公开(公告)号：US07627219B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-01

申请号：US11982694

申请日：2007-11-01

Applicant: David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/028 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02009 ,  G02B6/02023 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0672 ,  H01S3/06754

Abstract: A large mode area fiber amplifier suitable for high power applications includes a core region specifically configured to allow for high power operation while also limiting the amount of SBS that is generated. The composition of the core region is selected to include a dopant (such as aluminum) in selected areas to reduce the acoustic refractive index of the core and limit the spatial overlap between the acoustic and optical fields. The acoustic refractive index is also structured so that the acoustic field is refracted away from the central core area. In one embodiment, the core may comprise a depressed index center portion and surrounding ring core area, with the center portion including the aluminum doping and the ring formed to have a diameter less that the phonon decay length for the operating wavelength(s).

Abstract translation: 适用于大功率应用的大模式区域光纤放大器包括专门配置为允许高功率操作同时也限制所产生的SBS量的核心区域。 核心区域的组成被选择为在选定区域中包括掺杂剂（例如铝）以降低芯的声折射率并限制声场和光场之间的空间重叠。 声折射率也被构造成使声场从中心芯区域折射出来。 在一个实施例中，芯可以包括凹陷的折射率中心部分和环绕的环形芯区域，其中心部分包​​括铝掺杂和形成为具有小于工作波长的声子衰减长度的直径。

公开(公告)号：US20090116800A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-07

申请号：US11982694

申请日：2007-11-01

Applicant: David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G02B6/028

CPC classification number: G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02009 ,  G02B6/02023 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0672 ,  H01S3/06754

Abstract: A large mode area fiber amplifier suitable for high power applications includes a core region specifically configured to allow for high power operation while also limiting the amount of SBS that is generated. The composition of the core region is selected to include a dopant (such as aluminum) in selected areas to reduce the acoustic refractive index of the core and limit the spatial overlap between the acoustic and optical fields. The acoustic refractive index is also structured so that the acoustic field is refracted away from the central core area. In one embodiment, the core may comprise a depressed index center portion and surrounding ring core area, with the center portion including the aluminum doping and the ring formed to have a diameter less that the phonon decay length for the operating wavelength(s).

公开(公告)号：US5404064A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-04

申请号：US115063

申请日：1993-09-02

Applicant: Marc D. Mermelstein ,  Sandeep T. Vohra

Inventor： Marc D. Mermelstein ,  Sandeep T. Vohra

IPC: H01L41/107 ,  H01L41/08

CPC classification number: H01L41/107

Abstract: A stress-driven electrostrictive ceramic low-voltage plate voltage sensor based on the principle of the field-coupling between the strain and polarization in the ceramic material of the device. Application of a dithering or driving voltage to a piezoelectric tube thereby generating an oscillating polarization whose amplitude is proportional to an applied low-frequency voltage. A electrostrictive ceramic wafer material affixed to the piezoelectric tube senses this oscillation and generates a displacement current. The displacement current represents a voltage output that is an amplitude modulated carrier whose displaced amplitude is proportional to an applied unknown signal voltage sought to be determined.

Abstract translation: 一种应力驱动的电致伸缩陶瓷低压板电压传感器，基于陶瓷材料中应变和极化之间的场耦合原理。 将抖动或驱动电压施加到压电管，从而产生振幅与所施加的低频电压成比例的振荡极化。 固定到压电管的电致伸缩陶瓷晶片材料感测到该振荡并产生位移电流。 位移电流表示电压输出，该电压输出是幅度调制载波，其位移幅度与寻求确定的施加的未知信号电压成比例。

公开(公告)号：US5130654A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-14

申请号：US367435

申请日：1989-06-16

Applicant: Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G01R33/022

CPC classification number: G01R33/022

Abstract: A single magnetostrictive amorphous metal sensor element is mounted on a piezoelectric resonator plate with an intervening layer of a viscous fluid, an oscillator stresses and vibrates the plate at a resonant frequency, creating a standing wave in the sensor element which is a metallic glass ribbon. Electromotive forces are generated in first and second pickup coils mounted at symmetrically spaced positions about the ribbon centerline. The electromotive force generated by each pickup coil is demodulated by a lock-in amplifier with a signal supplied by the oscillator. The demodulated outputs are amplified so as to balance the sensitivities. Outputs of amplifiers are provided to a differential amplifier which produces the gradiometer output indicative of magnetic field gradient.

Abstract translation: 单个磁致伸缩非晶金属传感器元件安装在具有粘性流体的中间层的压电谐振器板上，振荡器以共振频率施加振动并振动板，从而在作为金属玻璃带的传感器元件中产生驻波。 在围绕色带中心线对称分开的位置安装的第一和第二拾取线圈中产生电动势。 由每个拾取线圈产生的电动势由具有由振荡器提供的信号的锁定放大器解调。 解调的输出被放大，以平衡灵敏度。 放大器的输出被提供给差分放大器，其产生指示磁场梯度的梯度计输出。

公开(公告)号：US4769599A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-06

申请号：US835545

申请日：1986-03-03

Applicant: Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G01R33/02 ,  H01L41/04 ,  H02N2/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/02

Abstract: A highly sensitive magnetometer employs a magnetostrictive amorphous metal core in which a piezoelectric driver induces stress variations. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the magnetization of the magnetostrictive core varies in relation to the induced stress. The amplitude of the variations in magnetization is proportional to the strength of the external field and is sensed by a pick-up winding disposed around the magnetostrictive core. The dynamic range of the device is improved by employing a bucking field winding around the core to null out the magnetization of the core. In contrast to the inherent non-linear characteristic of the conventional fluxgate magnetometer, the invention inherently provides a linear response to magnetic field strength.

Abstract translation: 高灵敏磁力计采用磁致伸缩非晶金属芯，其中压电驱动器引起应力变化。 在存在外部磁场的情况下，磁致伸缩磁芯的磁化强度相对于感应应力而变化。 磁化强度的变化幅度与外部场强的成正比，并由设在磁致伸缩芯周围的拾取绕组感测到。 通过使用围绕磁芯的抗磁场绕组来消除磁芯的磁化，改进了器件的动态范围。 与传统磁通门磁强计的固有非线性特性相反，本发明固有地提供对磁场强度的线性响应。

公开(公告)号：US20100046898A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-25

申请号：US12583422

申请日：2009-08-20

Applicant: David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G02B6/028 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02009 ,  G02B6/02023 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0672 ,  H01S3/06754

Abstract: A large mode area fiber amplifier suitable for high power applications includes a core region specifically configured to allow for high power operation while also limiting the amount of SBS that is generated. The composition of the core region is selected to include a dopant (such as aluminum) in selected areas to reduce the acoustic refractive index of the core and limit the spatial overlap between the acoustic and optical fields. The acoustic refractive index is also structured so that the acoustic field is refracted away from the central core area. In one embodiment, the core may comprise a depressed index center portion and surrounding ring core area, with the center portion including the aluminum doping and the ring formed to have a diameter less that the phonon decay length for the operating wavelength(s).

Abstract translation: 适用于大功率应用的大模式区域光纤放大器包括专门配置为允许高功率操作同时也限制所产生的SBS量的核心区域。 核心区域的组成被选择为在选定区域中包括掺杂剂（例如铝）以降低芯的声折射率并限制声场和光场之间的空间重叠。 声折射率也被构造成使声场从中心芯区域折射出来。 在一个实施例中，芯可以包括凹陷的折射率中心部分和环绕的环形芯区域，其中心部分包​​括铝掺杂和形成为具有小于工作波长的声子衰减长度的直径。

公开(公告)号：US07072099B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-04

申请号：US10282407

申请日：2002-10-29

Applicant: Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/09415 ,  H01S3/302

Abstract: An arrangement for reducing the effects of pump signal relative intensity noise (RIN) in a Raman fiber amplifier. A portion of the output from a pump laser source is applied as an input to a compensating, lower power laser module, where fluctuations in the output power of the pump laser are used to control the bias current applied as an input to the compensating laser such that as the pump power increases, the bias current (and lower power laser output) decreases; conversely, as the pump power decreases, the bias current applied as an input to the compensating laser will be increased. The result is a relatively flat gain as seen by the information signal, thus minimizing the transfer of relative intensity noise from the pump to the signal.

Abstract translation: 用于减少拉曼光纤放大器中的泵浦信号相对强度噪声（RIN）的影响的装置。 来自泵浦激光源的输出的一部分作为输入施加到补偿低功率激光模块，其中泵激光器的输出功率的波动用于控制作为补偿激光器的输入施加的偏置电流， 随着泵浦功率的增加，偏置电流（和较低功率的激光输出）减小; 相反，随着泵功率的降低，作为补偿激光器的输入的偏置电流将增加。 结果是由信息信号所看到的相对平坦的增益，从而最小化从泵到信号的相对强度噪声的传递。

公开(公告)号：US5233403A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-03

申请号：US906649

申请日：1992-06-30

Applicant: Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G01S17/58 ,  G01S17/66

CPC classification number: G01S17/58 ,  G01S17/66

Abstract: A system for determining the angular velocity of a mobile target relative to a station. The system develops first and second reference beams and a beam to the target to enable the target to generate first and second signals. Optical devices, preferably fiberoptical devices, responsive to the first and second reference beams and to the first and second signals respectively received from the target at discrete first and second positions on the station, respectively produce first and second interference pattern signals. Each of said received signals has a Doppler shift as a function of the movement of the target. An electrical processing circuit then processes the interference pattern signals to develop a signal indicative of the target's angular velocity.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定移动目标相对于站的角速度的系统。 该系统将第一和第二参考光束和一个光束发射到目标，以使目标产生第一和第二信号。 响应于第一和第二参考光束以及在站上离散的第一和第二位置分别从目标接收的第一和第二信号的光学装置，优选光纤装置分别产生第一和第二干涉图案信号。 所述接收信号中的每一个具有作为目标的移动的函数的多普勒频移。 然后，电处理电路处理干涉图案信号以产生指示目标角速度的信号。

公开(公告)号：US07856162B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-21

申请号：US12583422

申请日：2009-08-20

Applicant: David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： David J. DiGiovanni ,  Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/028 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02009 ,  G02B6/02023 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0672 ,  H01S3/06754

Abstract: A large mode area fiber amplifier suitable for high power applications includes a core region specifically configured to allow for high power operation while also limiting the amount of SBS that is generated. The composition of the core region is selected to include a dopant (such as aluminum) in selected areas to reduce the acoustic refractive index of the core and limit the spatial overlap between the acoustic and optical fields. The acoustic refractive index is also structured so that the acoustic field is refracted away from the central core area. In one embodiment, the core may comprise a depressed index center portion and surrounding ring core area, with the center portion including the aluminum doping and the ring formed to have a diameter less that the phonon decay length for the operating wavelength(s).

公开(公告)号：US4894615A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-16

申请号：US166706

申请日：1988-03-11

Applicant: Marc D. Mermelstein

Inventor： Marc D. Mermelstein

IPC: G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/02

Abstract: A highly-sensitive, physically small and rugged magnetometer employs a magnetostrictive amorphous metal ribbon core. A piezoelectric driver induces stress variations in the ribbon of a magnitude determined by an external magnetic field. The amplitude of the variations in magnetization is sensed by a pick-up winding disposed around the ribbon core. The dynamic range of the device is improved by employing a nulling field winding around the core to continuously null out the magnetization of the core. In contrast to the non-linear characteristic of the conventional fluxgate magnetometer, the invention provides a linear response to magnetic field strength which simplifies the processing circuitry. In addition, the ribbon may be field-annealed to improve the sensitivity of the device. Still further, low-frequency stresses in the ribbon (due to thermal expansion and the like) are relieved with a viscous fluid interface between the ribbon and support to thereby reduce low-frequency noise in the output signal and drifts in the calibration.

Abstract translation: 高灵敏度，物理上小而坚固的磁强计采用磁致伸缩非晶金属带芯。 压电驱动器引起由外部磁场决定的振幅的应力变化。 通过设置在带芯周围的拾取绕组来感测磁化变化的幅度。 通过采用围绕磁芯绕组的零域来连续地消除磁芯的磁化来改善器件的动态范围。 与传统磁通门磁强计的非线性特性相反，本发明提供了对磁场强度的线性响应，其简化了处理电路。 此外，带可以进行场退火以提高装置的灵敏度。 此外，带状物（由于热膨胀等）引起的低频应力由带状物和支持体之间的粘性流体界面释放，从而降低输出信号中的低频噪声并在校准中漂移。