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1.发明授权Method for solidification of waste, and apparatus, waste form, and solidifying material therefor 失效废弃物固化方法，装置，废物形式及固化材料
公开(公告)号：US5463171A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-31
申请号：US123359
申请日：1993-09-17
申请人： Takashi Nishi , Masami Matsuda , Kenji Noshita , Makoto Kikuchi , Tatsuo Izumida , Shin Tamata , Yoshimasa Kiuchi
发明人： Takashi Nishi , Masami Matsuda , Kenji Noshita , Makoto Kikuchi , Tatsuo Izumida , Shin Tamata , Yoshimasa Kiuchi
摘要： Objective of the present invention is to provide a preferable solidified body ensuring performance of artificial barrier in a solidifying process for incombustible miscellaneous solid waste and other wastes such as calcined ashes by preventing generation of hydrogen gas by a reaction of amphoteric metal included in the waste with solidifying materials.In order to suppress the reaction of the amphoteric metal with the solidifying materials, any one or arbitrary plurality of the following three means are provided in the solidifying materials;(1) A means for forming protection film on surface of the amphoteric metal,(2) A means for enhancing hydration reaction of cement,(3) A means for reducing basicity of the solidifying materials.In accordance with the present invention, a preferable solidified body can be obtained by a simple and easy method which does not necessitate separation and pre-treatment of the waste.
摘要翻译： 本发明的目的是提供一种优选的凝固体，其通过防止由废弃物中包含的两性金属的反应产生氢气，从而确保在不可燃杂项固体废物和其它废物如煅烧灰分的固化过程中的人造阻挡层的性能， 凝固材料。 为了抑制两性金属与凝固材料的反应，在固化材料中设置任意多种以下三种手段; （1）两性金属表面形成保护膜的方法，（2）增强水泥水化反应的手段，（3）降低固化物的碱度的手段。 根据本发明，可以通过简单且容易的方法获得优选的固化体，该方法不需要废物的分离和预处理。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5498828A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US34885
申请日：1993-03-19
申请人： Masami Matsuda , Takashi Nishi , Makoto Kikuchi , Tatsuo Izumida , Shin Tamata , Yoshimasa Kiuchi
发明人： Masami Matsuda , Takashi Nishi , Makoto Kikuchi , Tatsuo Izumida , Shin Tamata , Yoshimasa Kiuchi
摘要： An object of the present invention is to improve retainability (distribution coefficient) for C-14 of a radioactive waste solidified body. The waste is solidified with a solidification agent containing a soluble substance which yields an insoluble substance by a reaction with carbonic ions, insoluble carbonates, or a mixture of the above substances. And, as for a pre-treatment, the soluble substance which yields an insoluble substance by a reaction with carbonic ions is previously reacted with liquid waste, and subsequently the solidification is performed. The retainability (distribution coefficient) for C-14 of the solidified body of the waste increases about one order.
摘要翻译： 本发明的目的在于提高放射性废物凝固体的C-14的保持性（分配系数）。 废物通过含有可溶性物质的凝固剂固化，通过与碳酸离子，不溶性碳酸酯或上述物质的混合物的反应产生不溶性物质。 并且，对于预处理，通过与碳离子反应产生不溶性物质的可溶性物质预先与废液反应，随后进行固化。 废物凝固体C-14的保留性（分布系数）大约增加一个数量级。
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公开(公告)号：US5732362A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US358955
申请日：1994-12-19
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for treating radioactive laundry waste water generated from a nuclear power plant, nuclear fuel reprocessing plant, or radioactive nuclides handling facilities, and provides a method for treating the waste water safely and for reducing the volume of generated radioactive waste to a minimum. Radioactive laundry waste water containing a detergent of which major contents are a nonionic surface active agent and inorganic builders is concentrated by an evaporating concentrator, the concentrated waste water is dried and pulverized to dry powder by a rotary centrifugal thin film dryer, and the dry powder is incinerated. By using the above detergent, foaming at the concentration can be reduced, and the concentrated waste water can be easily dried and pulverized. Further, the dried powder can be incinerated stably and safely without influencing undesirable effect on the body of the incinerator. In accordance with the present invention, laundry waste water can be treated simply and safely, and the final volume of radioactive waste can be reduced to minimum.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于处理核电厂，核燃料后处理厂或放射性核素处理设备产生的放射性洗衣废水的方法，并提供了一种安全处理废水并减少产生的放射性废物体积的方法 至少。 含有主要成分为非离子表面活性剂的洗涤剂和无机助洗剂的放射性洗涤废水通过蒸发浓缩器浓缩，浓缩废水通过旋转式离心薄膜干燥机干燥并粉碎成干燥粉末， 被焚烧 通过使用上述洗涤剂，可以降低浓度的发泡，并且可以容易地将浓缩的废水干燥和粉碎。 此外，干燥粉末可以稳定和安全地焚烧，而不会影响对焚烧炉体的不良影响。 根据本发明，可以简单和安全地处理洗衣废水，并将放射性废物的最终体积降低到最小。
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公开(公告)号：US5140165A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US708228
申请日：1991-05-31
CPC分类号： G21F9/36 , G21F5/005 , Y10S422/903 , Y10S588/90
摘要： A vessel for solidifying radioactive waste pellets includes a vessel body, an inner lid mounted within the vessel body and fixedly secured to an upper portion of the vessel body, and a device for preventing the pellets from floating fixedly secured one end thereof to the inner lid. The inner lid has an opening formed at a generally central portion thereof, and the pellet float prevention device is extended into the opening of the inner lid to define gaps therebetween allowing the passage of a solidifying material in the state of a liquid or a slurry therethrough but preventing the passage of the radioctive waste pellets therethrough. The pellet prevention device, when receiving a downward urging force, is bent downward to enlarge the gaps therebetween for allowing the radioactive waste pellets to pass therethrough. The pellet float prevention device is returned by a resilient restoring force to its initial position when the downward urging force is released. The pellet float prevention device comprises a plurality of coil springs fixedly secured to the inner lid in a radial manner, and some of the plurality of coil springs extend to an area close to the center of the opening in the inner lid. The coil springs are extended in such a manner that the axis of each of the coil springs is displaced a predetermined angle from the center of the opening in the inner lid.
摘要翻译： 用于固化放射性废物丸粒的容器包括容器主体，安装在容器主体内并固定到容器主体的上部的内盖，以及用于防止颗粒固定地固定在内盖上的装置 。 内盖具有形成在其大致中央部的开口，并且防止浮渣的装置延伸到内盖的开口中，以限定间隙，允许以液体或浆料的状态通过凝固材料 但是防止放射性废料丸通过其中。 颗粒防止装置在受到向下的推动力时向下弯曲以扩大它们之间的间隙，以允许放射性废料颗粒通过。 当向下的推动力被释放时，颗粒浮子防止装置通过弹性恢复力返回到其初始位置。 颗粒浮子防止装置包括以径向方式固定地固定到内盖的多个螺旋弹簧，并且多个螺旋弹簧中的一些螺旋弹簧延伸到靠近内盖中的开口的中心的区域。 螺旋弹簧以使得每个螺旋弹簧的轴线从内盖中的开口的中心偏移预定角度的方式延伸。
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