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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5162076A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-10
申请号：US278062
申请日：1988-11-30
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C01B7/01 , C01B7/07 , C01B7/19 , C01B17/90 , C01B21/46 , C01B25/18 , C01B25/238 , C01B35/06 , C01D1/38 , C23G1/36 , H01M10/54
CPC分类号： C23G1/36 , B01D61/445 , C01B17/902 , C01B21/46 , C01B25/18 , C01B35/063 , C01B7/0706 , C01D1/38 , H01M10/54 , Y02W30/84
摘要： A method of separating acid from an aqueous feed stream comprising acid and salt. The method is conducted in an apparatus comprising a bipolar membrane between at least one first anion membrane and at least one second anion membrane.
摘要翻译： 从包含酸和盐的含水进料流中分离酸的方法。 该方法在包括至少一个第一阴离子膜和至少一个第二阴离子膜之间的双极膜的装置中进行。
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2.发明授权Process for recovering sodium carbonate from trona and other mixtures of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 失效从天然碱和碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的其他混合物中回收碳酸钠的方法
公开(公告)号：US4584077A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-22
申请号：US639769
申请日：1984-08-13
CPC分类号： C01D7/12 , B01D61/445
摘要： A process and a system for converting materials comprising sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, such as dry-mined or subterranean deposits of trona, into a liquid comprising sodium carbonate substantially free of sodium bicarbonate. The process and the system incorporate the features of: (a) forming an aqueous solution comprising sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; (b) removing a portion of said sodium bicarbonate from said solution to form a mother liquor comprising sodium carbonate and a reduced amount of sodium bicarbonate; (c) subjecting the mother liquor to electrodialytic water splitting by circulating the water liquor through an electrodialytic water splitter to produce a liquid reaction product comprising sodium carbonate substantially free of sodium bicarbonate; and (d) withdrawing the liquid reaction product comprising sodium carbonate substantially free of sodium bicarbonate from the electordialytic water splitter. The sodium carbonate solutions removed from the water splitter may be used as is, or subjected to further processing to produce a more concentrated final product. Two or three compartment electrodialytic water splitters can be used. The invention also details an effective method and system for isolating sodium carbonate by an electrodialysis process which eliminates the generation of CO.sub.2 gas in the water splitter.
摘要翻译： 将包含碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的材料（例如天然碱的开采或地下沉积物）转化成包含基本上不含碳酸氢钠的碳酸钠的液体的方法和系统。 该方法和系统包括以下特征：（a）形成包含碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的水溶液; （b）从所述溶液中除去一部分所述碳酸氢钠以形成含有碳酸钠和减少量的碳酸氢钠的母液; （c）通过使水溶液循环通过电渗析水分离器来使母液经电渗析水分解，产生包含基本上不含碳酸氢钠的碳酸钠的液体反应产物; 和（d）从电渗水分离器中取出包含基本上不含碳酸氢钠的碳酸钠的液体反应产物。 从水分离器中除去的碳酸钠溶液可以直接使用，或进行进一步处理以产生更浓缩的最终产物。 可以使用两个或三个隔室电渗析水分离器。 本发明还详细说明了通过电渗析方法分离碳酸钠的有效方法和系统，其消除了水分离器中的CO 2气体的产生。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5228962A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-20
申请号：US649776
申请日：1991-02-01
CPC分类号： C01C1/24 , B01D61/445
摘要： The present invention is an improved process for electrodialytically generating salts of volatile acids and/or bases from a salt stream. The salt of the volatile base may either be generated from a similar salt, or may be recovered from a mixed salt solution containing the salt of a volatile base and other similar salts. The salt solution is treated in a two or three compartment electrodialytic water splitter. The acid formed in the acid compartment of the electrodialytic unit is neutralized as it is formed by adding the volatile base directly to the acid loop. Neutralization of the acid in the acid loop minimizes the acid concentration in the electrodialytic unit, thereby increasing the efficiency of the membranes, and the cell stack. The electrodialytic unit may be run in either batch or continuous mode.
摘要翻译： 本发明是从盐流中电渗析产生挥发性酸和/或碱的盐的改进方法。 挥发性碱的盐可以由类似的盐生成，或者可以从含有挥发性碱和其它类似盐的盐的混合盐溶液中回收。 盐溶液在两个或三个隔室电渗析水分离器中处理。 在电渗析装置的酸性隔室中形成的酸被中和，因为它通过将挥发性碱直接添加到酸性环中形成。 酸环路中酸的中和使电渗析单元中的酸浓度最小化，从而提高膜的效率和电池堆。 电渗析单元可以分批或连续模式运行。
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4.发明授权Apparatus and method for electrodialytic treatment of salts to produce acid and/or base of improved purity 失效用于电解处理生产酸和/或改进的纯度的碱的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5200046A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-06
申请号：US626643
申请日：1990-12-12
IPC分类号： B01D61/44
CPC分类号： B01D61/445
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and related apparatus useful to electrodialytically convert salt to acid and/or base of improved purity. The apparatus comprises an electrodialytic water splitting apparatus comprised of at least one unit cell. Each cell comprises at least two means for splitting water. An intermediate compartment is between the two adjacent means for splitting water. At least one ion selective means is adjacent to at least one of the means for splitting water. An acid or base product compartment is between the ion selective means and the means for splitting water. There is an aqueous salt feed compartment, the ion selective means being between the salt feed compartment and the water splitting means.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种可用于将盐电渗析转化成酸和/或碱的改进纯度的方法和相关装置。 该装置包括由至少一个单元电池组成的电渗析水分离装置。 每个电池包括至少两个用于分流水的装置。 中间隔室位于两个相邻的水分拆装置之间。 至少一个离子选择装置与用于分离水的装置中的至少一个相邻。 酸或碱产品隔室位于离子选择装置和用于分离水的装置之间。 存在含水盐进料室，离子选择性装置位于盐进料室和分水装置之间。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4608141A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-26
申请号：US669450
申请日：1984-11-07
CPC分类号： B01D61/445
摘要： A basified aqueous salt solution and an aqueous acid are generated in a multichamber two-compartment electrodialytic water splitter having unit cells comprised of a bipolar membrane, a first anion permselective membrane and at least one additional substantially non-porous, water-swollen non-cation permselective membrane disposed between an anion face of the bipolar membrane and a face of said first anion membrane thereby forming at least two base compartments and an acid compartment, positioned between an anode and a cathode. The method comprises the steps of:(a) introducing a liquid comprising water to an acid compartment formed by a cation face of a bipolar membrane and a face of said first anion membrane;(b) introducing a liquid comprising an aqueous soluble salt to a first base compartment formed by a face of said first anion membrane and a face of said at least one additional non-cation permselective membrane;(c) serially transferring the liquid comprising the aqueous soluble salt from said first base compartment to the additional base compartment formed by a face of said at least one additional non-cation permselective membrane and an anion face of a bipolar membrane;(d) passing direct current through said water splitter thereby adding hydroxyl ions to the additional base compartment, transferring hydroxyl ions through said at least one non-cation permselective membrane from the additional base compartment to the said first base compartment, anions from the first base compartments to the acid compartment, and adding hydrogen ions to the liquid comprising water in the acid compartment;(e) withdrawing a liquid comprising aqueous acid from the acid compartment; and(f) withdrawing a basified aqueous soluble salt from the additional base compartment.
摘要翻译： 在具有由双极性膜，第一阴离子选择性选择性膜和至少一种另外基本上无孔的水溶胀非阳离子的单元电池的多室二室电渗析水分配器中产生碱化的盐水溶液和含水酸 设置在双极性膜的阴离子面和所述第一阴离子膜的面之间的选择性选择膜，从而形成位于阳极和阴极之间的至少两个碱性隔室和酸室。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将包含水的液体引入由双极性膜的阳离子面和所述第一阴离子膜的表面形成的酸性隔室; （b）将包含水溶性盐的液体引入由所述第一阴离子膜的表面和所述至少一种另外的非阳离子选择性渗透膜的表面形成的第一基室; （c）将包含水溶性盐的液体从所述第一基室顺序转移到由所述至少一个附加非阳离子选择性渗透膜的面和双极膜的阴离子表面形成的附加基室; （d）使直流电通过所述分水器，从而将羟基离子添加到另外的基室，将羟基离子通过所述至少一个非阳离子选择性渗透膜从附加基室转移到所述第一基室，来自第一碱 隔室到酸室，并且在酸室中向包含水的液体中加入氢离子; （e）从酸室取出含有酸水溶液的液体; 和（f）从附加的基本隔室中取出碱化的水溶性盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5139632A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US583634
申请日：1990-09-13
CPC分类号： C01B21/42 , B01D61/445 , C23G1/36
摘要： A process for recovering concentrated mixed acids comprising HF from mixed salts at a high efficiency is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of providing an electrodialytic water splitter comprising at least one unit cell, each cell comprising a first compartment and a second compartment, feeding an aqueous solution comprising at least two salts formed from at least two different anions to the first compartment, one of said anions being fluoride, feeding a liquid comprising water to the second compartment, passing current through said electrodialytic water splitter to produce an aqueous product comprising mixed acids formed from the different anions in the second compartment, and an aqueous salt-containing product comprising a reduced concentration of said anions in the first compartment, and recovering aqueous products from the second compartment. The process is particularly useful in the production of concentrated HNO.sub.3 at unexpectedly high current efficiencies, and has particular utility in the area of regenerating stainless steel pickling acid mixtures comprising HF and HNO.sub.3.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种以高效率从混合盐中回收包含HF的浓缩混合酸的方法。 该方法包括提供包括至少一个单元电池的电渗析水分离器的步骤，每个电池包括第一隔室和第二隔室，将包含至少两种不同阴离子的至少两种盐的水溶液进料到第一隔室， 所述阴离子之一是氟化物，将包含水的液体供给到所述第二隔室，使电流通过所述电渗析水分离器以产生包含由所述第二隔室中的不同阴离子形成的混合酸的含水产物和含水盐产品， 所述阴离子在第一隔室中的浓度降低，并且从第二隔室回收含水产物。 该方法特别可用于以意想不到的高电流效率生产浓缩的HNO 3，并且在再生含有HF和HNO 3的不锈钢酸洗混合物的领域中具有特别的用途。
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公开(公告)号：US4999095A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-12
申请号：US196829
申请日：1988-05-16
CPC分类号： B01D61/445 , C01B21/42 , C23G1/36
摘要： A process for recovering concentrated mixed acids comprising HF from mixed salts at a high efficiency is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of providing an electrodialytic water splitter comprising at least one unit cell, each cell comprising a first compartment and a second compartment, feeding an aqueous solution comprising at least two salts formed from at least two different anions to the first compartment, one of said anions being fluoride, feeding a liquid comprising water to the second compartment, passing current through said electrodialytic water splitter to produce an aqueous product comprising mixed acids formed from the different anions in the second compartment, and an aqueous salt-containing product comprising a reduced concentration of said anions in the first compartment, and recovering aqueous products from the second compartment. The process is particularly useful in the production of concentrated HNO.sub.3 at unexpectedly high current efficiencies, and has particular utility in the area of regenerating stainless steel pickling acid mixtures comprising HF and HNO.sub.3.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种以高效率从混合盐中回收包含HF的浓缩混合酸的方法。 该方法包括提供包括至少一个单元电池的电渗析水分离器的步骤，每个电池包括第一隔室和第二隔室，将包含至少两种不同阴离子的至少两种盐的水溶液进料到第一隔室， 所述阴离子之一是氟化物，将包含水的液体供给到所述第二隔室，使电流通过所述电渗析水分离器以产生包含由所述第二隔室中的不同阴离子形成的混合酸的含水产物和含水盐产品， 所述阴离子在第一隔室中的浓度降低，并且从第二隔室回收含水产物。 该方法特别可用于以意想不到的高电流效率生产浓缩的HNO 3，并且在再生含有HF和HNO 3的不锈钢酸洗混合物的领域中具有特别的用途。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4536269A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-20
申请号：US490946
申请日：1983-05-02
CPC分类号： B01D61/445 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/22
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for generating an acidified aqueous salt solution and an aqueous base in a multichamber two-compartment electrodialytic water splitter which comprises alternating bipolar and first cation permselective membranes and at least one additional substantially non-porous, water-swollen cation permselective or neutral membrane disposed between a cation face of the bipolar membrane and a face of said first cation membrane thereby defining at least two acid compartments and a base compartment positioned between an anode and a cathode. The method comprises the steps of: (a) introducing a liquid comprising water to the base introducing a liquid comprising an aqueous soluble salt to a first acid compartment adjacent the base compartment (c) serially transferring the liquid comprising the aqueous soluble salt from the first acid compartment to a second acid compartment adjacent the first acid compartment (d) passing direct current through said water splitter thereby adding hydrogen ions to the first and second acid compartments, metal cations from the acid compartments to the base compartment, and adding hydroxide ions to the liquid comprising water in the base compartment; (e) withdrawing a liquid comprising aqueous base from the base compartment; and (f) withdrawing an acidified aqueous soluble salt from the second acid compartment.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在多室二室电渗析水分离器中产生酸化的盐水溶液和水性碱的设备，其包括交替的双极和第一阳离子选择性渗透膜和至少一种另外基本上无孔的水溶胀阳离子选择性或中性 膜设置在双极性膜的阳离子面和所述第一阳离子膜的表面之间，从而限定至少两个酸性隔室和位于阳极和阴极之间的基室。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将包含水的液体引入到底部，将包含水溶性盐的液体引入邻近底部隔室的第一酸性隔室（c），其将包含水溶性盐的液体从第一 酸隔室与第一酸性隔室相邻的第二酸性隔室（d）使直流电通过所述水分离器，从而将氢离子加到第一和第二酸性隔室中，将金属阳离子从酸性隔室转移到基室，并将氢氧化物离子加入 所述液体在所述基室中包含水; （e）从基室取出包含碱性水溶液的液体; 和（f）从第二酸室中取出酸化的水溶性盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5198086A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-30
申请号：US632264
申请日：1990-12-21
CPC分类号： B01D61/445 , C07C51/02
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and related apparatus useful to electrodialytically convert the salt of a strong base and a weak acid to base with improved purity; or the salt of a weak base and a strong acid to acid with improved purity.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种方法和相关装置，其可用于将强碱和弱酸的盐电解质地转化为碱，提高纯度; 或弱碱的盐和强酸对酸的纯度提高。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5135626A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US597912
申请日：1990-10-15
CPC分类号： C01D1/38 , B01D61/445 , H01M10/54 , Y02W30/84
摘要： The present invention is a method of recovery of base from material comprising base or acid and salt. The method is conducted in an apparatus comprising a cation membrane between two bipolar membranes.
摘要翻译： 本发明是从包含碱或酸和盐的材料中回收碱的方法。 该方法在包括两个双极膜之间的阳离子膜的装置中进行。
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