公开(公告)号：US4332470A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-01

申请号：US128289

申请日：1980-03-07

Applicant: Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams ,  Michael A. Ford

Inventor： Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams ,  Michael A. Ford

IPC: G01J1/36 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/08

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J1/36

Abstract: A light chopper for chopping the monochromatic light beam of a spectrophotometer system, has a rotatable shaft driven by a synchronous motor at a frequency proportional to the power line frequency. An aperture bearing disc rotates with the shaft in relation to a photocell/detector array for generating digital timing signals for use by a microcomputer to control the tasks of the spectrophotometer system in synchronism with line frequency. The microcomputer monitors line frequency for responsively programming a programmable divider for generating an index signal for proportionally sequencing the wavelength of the monochromatic beam through a predetermined spectral range.The rotatable shaft is coupled to the synchronous motor via a mechanical pin drive and a set of attracting magnets which are spaced in face confronting relation at the point of coupling for providing compliance and damping between the coupled shaft and synchronous motor, thus minimizing phase jitter of the timing system and permitting rejection of time frequency stray circuit pickup.

Abstract translation: 用于切割分光光度计系统的单色光束的光斩波器具有由同步电动机以与电力线频率成比例的频率驱动的可旋转轴。 孔轴承盘相对于光电池/检测器阵列与轴一起旋转，用于产生数字定时信号，供微型计算机用于与线路频率同步地控制分光光度计系统的任务。 微型计算机监视线路频率以响应地编程可编程分频器，用于产生索引信号，以对通过预定光谱范围的单色光束的波长进行比例排序。 可旋转轴通过机械销驱动器和一组吸引磁铁联接到同步电动机，这些吸引磁体在联接点处以面对面的关系间隔开，以在联接轴和同步电动机之间提供顺应性和阻尼，从而最小化相位抖动 定时系统和允许拒绝时频杂散电路拾取。

公开(公告)号：US3981586A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-21

申请号：US578500

申请日：1975-05-19

Applicant: Larkin B. Scott

Inventor： Larkin B. Scott

IPC: G01R19/10 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G06G7/161 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J1/18 ,  G06G7/161

Abstract: An analytically significant ratio between timevarying magnitudes of signals is periodically monitored in recurring cycles which are each synchronized with a frequency generator. During every monitoring cycle, each signal relating to the numerator and denominator of the ratio, is integrated separately for a fixed number of generator cycles. Thereafter in each monitoring cycle, the output from the integrator of the denominator signal is applied at the input to the integrator of the numerator signal and the time taken by the latter to integrate back to its starting level is measured in proportion to the ratio of the signals. Either digital or analog time measurements may be utilized and the number of generator cycles over which the ratio is determined may include transition periods between each stage of integration.

Abstract translation: 在循环周期中周期性地监视信号的时间变化幅度之间的分析显着的比率，每个循环周期都与频率发生器同步。 在每个监测周期中，每个有关比值的分子和分母的信号分别集成在固定数量的发生器周期内。 此后，在每个监测周期中，分母信号的积分器的输出在分子信号的积分器的输入处被施加，并且后者将其分离回到其起始电平所花费的时间与第 信号。 可以使用数字或模拟时间测量，并且确定该比率的发生器周期的数量可以包括在每个集成阶段之间的转换周期。

公开(公告)号：US4644323A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US181528

申请日：1980-08-26

Applicant: Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

Inventor： Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

IPC: H03M1/00 ,  H03M1/52

CPC classification number: H03M1/52

Abstract: A programmable timer controls the duration of integration with respect to time of an unknown analog signal in accordance with a programmable time period established by a microprocessor. A switching logic successively transfers an analog signal and a voltage reference signal to an integrator under logic control actuated by the programmable timer. A comparator monitors the value of the integration of the reference voltage in order to control the time-out results of an event counter initiated simultaneously with input to the integrator of the reference voltage, for providing a digital count output signal to the microprocessor.

Abstract translation: 可编程定时器根据由微处理器建立的可编程时间段来控制关于未知模拟信号的时间的积分持续时间。 开关逻辑在由可编程定时器驱动的逻辑控制下将模拟信号和电压参考信号连续地传送到积分器。 比较器监视参考电压积分的值，以便控制与参考电压的积分器的输入同时启动的事件计数器的超时结果，以向微处理器提供数字计数输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US4084248A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-11

申请号：US763042

申请日：1977-01-31

Applicant: Larkin B. Scott

Inventor： Larkin B. Scott

IPC: G01D3/00 ,  G01D18/00 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N30/86

CPC classification number: G01D18/008 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

Abstract: In a device in which an independent variable is stepped or scanned between a first limit and second limit and in which device there is an error which is a function of the independent variable, error correction is obtained by storing correction values, preferably of an incremental nature, for each of a plurality of steps of the independent variable, establishing a location marker which can be identified as different from the error correction data, moving the location marker so as to always be adjacent the error correction for the current position or step of the independent variable and reading out the error correction at the point of the location marker.

公开(公告)号：US4318616A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-09

申请号：US128029

申请日：1980-03-07

Applicant: Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

Inventor： Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28

Abstract: A microprocessor based spectrophotometer including manual keyboard command for sequencing a monochromatic energy beam through a spectral range of wave-lengths to a keyboard selected wavelength. A manual adjustment knob is thereafter rotatable for generating a 4-bit gray code signal which successively changes as the adjustment knob is rotated. The microcomputer senses a change in the gray code signal and indexes (steps) the wavelength of the monochromatic beam in proportion to the positional change of the adjustment knob as indicated by the changing gray code. A visual display indicating wavelength setting and spectral response, is updated conjointly with manual wavelength adjustment.

Abstract translation: 基于微处理器的分光光度计包括手动键盘命令，用于通过波长的光谱范围到键盘所选波长对单色能量束进行排序。 然后手动调节旋钮可旋转，以产生随着调节旋钮旋转而连续变化的4位灰度代码信号。 微型计算机感测灰度代码信号的变化，并且与改变的灰度代码所示的调节旋钮的位置变化成比例地指示（步骤）单色光束的波长。 指示波长设定和光谱响应的视觉显示与手动波长调整联动更新。

公开(公告)号：US4080658A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US763041

申请日：1977-01-31

Applicant: Larkin B. Scott ,  John J. J. Staunton

Inventor： Larkin B. Scott ,  John J. J. Staunton

IPC: G01D3/00 ,  G01D18/00 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N30/86

CPC classification number: G01D18/008 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

Abstract: In an error correcting system in which error corrections for each of a plurality of steps of an independent variable in a device which has an error dependent upon the independent variable are stored in a register in adjacent storage positions thereof and wherein a location marker differing from any stored correction value is also stored in the register and moved as said device steps so as to always be adjacent the correction corresponding to the step of the device, the correction values being stored for a range of the device between a first limit and a second limit, the device having a greater overall range than the range between said first and second limit and being able to go to a position below said first limit, loss of synchronization between the device and the location marker when the device is moved below said first limit is prevented by detecting when said location marker reaches said first limit and causing it to move in a direction from said first limit toward said second limit as said device is moved below said first limit and in a direction toward said first limit as said device is moved from below said first limit back toward said first limit and again reversing the direction of movement of said location marker when said first limit is again reached with said independent variable moving in a direction toward said second limit permitting synchronization to be maintained even when going below the range for which correction values are stored.

Abstract translation: 在误差校正系统中，其中具有取决于独立变量的误差的装置中的独立变量的多个步骤中的每一个的误差校正被存储在其相邻存储位置中的寄存器中，并且其中与任何 存储的校正值也存储在寄存器中并作为所述设备步骤移动，以便总是与对应于设备的步骤的校正相邻，校正值被存储在第一限制和第二限制之间的设备的范围 所述装置具有比所述第一和第二极限之间的范围更大的总体范围，并且能够进入低于所述第一极限的位置，当所述装置移动到所述第一极限以下时所述装置与所述位置标记之间的同步损失是 通过检测何时所述位置标记达到所述第一限制并使其沿着从所述第一极限朝向所述第二限制的方向移动来防止 当所述装置移动到所述第一限制以下时，并且朝向所述第一极限的方向移动，因为所述装置从所述第一限制的下方移动朝向所述第一极限，并且当所述第一极限再次为所述第一极限时再次反转所述位置标记的运动方向 使所述独立变量在朝向所述第二极限的方向上移动，从而即使在低于存储校正值的范围的情况下也能够保持同步。

公开(公告)号：US4322807A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

申请号：US128028

申请日：1980-03-07

Applicant: Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

Inventor： Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/28

Abstract: A microprocessor based spectrophotometer including a memory system for providing storage locations of sets of operating parameters and correction data. The operator loads the memory via keyboard control. The memory system is battery backed-up for maintaining stored data during power shutdown of the spectrophotometer system.

Abstract translation: 一种基于微处理器的分光光度计，其包括用于提供操作参数和校正数据组的存储位置的存储器系统。 操作员通过键盘控制装载内存。 在分光光度计系统的电源关闭期间，存储器系统被备份用于维护存储的数据。

公开(公告)号：US4320390A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-16

申请号：US922147

申请日：1978-07-05

Applicant: Larkin B. Scott

Inventor： Larkin B. Scott

IPC: H03M1/52 ,  H03M1/00 ,  H03K13/02

CPC classification number: H03M1/203

Abstract: The disclosed high resolution analog to digital converter circuit has an integrator circuit responsive to the unknown analog input. The integrator circuit is operated for a fixed period of time during which, on a periodic basis, a predetermined charge is dumped from the integrator circuit capacitor. A counter is incremented each time a dump occurs and the counter value at the end of the fixed period is related to the high order digits of the digital value for the unknown analog signal. A digital number corresponding to the output level of the integrator is determined by a successive approximation circuit both before and just after the fixed period. The difference between the two values determined by the successive approximation circuit is related to the low order digits of the digital value for the unknown analog signal.

Abstract translation: 所公开的高分辨率模数转换器电路具有响应于未知模拟输入的积分器电路。 积分器电路在固定的时间段内操作，在该周期期间，从积分器电路电容器倾倒预定的电荷。 每次发生转储时，计数器递增，固定周期结束时的计数器值与未知模拟信号的数字值的高位数相关。 对应于积分器的输出电平的数字数字由固定周期之前和之后的逐次逼近电路确定。 由逐次逼近电路确定的两个值之间的差异与未知模拟信号的数字值的低位数有关。

公开(公告)号：US4342516A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-03

申请号：US128030

申请日：1980-03-07

Applicant: Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

Inventor： Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/12

Abstract: A spectrophotometer system has an optical system for transmitting a beam from a source at select wavelengths onto a detector. A plurality of filters are positioned in a tray. A stepper mechanism indexes the tray along a path. A microcomputer controls the stepper mechanism and the optical system. The wavelength is successively changed over a range, the tray is indexed to move a select filter into the beam at a predetermined wavelength and the changing is discontinued during indexing.

Abstract translation: 分光光度计系统具有用于将光束从选定波长的光束传输到检测器的光学系统。 多个过滤器定位在托盘中。 步进机构沿着路径对托盘进行索引。 微电脑控制步进机构和光学系统。 波长在一个范围内连续变化，托盘被索引以将选择滤光片以预定波长移动到波束中，并且在索引期间中断切换。

公开(公告)号：US4329051A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-11

申请号：US128027

申请日：1980-03-07

Applicant: Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

Inventor： Morteza M. Chamran ,  Larkin B. Scott ,  Paul B. Williams

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06

Abstract: An improvement in a spectrophotometer of an improved apparatus for automatic initialization of the wavelength indexing function of the spectrophotometer. A drive mechanism drives the wavelength indexing movement of the spectrophotometer diffraction grating. The grating is initialized to a grating initialization position by physical opposition of a stop mechanism to the driving when a drive linkage reaches a drive linkage initialization position.

Abstract translation: 改进了分光光度计的波长分度功能自动初始化装置的分光光度计的改进。 驱动机构驱动分光光度计衍射光栅的波长分度运动。 当驱动联动装置达到驱动联动装置初始化位置时，光栅通过停止机构的物理对抗被初始化为光栅初始化位置到驱动。