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公开(公告)号：US08470479B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US11304198
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Marc Becker , Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
发明人： Marc Becker , Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04835 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/04335 , H01M8/0435 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04507 , H01M8/04753 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A technique for determining the relative humidity of the cathode input airflow to a fuel cell stack that eliminates the need for a dew-point sensor. The cathode input airflow is humidified by a water vapor transfer unit that uses water in the cathode exhaust gas. The technique employs an algorithm that determines the flow of water into the cathode inlet of the stack. In one embodiment, the algorithm determines the volume flow of water through the water vapor transfer unit using the Arrhenius equation, and then converts the water volume flow to a water mole flow. The algorithm then uses the water mole flow through the water vapor transfer unit and the water mole flow of ambient air to determine the water mole flow into the cathode inlet. The algorithm then uses the water mole flow into the cathode inlet to determine the relative humidity of the cathode airflow.
摘要翻译： 用于确定阴极输入气流到燃料电池堆的相对湿度的技术，其消除了对露点传感器的需要。 阴极输入气流由在阴极废气中使用水的水蒸汽转移单元加湿。 该技术采用一种算法来确定进入堆叠阴极入口的水流。 在一个实施例中，算法通过使用Arrhenius方程确定通过水蒸汽转移单元的水的体积流量，然后将水体积流转换成水摩尔流。 然后，该算法使用通过水蒸气转移单元的水摩尔流和环境空气的水摩尔流量来确定进入阴极入口的水摩尔流。 然后，该算法使用进入阴极入口的水摩尔流来确定阴极气流的相对湿度。
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公开(公告)号：US20070141412A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-21
申请号：US11304198
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Marc Becker , Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
发明人： Marc Becker , Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
CPC分类号： H01M8/04835 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/04335 , H01M8/0435 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04507 , H01M8/04753 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A technique for determining the relative humidity of the cathode input airflow to a fuel cell stack that eliminates the need for a dew-point sensor. The cathode input airflow is humidified by a water vapor transfer unit that uses water in the cathode exhaust gas. The technique employs an algorithm that determines the flow of water into the cathode inlet of the stack. In one embodiment, the algorithm determines the volume flow of water through the water vapor transfer unit using the Arrhenius equation, and then converts the water volume flow to a water mole flow. The algorithm then uses the water mole flow through the water vapor transfer unit and the water mole flow of ambient air to determine the water mole flow into the cathode inlet. The algorithm then uses the water mole flow into the cathode inlet to determine the relative humidity of the cathode airflow.
摘要翻译： 用于确定阴极输入气流到燃料电池堆的相对湿度的技术，其消除了对露点传感器的需要。 阴极输入气流由在阴极废气中使用水的水蒸汽转移单元加湿。 该技术采用一种算法来确定进入堆叠阴极入口的水流。 在一个实施例中，算法通过使用Arrhenius方程确定通过水蒸汽转移单元的水的体积流量，然后将水体积流转换成水摩尔流。 然后，该算法使用通过水蒸气转移单元的水摩尔流和环境空气的水摩尔流量来确定进入阴极入口的水摩尔流。 然后，该算法使用进入阴极入口的水摩尔流来确定阴极气流的相对湿度。
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公开(公告)号：US08771891B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-08
申请号：US11464540
申请日：2006-08-15
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04686 , F04C2240/50 , F04C2270/80 , F04D27/001 , F04D29/662 , H01M8/04089 , H02H7/09 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A diagnostic system for determining whether a rotor shaft of a compressor is unbalanced. The compressor includes a displacement sensor that measures the displacement of the rotor shaft as it is rotating. The sensor dynamic frequency signal is sent to a bandpass filter that filters out an eigen-frequency frequency that is a function of shaft elasticity and rotor dynamics. The filtered frequency signal is then rectified by a rectifier to make the filtered frequency signal positive. The rectified signal is then passed through a low pass filter that converts the rectified signal to a DC signal. The DC signal is then sent to a controller that determines if the amplitude of the signal is above a predetermined threshold, which indicates a problem with the balance of the compressor.
摘要翻译： 用于确定压缩机的转子轴是否不平衡的诊断系统。 压缩机包括位移传感器，其测量转子轴在旋转时的位移。 传感器动态频率信号被发送到带通滤波器，其滤除作为轴弹性和转子动力学的函数的本征频率频率。 滤波后的频率信号由整流器整流，使得滤波后的频率信号为正。 整流后的信号然后通过一个低通滤波器，将滤波后的信号转换为直流信号。 然后将DC信号发送到控制器，该控制器确定信号的振幅是否高于预定阈值，这表示压缩机的平衡存在问题。
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4.发明申请Advanced control for an electrical heatable wax thermostat in the thermal coolant loop of fuel cell systems 有权燃料电池系统热冷却回路中的电加热蜡恒温器的先进控制公开(公告)号：US20070065694A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-22
申请号：US11304184
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
发明人： Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04298 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04723 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/0491 , H01M8/04992
摘要： A control algorithm for a by-pass valve in a thermal sub-system of a fuel cell system, where the by-pass valve includes a wax element that is heated by a heating element. A stack power loss is applied to a PDT1 controller that associates a PDT dynamic function to the loss. The difference between the desired temperature of the stack and the actual temperature of the stack is applied to a PI controller that provides an error value of the difference. The actual temperature of the stack is applied to a look-up table that provides a value based on how close the actual temperature is to the opening temperature of the wax element. The values from the PDT1 controller, the PI controller and the look-up table are added to provide an output signal to control the current applied to the heater element, and thus, the heat applied to the wax element.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃料电池系统的热子系统中的旁通阀的控制算法，其中旁通阀包括被加热元件加热的蜡元件。 堆叠功率损耗被应用于将PDT动态功能与损耗相关联的PDT1控制器。 将堆叠的期望温度与堆叠的实际温度之间的差异应用于提供差值的误差值的PI控制器。 堆叠的实际温度被施加到查找表，该查找表基于实际温度与蜡元件的打开温度的接近程度而提供值。 添加PDT1控制器，PI控制器和查找表中的值以提供输出信号，以控制施加到加热器元件的电流，从而控制施加到蜡元件上的热量。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080044702A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-21
申请号：US11464540
申请日：2006-08-15
CPC分类号： H01M8/04686 , F04C2240/50 , F04C2270/80 , F04D27/001 , F04D29/662 , H01M8/04089 , H02H7/09 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A diagnostic system for determining whether a rotor shaft of a compressor is unbalanced. The compressor includes a displacement sensor that measures the displacement of the rotor shaft as it is rotating. The sensor dynamic frequency signal is sent to a bandpass filter that filters out an eigen-frequency frequency that is a function of shaft elasticity and rotor dynamics. The filtered frequency signal is then rectified by a rectifier to make the filtered frequency signal positive. The rectified signal is then passed through a low pass filter that converts the rectified signal to a DC signal. The DC signal is then sent to a controller that determines if the amplitude of the signal is above a predetermined threshold, which indicates a problem with the balance of the compressor.
摘要翻译： 用于确定压缩机的转子轴是否不平衡的诊断系统。 压缩机包括位移传感器，其测量转子轴在旋转时的位移。 传感器动态频率信号被发送到带通滤波器，其滤除作为轴弹性和转子动力学的函数的本征频率频率。 滤波后的频率信号由整流器整流，使得滤波后的频率信号为正。 整流后的信号然后通过一个低通滤波器，将滤波后的信号转换为直流信号。 然后将DC信号发送到控制器，该控制器确定信号的振幅是否高于预定阈值，这表示压缩机的平衡存在问题。
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公开(公告)号：US20070138309A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-21
申请号：US11304332
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
发明人： Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
CPC分类号： H01M8/04507 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04835
摘要： A technique for controlling the relative humidity of a cathode airflow to a fuel cell stack that includes compensating for valve non-linearities. The cathode input air flows through a water vapor transfer unit where it is humidified. The humidified cathode exhaust from the fuel cell stack is output to the water vapor transfer unit to provide the water vapor for humidifying the cathode input airflow. A first control valve controls the flow of the cathode exhaust through the water vapor transfer unit and a second control valve controls the flow of the cathode exhaust that by-passes the water vapor transfer unit to control both the relative humidity of the cathode input airflow and the pressure within the stack. By compensating for the non-linearity, the first and second valves control the relative humidity of the cathode airflow without changing the cathode output resistance.
摘要翻译： 用于控制包括补偿阀非线性的燃料电池堆的阴极气流的相对湿度的技术。 阴极输入空气流过其中被加湿的水蒸气转移单元。 来自燃料电池堆的加湿的阴极排出物输出到水蒸气转移单元，以提供用于加湿阴极输入气流的水蒸汽。 第一控制阀控制通过水蒸气转移单元的阴极排气的流动，第二控制阀控制旁路水蒸汽转移单元的阴极排气流，以控制阴极输入气流的相对湿度， 堆内的压力。 通过补偿非线性，第一和第二阀控制阴极气流的相对湿度，而不改变阴极输出电阻。
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7.发明申请Coolant flow estimation for the thermal loop of a fuel cell system using stack loss power 审中-公开使用堆垛损耗功率的燃料电池系统的热回路的冷却剂流量估计公开(公告)号：US20070065695A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-22
申请号：US11304349
申请日：2005-12-15
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04417 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04723 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/0491
摘要： A thermal sub-system for a fuel cell system that calculates a desired volume flow or mass flow of a cooling fluid pumped through a fuel cell stack solely on thermal stack power loss and cooling fluid temperature. An algorithm calculates a power loss of the stack and then calculates the temperature of the stack based on the power loss and dissipated heat power from the stack. The algorithm uses the temperature of the stack and the temperature of the cooling fluid out of the stack to determine the dissipated heat power. The algorithm then uses the temperature of the stack, the temperature of the cooling fluid into the stack and the temperature of the cooling fluid out of the stack to determine the flow.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃料电池系统的热子系统，其仅基于热堆叠功率损耗和冷却流体温度计算通过燃料电池堆泵送的冷却流体的期望体积流量或质量流量。 一种算法计算堆栈的功率损耗，然后根据堆叠的功率损耗和散热功率来计算堆叠的温度。 该算法使用堆叠的温度和冷却液的温度从堆叠中确定耗散的热功率。 然后，该算法使用堆叠的温度，冷却流体进入堆叠的温度和冷却流体从堆叠的温度来确定流量。
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公开(公告)号：US07829234B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-09
申请号：US11304332
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
发明人： Oliver Maier , Peter Willimowski
CPC分类号： H01M8/04507 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04835
摘要： A technique for controlling the relative humidity of a cathode airflow to a fuel cell stack that includes compensating for valve non-linearities. The cathode input air flows through a water vapor transfer unit where it is humidified. The humidified cathode exhaust from the fuel cell stack is output to the water vapor transfer unit to provide the water vapor for humidifying the cathode input airflow. A first control valve controls the flow of the cathode exhaust through the water vapor transfer unit and a second control valve controls the flow of the cathode exhaust that by-passes the water vapor transfer unit to control both the relative humidity of the cathode input airflow and the pressure within the stack. By compensating for the non-linearity, the first and second valves control the relative humidity of the cathode airflow without changing the cathode output resistance.
摘要翻译： 用于控制包括补偿阀非线性的燃料电池堆的阴极气流的相对湿度的技术。 阴极输入空气流过其中被加湿的水蒸气转移单元。 来自燃料电池堆的加湿的阴极排出物输出到水蒸气转移单元，以提供用于加湿阴极输入气流的水蒸汽。 第一控制阀控制通过水蒸气转移单元的阴极排气的流动，第二控制阀控制旁路水蒸汽转移单元的阴极排气流，以控制阴极输入气流的相对湿度， 堆内的压力。 通过补偿非线性，第一和第二阀控制阴极气流的相对湿度，而不改变阴极输出电阻。
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公开(公告)号：US20070065690A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-22
申请号：US11304185
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Sascha Schaefer , Johannes Lauer , Thomas Weispfenning , Peter Willimowski , Rolf Isermann , Oliver Maier
发明人： Sascha Schaefer , Johannes Lauer , Thomas Weispfenning , Peter Willimowski , Rolf Isermann , Oliver Maier
CPC分类号： H01M8/04007 , F04D27/001 , H01M8/04014 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A thermal sub-system for a fuel cell system that uses pump characteristics to determine a required cooling fluid volume flow. An algorithm controls the speed of the pump to provide the desired volume flow of the cooling fluid for the system parameters. The algorithm determines a motor efficiency value based on a pump input power value and a pump speed value. The algorithm then determines a coefficient of power value based on the motor efficiency value, the pump input power value and the pump speed value. The algorithm then uses a look-up table to convert the coefficient of power value to a coefficient of flow value. The algorithm then calculates the volume flow based on the coefficient of flow value and the pump speed value.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃料电池系统的热子系统，其使用泵特性来确定所需的冷却流体体积流量。 算法控制泵的速度以提供用于系统参数的冷却流体的期望体积流量。 该算法基于泵输入功率值和泵速度值来确定电动机效率值。 然后，算法基于电机效率值，泵输入功率值和泵速值确定功率值系数。 然后，该算法使用查找表将功率值的系数转换为流量值。 然后，该算法基于流量系数和泵速度值计算体积流量。
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公开(公告)号：US08855945B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-07
申请号：US11304347
申请日：2005-12-15
CPC分类号： H01M8/04007 , F04D27/001 , H01M8/04014 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A thermal sub-system for a fuel cell system that employs an algorithm using feed-forward control. The algorithm calculates a Reynolds number based on the velocity of the cooling fluid, a diameter of a coolant loop pipe and a kinematic viscosity (temperature) of a cooling fluid. The algorithm also uses a pressure loss number based on the Reynolds number and a position of a by-pass valve. The algorithm also defines a pressure loss value based on the pressure loss number, the density of the cooling fluid and the velocity of the cooling fluid. The algorithm then calculates a delivery head value based on the pressure loss value, the fluid density and a gravitational acceleration. The algorithm then uses the delivery head value and a predetermined set-point value of the volume flow to determine a desired pump speed based on the current operating parameters of the system.
摘要翻译： 一种使用前馈控制的算法的燃料电池系统的热子系统。 该算法基于冷却流体的速度，冷却剂回路管的直径和冷却流体的运动粘度（温度）来计算雷诺数。 该算法还使用基于雷诺数的压力损失数和旁路阀的位置。 该算法还基于压力损失数，冷却流体的密度和冷却流体的速度来定义压力损失值。 然后，该算法基于压力损失值，流体密度和重力加速度来计算输送头值。 然后，算法使用传送头值和体积流的预定设定值来基于系统的当前操作参数来确定期望的泵速度。
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