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    SELECTIVE REDUCTION OF TOBACCO-SPECIFIC NITROSAMINES AND RELATED METHODS
    1.
    发明申请
    SELECTIVE REDUCTION OF TOBACCO-SPECIFIC NITROSAMINES AND RELATED METHODS 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20170325495A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-11-16

    申请号：US15592160

    申请日：2017-05-10

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Lev E. Bromberg ,  Xiao Su ,  Trevor Alan Hatton

    IPC: A24B15/24 ,  A24B15/22

    CPC classification number: A24B15/245 ,  A24B15/22

    Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to electrochemical reduction of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). According to certain methods described herein, a tobacco composition containing one or more TSNAs and nicotine is contacted with a solvent to form a tobacco mixture. In some embodiments, the tobacco mixture is introduced into an electrochemical device comprising an anode and a cathode. The tobacco mixture may, in some cases, form at least part of an initial electrolyte mixture that is in physical contact with at least a portion of the anode and at least a portion of the cathode. In some instances, an electrical potential is applied between the anode and the cathode, thereby reducing one or more TSNAs in the initial electrolyte mixture and producing a reduced electrolyte mixture. In certain cases, application of the electrical potential between the anode and the cathode does not cause non-TSNA components of the tobacco mixture (e.g., nicotine) to undergo electrochemical reduction or any other chemical reaction.

    ANTIVIRAL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED METHODS
    3.
    发明申请
    ANTIVIRAL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED METHODS 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20250031700A1

    公开(公告)日：2025-01-30

    申请号：US18915954

    申请日：2024-10-15

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Lev E. Bromberg ,  T. Alan Hatton

    IPC: A01N43/50 ,  A01P1/00 ,  C08F226/06

    Abstract: Polyamines are water-soluble polyelectrolytes with the amino groups that can be used to attach the polymers onto functional surfaces of fibrous materials. In addition, polyamines can be readily modified by (super)nucleophilic groups such as (alkyl)aminopyridines that enhance the polymer's ability to promote hydrolysis of organophosphorous chemical warfare agents. Furthermore, attachment of hydantoin moieties augments the number of the imide, amide, or amine groups groups on the polyamine's chain, which provides oxidizing properties to the resulting modified polyamine after halogenation. In one aspect, disclosed herein are polyamines with side chains modified to contain both (4-aminopyridine, APy) and 5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydantoin (HBH) functionalities with enhanced content of the active bromine. Viricidal activity of the APy- and HBH-modified polyallylamine against human coronavirus (type 229E) was tested both in solution and on nylon-cotton fabric. The polymers are effective at inactivating the coronavirus, at both low concentrations and short exposure times.

    Antiviral compositions and related methods
    4.
    发明授权
    Antiviral compositions and related methods 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12144348B2

    公开(公告)日：2024-11-19

    申请号：US17494509

    申请日：2021-10-05

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Lev E. Bromberg ,  T. Alan Hatton

    IPC: C08F226/06 ,  A01N43/50 ,  A01P1/00

    Abstract: Polyamines are water-soluble polyelectrolytes with the amino groups that can be used to attach the polymers onto functional surfaces of fibrous materials. In addition, polyamines can be readily modified by (super)nucleophilic groups such as (alkyl)aminopyridines that enhance the polymer's ability to promote hydrolysis of organophosphorous chemical warfare agents. Furthermore, attachment of hydantoin moieties augments the number of the imide, amide, or amine groups on the polyamine's chain, which provides oxidizing properties to the resulting modified polyamine after halogenation. In one aspect, disclosed herein are polyamines with side chains modified to contain both (4-aminopyridine, APy) and 5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydantoin (HBH) functionalities with enhanced content of the active bromine. Viricidal activity of the APy- and HBH-modified polyallylamine against human coronavirus (type 229E) was tested both in solution and on nylon-cotton fabric. The polymers are effective at inactivating the coronavirus, at both low concentrations and short exposure times.

    ANTIVIRAL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED METHODS
    6.
    发明申请
    ANTIVIRAL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED METHODS 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220104488A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-04-07

    申请号：US17494509

    申请日：2021-10-05

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Lev E. Bromberg ,  T. Alan Hatton

    IPC: A01N43/50 ,  C08F226/06 ,  A01P1/00

    Abstract: Polyamines are water-soluble polyelectrolytes with the amino groups that can be used to attach the polymers onto functional surfaces of fibrous materials. In addition, polyamines can be readily modified by (super)nucleophilic groups such as (alkyl)aminopyridines that enhance the polymer's ability to promote hydrolysis of organophosphorous chemical warfare agents. Furthermore, attachment of hydantoin moieties augments the number of the imide, amide, or amine groups on the polyamine's chain, which provides oxidizing properties to the resulting modified polyamine after halogenation. In one aspect, disclosed herein are polyamines with side chains modified to contain both (4-aminopyridine, APy) and 5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydantoin (HBH) functionalities with enhanced content of the active bromine. Viricidal activity of the APy- and HBH-modified polyallylamine against human coronavirus (type 229E) was tested both in solution and on nylon-cotton fabric. The polymers are effective at inactivating the coronavirus, at both low concentrations and short exposure times.

    Selective reduction of tobacco-specific nitrosamines and related methods
    8.
    发明授权
    Selective reduction of tobacco-specific nitrosamines and related methods 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10383357B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-08-20

    申请号：US15592160

    申请日：2017-05-10

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Lev E. Bromberg ,  Xiao Su ,  Trevor Alan Hatton

    IPC: A24B15/22 ,  A24B15/24

    Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to electrochemical reduction of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). According to certain methods described herein, a tobacco composition containing one or more TSNAs and nicotine is contacted with a solvent to form a tobacco mixture. In some embodiments, the tobacco mixture is introduced into an electrochemical device comprising an anode and a cathode. The tobacco mixture may, in some cases, form at least part of an initial electrolyte mixture that is in physical contact with at least a portion of the anode and at least a portion of the cathode. In some instances, an electrical potential is applied between the anode and the cathode, thereby reducing one or more TSNAs in the initial electrolyte mixture and producing a reduced electrolyte mixture. In certain cases, application of the electrical potential between the anode and the cathode does not cause non-TSNA components of the tobacco mixture (e.g., nicotine) to undergo electrochemical reduction or any other chemical reaction.

    Particulate Materials for Uranium Extraction and Related Processes
    10.
    发明申请
    Particulate Materials for Uranium Extraction and Related Processes 审中-公开
    用于铀萃取和相关工艺的颗粒材料

    公开(公告)号：US20130343969A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-12-26

    申请号：US13922314

    申请日：2013-06-20

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Lev E. Bromberg ,  Yaroslav Klichko ,  T. Alan Hatton

    IPC: B01J20/28 ,  C22B59/00 ,  C22B60/02

    CPC classification number: B01J20/28009 ,  B01J20/3204 ,  B01J20/328 ,  B01J45/00 ,  C22B59/00 ,  C22B60/0265

    Abstract: Extraction method for recovering metals. Phosphoric acid is contacted with an extractant suspension of solid particulate material comprising a para- or ferromagnetic material core surrounded by an outer shell of a chelating polymer whereby a metal is the solution is adsorbed on the chelating polymer, thereby removing it from the phosphoric acid solution. The metal-containing solid particulate material is magnetically separated from the solution and the metal is stripped from the solid particulate material for reuse.

    Abstract translation: 金属回收提取方法。 磷酸与固体颗粒材料的提取剂悬浮液接触，包括由螯合聚合物的外壳包围的对位或铁磁材料芯，由此金属溶液被吸附在螯合聚合物上，从而从磷酸溶液中除去 。 将含金属的固体颗粒材料与溶液磁分离，并将金属从固体颗粒材料中剥离以供重新使用。

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