished can be suppressed.
摘要:
In this invention, an EMF oxygen sensor is subjected to an activation process applying unidirectional voltage between an atmosphere electrode and an exhaust electrode thereof. A control device controlling the oxygen sensor in which a voltage was applied with the atmosphere electrode being positive, additionally applies unidirectional voltage between the electrodes to make the atmosphere electrode positive, for example, when the oxygen sensor was used under an environment in which the air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine was rich relative to the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Conversely, a control device controlling the oxygen sensor in which a voltage was applied to make the atmosphere electrode negative, additionally applies unidirectional voltage between the electrodes to make the atmosphere electrode negative, for example, when the oxygen sensor was used under an environment in which the air-fuel ratio was lean relative to the theoretical air-fuel ratio.