公开(公告)号：US06437274B2

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09729271

申请日：2000-12-05

申请人： Max Claessens ,  Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,  Leopold Ritzer ,  Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Max Claessens ,  Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,  Leopold Ritzer ,  Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H940

CPC分类号： H01H33/6661 ,  H01H33/143

摘要： This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. Means are provided which ensure a sensible voltage distribution between the first and the second arcing chamber in the course of a switching process. At least one vacuum switching chamber having an insulating housing, is provided as the second arcing chamber. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker wich can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, in that means are provided which ensure that the movement of the contacting arrangement of the first arcing chamber precedes the movement of the contact arrangement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the contacting arrangement of the second arcing chamber precedes the movement of the contact arrangement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process. The second arcing chamber is permanently bridged by a non-reactive resistor, which is in the form of a resistance coating applied to the inner wall or the outer wall of the insulating housing of the second arcing chamber.

摘要翻译： 该混合断路器具有至少两个串联连接的电弧室，这些电弧室由公共驱动器或单独的驱动器操作，并且填充有不同的灭弧介质。 提供了在切换过程中确保第一和第二电弧室之间明显的电压分布的装置。 具有绝缘壳体的至少一个真空开关室被设置为第二电弧室。 其目的是提供一种可经济地生产且具有高可用性的混合式断路器。 特别地，这是通过提供这样的方式实现的，其确保了在断开过程期间第一电弧室的接触装置的运动在第二电弧室的接触装置的移动之前，并且接触的运动 在连接过程期间，第二电弧室的布置在第一电弧室的接触装置的运动之前。 第二电弧室由非反应电阻器永久桥接，其为施加到第二电弧室的绝缘壳体的内壁或外壁上的电阻涂层的形式。

公开(公告)号：US4652709A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-24

申请号：US739622

申请日：1985-05-31

申请人： Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985 ,  H01H33/70

CPC分类号： H01H33/98

摘要： A gas blast switch, preferably for switching medium voltages, has two cylindrical contacts movable relative to one another along the cylinder axis in a casing filled with extinguishing gas. The contacts are coaxially surrounded by a hot space. The hot space serves to accept extinguishing gas which is heated by a switching arc. The heated extinguishing gas is led, via an annular gap, into the hot space where it is stored to be mixed with fresh extinguishing gas and to thereafter produce effective blasting of the switching arc. The extinguishing gas which is not cooled with a cooling device, still provides gas temperatures which are substantially below the temperature of the heated extinguishing gas. This is achieved in one embodiment by a radially extending annular duct having a width (B) which is small in comparison to the axial longitudinal extension (L) and the radial depth (D) of the hot space. Further, the axial longitudinal extension (L) and the radial depth (D) of the hot space, both measured from the entry or boundary of the annular duct into the hot space, are approximately equal to one another.

摘要翻译： 优选用于切换介质电压的气体吹扫开关具有两个圆柱形接头，该圆柱形接触件可以在装有灭火气体的壳体中沿着气缸轴线相对于彼此移动。 触点同时被热空间包围。 热空间用于接受由开关电弧加热的灭火气体。 加热的灭火气体通过环形间隙被引导到其被储存的热空间中，以与新鲜的灭火气体混合，然后对切换电弧进行有效的爆破。 未用冷却装置冷却的灭火气体仍然提供基本上低于加热的灭火气体的温度的气体温度。 这在一个实施例中通过径向延伸的环形管道实现，其宽度（B）与热空间的轴向纵向延伸（L）和径向深度（D）相比较小。 此外，两个从环形管道的入口或边界到热空间的热空间的轴向纵向延伸（L）和径向深度（D）彼此近似相等。

公开(公告)号：US4286128A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-25

申请号：US897150

申请日：1978-04-17

申请人： Stanislaus Ruffieux ,  Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Stanislaus Ruffieux ,  Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985 ,  H01H33/82

CPC分类号： H01H33/7038 ,  H01H33/982

摘要： An electric gas-switch includes a switching chamber that is divided by a partition into an arc chamber and an additional chamber with a central pin being located within the arc chamber. The pin is embraced at least partially by a stationary switch part which is surrounded by a coil through which is flowing a cut-off current. One end of the coil is connected with an annular intermediate electrode which surrounds the central pin at a distance within the region of its free end. In an on position the central pin is embraced, at least at its free end, by the movable switch part that is designed in the form of a nozzle.

摘要翻译： 电气开关包括由隔板分成电弧室的切换室和具有位于电弧室内的中心销的附加室。 销至少部分地被固定的开关部分包围，该固定的开关部分被流过截止电流的线圈围绕。 线圈的一端与在其自由端的区域内围绕中心销的环形中间电极连接。 在打开位置时，中心销至少在其自由端处被设计成喷嘴形式的可移动开关部分包围。

公开(公告)号：US4414450A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-08

申请号：US260203

申请日：1981-05-04

申请人： Rudolf Moll ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Rudolf Moll ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/915 ,  H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/82

CPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/91

摘要： A high voltage power switch for alternating current has a stationary, hollow contact, an axially displaceable contact, a nozzle through which compressed gas is directed into an expansion chamber, and a cylindrical coil. The coil is connected at one of its ends with a first part of the hollow contact, and at its other end with a second part of the stationary contact. In a switch of this type, the disconnect capacity is improved by an increased exchange of gas between the arc and the surrounding compressed gas, while the dimensions of the coil connected with the hollow contact and the magnitude of the flow of compressed gas are relatively small. These features are obtained by configuring the first part of the stationary contact as a nozzle, and providing a compression device, actuated by the contacts, to produce a flow of compressed gas of a magnitude so that the arc is commutated from the first part to the second part of the contact within a period of time that is short compared with the duration of the half-wave of the current, prior to the time the current changes polarity.

摘要翻译： 用于交流电的高压电源开关具有静止的中空接触，可轴向移动的接触，压缩气体被引导到膨胀室中的喷嘴和圆柱形线圈。 线圈的一端与中空触点的第一部分连接，而另一端连接固定触点的第二部分。 在这种类型的开关中，通过在电弧和周围的压缩气体之间增加的气体交换来提高断开容量，而与中空接触件相连的线圈的尺寸和压缩气体的流动的大小相对较小 。 这些特征通过将固定接触件的第一部分构造为喷嘴而获得，并且提供由触头致动的压缩装置，以产生大小的压缩气体流，使得电弧从第一部分转换到 在电流变化极限之前的一段时间内与电流半波的持续时间相比较短的时间段内的第二部分。

公开(公告)号：US5254185A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-19

申请号：US752600

申请日：1991-08-14

申请人： Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H1/02 ,  H01H11/04 ,  H01H33/66 ,  B05B5/06

CPC分类号： H01H11/041 ,  H01H1/0203

摘要： Surface-coated components, such as contact pieces for vacuum switches, are produced by means of the method by melting open the surface of a metallic substrate (1) in a local area (15) by an energy flow (12) and combining an additive (8) with the melted-open material of the local area (15). It is intended to produce components with large areas with small outlay in apparatus by means of this method. This is attained by the following steps: Prior to melting open the local area (15), the substrate (1) is pre-heated to a temperature considerably above room temperature, but below its melting temperature. After pre-heating, the local area (15) on the surface of the substrate is melted open and the additive (8) is applied to the substrate surface in the form of a loose powder layer (10). The local area (15) melted open by the energy flow (12) is guided to and through the powder layer (10) and in the course of this powder present in the powder layer (10) is wetted or the powder layer (10) is soaked with liquid material from the melted-open local area (15), because of which the powder of the powder layer (10) is bonded with the surface of the substrate (1) and the desired surface layer (16) is formed.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH90 / 00285 Sec。 371日期1991年8月14日 102（e）日期1991年8月14日PCT 1990年12月17日PCT PCT。 公开号WO91 / 09409 日期：1991年6月27日。用于真空开关的表面涂覆部件，例如用于真空开关的接触片，通过以下方法产生，该方法是通过将能量流（15）的金属基底（1）的表面熔化 （12），并将添加剂（8）与局部区域（15）的熔融开放材料组合。 通过该方法制造具有较小面积的具有小装置的部件的部件。 这通过以下步骤来实现：在熔融开放局部区域（15）之前，将衬底（1）预热至明显高于室温但低于其熔融温度的温度。 在预热之后，将基板表面上的局部区域（15）熔融开放，并将添加剂（8）以松散粉末层（10）的形式施加到基板表面。 通过能量流（12）熔化的局部区域（15）被引导并穿过粉末层（10），并且在粉末层（10）中存在的粉末的过程中被润湿或粉末层（10） 由熔融开放的局部区域（15）浸泡有液体材料，由此粉末层（10）的粉末与衬底（1）的表面结合并形成所需的表面层（16）。

公开(公告)号：US4032736A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-28

申请号：US602185

申请日：1975-08-06

申请人： Stanislas Ruffieux ,  Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Stanislas Ruffieux ,  Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/60 ,  H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/88 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985

CPC分类号： H01H33/982

摘要： A gas-pressurized electrical switch includes a casing provided with a transverse wall dividing the interior into two quenching chambers filled with a pressurized arc-quenching gas. A longitudinally movable contact member is supported within a first one of the chambers and includes a nozzle pipe projecting through the transverse wall into the other chamber for entry into an annular stationary contact member which is surrounded by a magnetic-field producing coil having one end connected to one terminal of the switch. The nozzle pipe is provided with apertures through the wall thereof in the first chamber which place the two chambers in communication with each other. A pin member is located centrally within the stationary contact member and is entered into the nozzle pipe in the contact-closed position, and this pin is surrounded by an annular electrode. When the contacts disengage, an arc is drawn and thereafter one portion of the arc burns between the annular electrode and the pin and is rotated by the magnetic field, and the other portion of the arc burns between the pin and the nozzle pipe of the movable contact member. Burning of the arc generates heat which causes an increase in gas pressure in the chamber containing the stationary contact member assembly which then acts to start flow of arc extinguishing gas through the nozzle pipe which results in arc extinction.

公开(公告)号：US4556767A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-03

申请号：US614866

申请日：1984-05-29

申请人： Walter Egli ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade ,  Roland Stelzer

发明人： Walter Egli ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade ,  Roland Stelzer

IPC分类号： H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/90 ,  H01H33/915 ,  H01H33/88

CPC分类号： H01H33/901 ,  H01H33/905

摘要： A gas-blast breaker with two contact members which are movable relative to one another. Each contact member is provided with a respective sparking contact. The contacts communicate with a cylindrical compression chamber whose volume varies as a function of the movement of the contact members and which is filled pressurized gas. A channel leading into a quenching zone between the sparking contacts extends into a first one of the two end faces of the compression chamber. A second one of the two end faces is bounded by a piston which is displaceable along the cylinder axis of the compression chamber and which is subjected to the action of a tensioned spring. The circuit breaker is suited for reliably interrupting both small and large currents, with a comparatively weak and simple drive mechanism for the movable contact member. The piston interacts with a fixed stop which is arranged such that the movement of the piston which is subjected to the action of the tensioned spring is blocked, below a predetermined first gas pressure in the compression chamber, against the movement of one of the contact members which is moved upon the occurrence of a breaking operation in the circuit breaker.

摘要翻译： 具有可相对于彼此移动的两个接触构件的气体破碎机。 每个触点构件都设有相应的火花触点。 接触件与圆柱形压缩室连通，其体积根据接触构件的运动而变化，并且其被填充加压气体。 引导到火花触头之间的淬火区域的通道延伸到压缩室的两个端面中的第一个端面中。 两个端面中的第二个端面由活塞限定，该活塞可沿着压缩室的气缸轴线移动并且受到张紧弹簧的作用。 断路器适用于可靠地中断小电流和大电流，具有用于可动接触构件的较弱且简单的驱动机构。 活塞与固定止动件相互作用，该固定止动件被布置成使得受到张紧弹簧的作用的活塞的运动被阻塞，低于压缩室中预定的第一气体压力，抵抗一个接触构件的运动 其在断路器中发生断路操作时移动。

公开(公告)号：US4486632A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-04

申请号：US387465

申请日：1982-06-11

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Blaise Perrenoud ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade ,  Rolf Schaumann

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Blaise Perrenoud ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade ,  Rolf Schaumann

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/90 ,  H01H33/915 ,  H01H33/88

CPC分类号： H01H33/903 ,  H01H2033/902 ,  H01H33/18

摘要： In a high-voltage power switch having a movable contact and at least one other contact, wherein the contacts define a quenching path in which an arc burns, a piston/cylinder compression device in which fresh quenching gas is condensed, and a heating volume in which quenching gas is stored and compressed by the arc as a result of heating, quenching gas compressed during a switching process is blown into the quenching path and removed through a nozzle into an expansion space. So that the blowing of the arc is nearly independent of the intensity of the current to be interrupted and, in addition, an increase in the quenching capacity can be attained by means of a supply of fresh quenching gas, the movable contact is rigidly connected to the piston, which changes the volume of a compression space. The compression space and the heating volume open into a common annular duct. This annular duct is a part of a mixing device for hot and cold quenching gas and connects the compression space and the heating volume to the quenching path.

摘要翻译： 在具有可动触点和至少一个其它触点的高压电源开关中，其中所述触点限定了电弧燃烧的淬火路径，其中新鲜的淬火气体被冷凝的活塞/气缸压缩装置以及加热体积 该淬火气体由于加热而被电弧储存和压缩，在切换过程中被压缩的骤冷气体被吹入淬火路径中，并通过喷嘴除去到膨胀空间。 因此，电弧的吹制几乎与待中断的电流的强度无关，另外，通过提供新鲜的淬火气体可以实现淬火能力的提高，可动触头刚性地连接到 活塞，其改变压缩空间的体积。 压缩空间和加热容积开放到共同的环形管道中。 该环形管道是用于冷热淬火气体的混合装置的一部分，并将压缩空间和加热体积连接到淬火路径。

公开(公告)号：US3995130A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-30

申请号：US446778

申请日：1974-02-28

申请人： Gerhard Mauthe ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade

发明人： Gerhard Mauthe ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade

IPC分类号： H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/76 ,  H01H33/60

CPC分类号： H01H33/76 ,  H01H33/7023 ,  H01H33/7076

摘要： A structural component such as nozzle-forming member to be utilized in conjunction with the arc quenching chamber of an electrical circuit breaker operating with a pressurized gaseous fluid such as SF.sub.6 and made from a polytetrafluoroethylene composition that is gas-emissive under influence of heat generated by the arc in the vicinity of the nozzle is provided with a system of gas-conducting passageways to permit such gas to escape from sub-surface cavities formed by deterioration of the composition rather than accumulate therein which leads ultimately to undersirable chipping off of pieces of the surface. These passageways may be constituted by a system of blind holes or by a system of grooves.

摘要翻译： 一种结构部件，例如喷嘴形成部件，与电弧断路器的灭弧室结合使用，该电路断路器用加压气态流体如SF6操作并由聚四氟乙烯组合物制成，该聚四氟乙烯组合物在由 喷嘴附近的电弧设置有导气通道的系统，以允许这种气体从由组合物的劣化形成的子表面空腔中逸出，而不是积聚在其中，这最终导致不可取的碎屑 表面。 这些通道可以由盲孔系统或凹槽系统构成。