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公开(公告)号：US08912498B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-16
申请号：US13098642
申请日：2011-05-02
CPC分类号： C09K11/772 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/12 , G21K4/00
摘要： A halide scintillator material is disclosed. The material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the formula A3MBr6(1-x)Cl6x (such as Cs3CeBr6(1-x)Cl6x) or AM2Br7(1-x)Cl7x (such as CsCe2Br7(1-x)Cl7x), 0≦x≦1, wherein A consists essentially of Li, Na K, Rb, Cs or any combination thereof, and M consists essentially of Ce, Sc, Y, La, Lu, Gd, Pr, Tb, Yb, Nd or any combination thereof. Furthermore, a method of making halide scintillator materials of the above-mentioned compositions is disclosed. In one example, high-purity starting halides (such as CsBr, CeBr3, CsCl and CeCl3) are mixed and melted to synthesize a compound of the desired composition of the scintillator material. A single crystal of the scintillator material is then grown from the synthesized compound by the Bridgman method. The disclosed scintillator materials are suitable for making scintillation detectors used in applications such as medical imaging and homeland security.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种卤化物闪烁体材料。 该材料是单晶的并且具有式A3MBr6（1-x）Cl6x（例如Cs3CeBr6（1-x）Cl6x）或AM2Br7（1-x）Cl7x（例如CsCe2Br7（1-x）Cl7x）的组成） ，其中A基本上由Li，NaK，Rb，Cs或其组合组成，M基本上由Ce，Sc，Y，La，Lu，Gd，Pr，Tb，Yb，Nd或 其任何组合。 此外，公开了制备上述组合物的卤化物闪烁体材料的方法。 在一个实例中，将高纯度起始卤化物（例如CsBr，CeBr 3，CsCl和CeCl 3）混合并熔融以合成所需闪烁体材料组成的化合物。 然后通过Bridgman方法从合成的化合物生长闪烁体材料的单晶。 公开的闪烁体材料适用于制造用于医学成像和国土安全等应用的闪烁检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US08692203B1
公开(公告)日：2014-04-08
申请号：US13098654
申请日：2011-05-02
CPC分类号： C30B29/12 , C09K11/7733 , C30B11/003 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/202 , G01T3/06 , G21K4/00
摘要： The present disclosure discloses, in one arrangement, a single crystalline iodide scintillator material having a composition of the formula AM1−xEuxI3, A3M1−xEuxI5 and AM2(1−x)Eu2xI5, wherein A consists essentially of any alkali metal element (such as Li, Na K, Rb, Cs) or any combination thereof, M consists essentially of Sr, Ca, Ba or any combination thereof, and 0≦x≦1. In another arrangement, the above single crystalline iodide scintillator material can be made by first synthesizing a compound of the above composition and then forming a single crystal from the synthesized compound by, for example, the Vertical Gradient Freeze method. Applications of the iodide scintillator materials include radiation detectors and their use in medical and security imaging.
摘要翻译： 本公开在一种布置中公开了具有式AM1-xEuxI3，A3M1-xEuxI5和AM2（1-x）Eu2xI5组成的单结晶碘化物闪烁体材料，其中A基本上由任何碱金属元素（例如Li ，Na K，Rb，Cs）或其任何组合，M基本上由Sr，Ca，Ba或其任何组合组成，并且0和n 1; x和n 1; 在另一种布置中，上述单结晶碘化物闪烁体材料可以通过首先合成上述组成的化合物，然后通过例如垂直梯度冷冻法由合成的化合物形成单晶来制备。 碘化物闪烁体材料的应用包括辐射探测器及其在医疗和安全成像中的应用。
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公开(公告)号：US08598530B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-03
申请号：US13098662
申请日：2011-05-02
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G21K4/00 , C09K11/7705 , C09K11/772 , C09K11/7773 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/12 , G21K2004/06
摘要： The present disclosure discloses, in one arrangement, a single crystalline chloride scintillator material having a composition of the formula A3MCl6, wherein A consists essentially of Cs and M consists essentially of Ce and Gd. In another arrangement, a chloride scintillator material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the formula AM2Cl7, wherein A consists essentially of Li, Na K, Rb, Cs or any combination thereof, and M consists essentially of Ce, Sc, Y, La, Lu, Gd, Pr, Tb, Yb, Nd or any combination thereof. Specific examples of these scintillator materials include single-crystalline Ce-doped KGd2Cl7 (KGd2(1-x)Ce2xCl7) and Ce-doped CsGd2Cl7(CsGd2(1-x)Ce2xCl7).
摘要翻译： 本公开在一种布置中公开了具有式A3MCl6组成的单晶氯化物闪烁体材料，其中A基本上由Cs组成，M基本上由Ce和Gd组成。 在另一种布置中，氯化物闪烁体材料是单晶的并且具有式AM2Cl7的组成，其中A基本上由Li，NaK，Rb，Cs或其任何组合组成，M基本上由Ce，Sc，Y， La，Lu，Gd，Pr，Tb，Yb，Nd或其任何组合。 这些闪烁体材料的具体实例包括单晶Ce掺杂的KGd2Cl7（KGd2（1-x）Ce2xCl7）和Ce掺杂的CsGd2Cl7（CsGd2（1-x）Ce2xCl7）。
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公开(公告)号：US20120273726A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-01
申请号：US13351748
申请日：2012-01-17
申请人： Mariya Zhuravleva , Kan Yang
发明人： Mariya Zhuravleva , Kan Yang
CPC分类号： C09K11/7733 , C04B35/5152 , C04B35/6455 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3213 , C04B2235/3215 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/9653 , C09K11/7791 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/12
摘要： A halide scintillator material is disclosed where the halide may comprise chloride, bromide or iodide. The material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the general formula ABX3 where A is an alkali, B is an alkali earth and X is a halide which general composition was investigated. In particular, crystals of the formula ACa1-yEuyI3 where A=K, Rb and Cs were formed as well as crystals of the formula CsA1-yEuyX3 (where A=Ca, Sr, Ba, or a combination thereof and X═Cl, Br or I or a combination thereof) with divalent Europium doping where 0≦y≦1, and more particularly Eu doping has been studied at one to ten mol %. The disclosed scintillator materials are suitable for making scintillation detectors used in applications such as medical imaging and homeland security.
摘要翻译： 公开了卤化物闪烁体材料，其中卤化物可以包括氯化物，溴化物或碘化物。 该材料是单晶的并且具有通式ABX3的组成，其中A是碱，B是碱土，X是一般组成的卤化物。 特别地，形成式ACa1-yEuyI3的晶体，其中A = K，Rb和Cs以及式CsAl-yEuyX3的晶体（其中A = Ca，Sr，Ba或其组合，X = Cl，Br 或I或其组合）与二价铕掺杂，其中0和nlE; y＆nlE; 1，更具体地Eu掺杂已经以1至10mol％进行了研究。 公开的闪烁体材料适用于制造用于医学成像和国土安全等应用的闪烁检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US20140110588A1
公开(公告)日：2014-04-24
申请号：US13098654
申请日：2011-05-02
CPC分类号： C30B29/12 , C09K11/7733 , C30B11/003 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/202 , G01T3/06 , G21K4/00
摘要： The present disclosure discloses, in one arrangement, a single crystalline iodide scintillator material having a composition of the formula AM1-xEuxI3, A3M1-xEuxI5 and AM2(1-x)Eu2xI5, wherein A consists essentially of any alkali metal element (such as Li, Na K, Rb, Cs) or any combination thereof, M consists essentially of Sr, Ca, Ba or any combination thereof, and 0≦x≦1. In another arrangement, the above single crystalline iodide scintillator material can be made by first synthesizing a compound of the above composition and then forming a single crystal from the synthesized compound by, for example, the Vertical Gradient Freeze method. Applications of the iodide scintillator materials include radiation detectors and their use in medical and security imaging.
摘要翻译： 本公开在一种布置中公开了具有式AM1-xEuxI3，A3M1-xEuxI5和AM2（1-x）Eu2xI5组成的单结晶碘化物闪烁体材料，其中A基本上由任何碱金属元素（例如Li ，Na K，Rb，Cs）或其任何组合，M基本上由Sr，Ca，Ba或其任何组合组成，并且0和n 1; x和n 1; 在另一种布置中，上述单结晶碘化物闪烁体材料可以通过首先合成上述组成的化合物，然后通过例如垂直梯度冷冻法由合成的化合物形成单晶来制备。 碘化物闪烁体材料的应用包括辐射探测器及其在医疗和安全成像中的应用。
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公开(公告)号：US20110272586A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-10
申请号：US13098662
申请日：2011-05-02
CPC分类号： G21K4/00 , C09K11/7705 , C09K11/772 , C09K11/7773 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/12 , G21K2004/06
摘要： The present disclosure discloses, in one arrangement, a single crystalline chloride scintillator material having a composition of the formula A3MCl6, wherein A consists essentially of Li, Na K, Rb, Cs or any combination thereof, and M consists essentially of Ce, Sc, Y, La, Lu, Gd, Pr, Tb, Yb, Nd or any combination thereof. In another arrangement, a chloride scintillator material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the formula AM2Cl7, wherein A consists essentially of Li, Na K, Rb, Cs or any combination thereof, and M consists essentially of Ce, Sc, Y, La, Lu, Gd, Pr, Tb, Yb, Nd or any combination thereof. Specific examples of these scintillator materials include single-crystalline Cs3CeCl6, CsCe2Cl7, Ce-doped KGd2Cl7 (KGd2(1-x)Ce2xCl7) and Ce-doped CsGd2Cl7 (CsGd2(1-x)Ce2xCl7). In a further arrangement, the Bridgman method can be used to grown single crystals of the chloride scintillator materials compounds synthesized from starting chlorides.
摘要翻译： 本公开在一种布置中公开了具有式A3MCl6组成的单晶氯化物闪烁体材料，其中A主要由Li，NaK，Rb，Cs或其任何组合组成，M基本上由Ce，Sc， Y，La，Lu，Gd，Pr，Tb，Yb，Nd或其任何组合。 在另一种布置中，氯化物闪烁体材料是单晶的并且具有式AM2Cl7的组成，其中A基本上由Li，NaK，Rb，Cs或其任何组合组成，M基本上由Ce，Sc，Y， La，Lu，Gd，Pr，Tb，Yb，Nd或其任何组合。 这些闪烁体材料的具体实例包括单晶Cs3CeCl6，CsCe2Cl7，Ce掺杂的KGd2Cl7（KGd2（1-x）Ce2xCl7）和Ce掺杂的CsGd2Cl7（CsGd2（1-x）Ce2xCl7）。 在另一种布置中，Bridgman方法可用于生长由起始氯化物合成的氯化物闪烁体材料化合物的单晶。
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公开(公告)号：US20110272585A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-10
申请号：US13098642
申请日：2011-05-02
CPC分类号： C09K11/772 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/12 , G21K4/00
摘要： A halide scintillator material is disclosed. The material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the formula A3MBr6(1-x)Cl6x (such as Cs3CeBr6(1-x)Cl6x) or AM2Br7(1-x)Cl7x (such as CsCe2Br7(1-x)Cl7x), 0≦x≦1, wherein A consists essentially of Li, Na K, Rb, Cs or any combination thereof, and M consists essentially of Ce, Sc, Y, La, Lu, Gd, Pr, Tb, Yb, Nd or any combination thereof. Furthermore, a method of making halide scintillator materials of the above-mentioned compositions is disclosed. In one example, high-purity starting halides (such as CsBr, CeBr3, CsCl and CeCl3) are mixed and melted to synthesize a compound of the desired composition of the scintillator material. A single crystal of the scintillator material is then grown from the synthesized compound by the Bridgman method. The disclosed scintillator materials are suitable for making scintillation detectors used in applications such as medical imaging and homeland security.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种卤化物闪烁体材料。 该材料是单晶的并且具有式A3MBr6（1-x）Cl6x（例如Cs3CeBr6（1-x）Cl6x）或AM2Br7（1-x）Cl7x（例如CsCe2Br7（1-x）Cl7x）的组成） ，其中A基本上由Li，NaK，Rb，Cs或其组合组成，M基本上由Ce，Sc，Y，La，Lu，Gd，Pr，Tb，Yb，Nd或 其任何组合。 此外，公开了制备上述组合物的卤化物闪烁体材料的方法。 在一个实例中，将高纯度起始卤化物（例如CsBr，CeBr 3，CsCl和CeCl 3）混合并熔融以合成所需闪烁体材料组成的化合物。 然后通过Bridgman方法从合成的化合物生长闪烁体材料的单晶。 公开的闪烁体材料适用于制造用于医学成像和国土安全等应用的闪烁检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US08815119B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-26
申请号：US13351748
申请日：2012-01-17
申请人： Mariya Zhuravleva , Kan Yang
发明人： Mariya Zhuravleva , Kan Yang
IPC分类号： C09K11/61 , C09K11/77 , C30B29/12 , C30B11/00 , C04B35/645 , C04B35/515
CPC分类号： C09K11/7733 , C04B35/5152 , C04B35/6455 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3213 , C04B2235/3215 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/9653 , C09K11/7791 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/12
摘要： A halide scintillator material is disclosed where the halide may comprise chloride, bromide or iodide. The material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the general formula ABX3 where A is an alkali, B is an alkali earth and X is a halide which general composition was investigated. In particular, crystals of the formula ACa1-yEuyI3 where A=K, Rb and Cs were formed as well as crystals of the formula CsA1-yEuyX3 (where A=Ca, Sr, Ba, or a combination thereof and X=Cl, Br or I or a combination thereof) with divalent Europium doping where 0≦y≦1, and more particularly Eu doping has been studied at one to ten mol %. The disclosed scintillator materials are suitable for making scintillation detectors used in applications such as medical imaging and homeland security.
摘要翻译： 公开了卤化物闪烁体材料，其中卤化物可以包括氯化物，溴化物或碘化物。 该材料是单晶的并且具有通式ABX3的组成，其中A是碱，B是碱土，X是一般组成的卤化物。 特别地，形成式ACa1-yEuyI3的晶体，其中A = K，Rb和Cs以及式CsAl-yEuyX3的晶体（其中A = Ca，Sr，Ba或其组合，X = Cl，Br 或I或其组合）与二价铕掺杂，其中0和nlE; y＆nlE; 1，更具体地Eu掺杂已经以1至10mol％进行了研究。 公开的闪烁体材料适用于制造用于医学成像和国土安全等应用的闪烁检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US11582024B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-14
申请号：US16525378
申请日：2019-07-29
摘要： A decentralized public key management system for named data networks based on blockchain, which solves the Compromised Certificate Authority (CA) Problem. The system divides the power of an individual CA among multiple Public Key Miners (PKMiners) that maintain the public key blockchains. The majority rule in name-principal validation allows the present invention to tolerate compromised PKMiners without causing any damage.
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10.发明申请Neutron Sensor, a Neutron Sensing Apparatus Including the Neutron Sensor and Processes of Forming the Neutron Sensors 审中-公开中子传感器，包含中子传感器的中子传感器和形成中子传感器的过程公开(公告)号：US20140091227A1
公开(公告)日：2014-04-03
申请号：US14038440
申请日：2013-09-26
申请人： Kan Yang , Peter R. Menge , Brian C. LaCourse
发明人： Kan Yang , Peter R. Menge , Brian C. LaCourse
IPC分类号： G01T3/06
CPC分类号： G01T3/06
摘要： A neutron sensor includes neutron-sensing particles and a scintillator coating surrounding the neutron-sensing particles. In an embodiment, the neutron-sensing particles include 6LiF particles, the scintillator coating includes ZnS, or both. In another embodiment, the scintillator coating can coat more than one neutron-sensing particle. In a further embodiment, the scintillator coating is formed on neutron-sensing particles using precipitation techniques or fluidized bed processing.
摘要翻译： 中子传感器包括中子感测颗粒和围绕中子感测颗粒的闪烁体涂层。 在一个实施方案中，中子感测颗粒包括6LiF颗粒，闪烁体涂层包括ZnS或两者。 在另一个实施方案中，闪烁体涂层可以涂覆多于一个中子感测颗粒。 在另一个实施方案中，使用沉淀技术或流化床处理在中子感测颗粒上形成闪烁体涂层。
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