摘要:
The embodiments of the present invention disclose method and apparatus for mapping and de-mapping in an optical transport network, where the mapping method includes: constructing an Optical Channel Data Tributary Unit (ODTU) according to an amount M of time slots of a High Order Optical Channel Payload Unit (HO OPU) to be occupied by a Low Order Optical Channel Data Unit (LO ODU); mapping the LO ODU to a payload area of the ODTU in a M-byte granularity; encapsulating overhead information to the overhead area of the ODTU; and multiplexing the ODTU, which has been mapped the LO ODU and encapsulated with the overhead information, to the HO OPU, so as to provide a high-efficient and universal mode for mapping the LO ODU to the HO OPU.
摘要:
The embodiments of the present invention disclose method and apparatus for mapping and de-mapping in an optical transport network, where the mapping method includes: constructing an Optical Channel Data Tributary Unit (ODTU) according to an amount M of time slots of a High Order Optical Channel Payload Unit (HO OPU) to be occupied by a Low Order Optical Channel Data Unit (LO ODU); mapping the LO ODU to a payload area of the ODTU in a M-byte granularity; encapsulating overhead information to the payload area of the ODTU; and multiplexing the ODTU, which has been mapped the LO ODU and encapsulated with the overhead information, to the HO OPU, so as to provide a high-efficient and universal mode for mapping the LO ODU to the HO OPU.
摘要:
The invention relates to techniques for controlling a dynamic hitless resizing in data transport networks. According to a method aspect of the invention, a network connection comprises M tributary slots defined in a payload area of a higher order transport scheme of the data transport network and the method comprises the steps of receiving a connection resize control signal at each of the nodes along the path of the network connection; adding at each node along the path in response to the connection resize control signal a second set of N tributary slots to the first set of the M tributary slots, such that the network connection comprises M+N tributary slots; and increasing, after M+N tributary slots are available for the network connection at each node along the path, a transport data rate of the network connection.
摘要:
The invention relates to techniques for controlling a dynamic hitless resizing in data transport networks. According to a method aspect of the invention, a network connection comprises M tributary slots defined in a payload area of a higher order transport scheme of the data transport network and the method comprises the steps of receiving a connection resize control signal at each of the nodes along the path of the network connection; adding at each node along the path in response to the connection resize control signal a second set of N tributary slots to the first set of the M tributary slots, such that the network connection comprises M+N tributary slots; and increasing, after M+N tributary slots are available for the network connection at each node along the path, a transport data rate of the network connection.
摘要:
The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications technologies, and disclose a method for adjusting bandwidth of a flexible Optical channel Data Unit (ODUflex) channel. The method includes: respectively adjusting, according to a bandwidth adjustment indication message, a quantity of time slots occupied by an ODUflex frame in a higher order optical channel data unit (HO ODU) at an egress side of each network node on an ODUflex channel; and adjusting, according to a rate adjustment indication message, a transmission rate of the ODUflex frame of each network node on the ODUflex channel, so as to unify the transmission rate of each network node on the ODUflex channel.
摘要:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gun holster showing my new design; FIG. 2 is a front elevational view thereof; FIG. 3 is a rear elevational view thereof; FIG. 4 is a left side elevational view thereof; FIG. 5 is a right side elevational view thereof; FIG. 6 is a top plan view thereof; and, FIG. 7 is a bottom plan view thereof. The broken lines in the drawings depict portions of the gun holster that form no part of the claimed design.
摘要:
One embodiment is a machine comprising a sequential wavefront scanner, a variable aperture, a position sensing device and an electronic control and detection system. The electronic control and detection system is configured to control the sequential wavefront scanner to shift the incident wavefront by a set of displacements selected to form a selected scanning pattern to scan the incident wavefront and configured to vary the aperture size to vary detection resolution at different parts of the scanning pattern.
摘要:
A short arc lamp driving circuit includes a trigger boosting circuit, a flash current control circuit, and a closed loop exposure control and calibration circuits that, when combined, can produce short pulses of light with short time separation, quasi-continuous illumination light, and meanwhile, an extremely large dynamic range of delivered and/or calibrated light power or energy.
摘要:
A light delivery technique includes optical configurations as well as the associated methods that generate a ring beam from a linear light source. In one embodiment, a remote light source module delivers illumination light to a fundus camera and/or slit lamp. In another embodiment, an arrangement combines the use of a light pipe homogenizer and a ring beam transformer for efficiently collecting light from a substantially axially linear light source, homogenizing the collected light that lacks low angle flux relative to the optical axis, and transforming the light into a ring beam with a substantially improved low angle flux distribution. In still another embodiment, light emitted from a substantially axially linear light source is directly collected by a curved surface mirror and spatially filtered into a ring beam. The ring illumination beam can be co-axially projected on a sample such as the pupil of a human eye and at the same time the light beam also has a large enough relatively uniform angular flux distribution so that a wide area on the retina of the eye can be uniformly illuminated.
摘要:
Proportional-delayed zero-crossing frequency-drift estimator devices are provided. Given N-number of time samples, the current zero-crossing time estimation technique uses only two zero-crossing time samples for repetition-rate estimation. The term “zero-crossing point” refers to the point where a sinusoidal waveform varies from a positive to a negative value and crosses the zero value in the process. The proportional-delayed zero-crossing frequency-drift estimator devices employ four zero-crossing time samples by utilizing both proportional zero-crossing points for current information and delayed zero-crossing points for past information so that the noises in the time samples will be smoothed out making a less noisy estimation. The proportional-delayed zero-crossing frequency-drift estimators are composed of a hysteretic nonlinear converter, a zero-crossing time-difference counter, a group of shift registers and adders, a repetition-rate algorithm, a reciprocal operator and a means for differentiation operation. A number of different embodiments are provided, but all embodiments include a hysteretic nonlinear converter which enhances the zero-crossing features and blocks the signal random noise so that the zero-crossing point is measured more accurately.