Abstract:
The present invention refers to a settable mixture comprising (i) a water absorbing composition and (ii) an aqueous emulsion of organic polymer or (iii) dispersible organic polymer, wherein the water absorbing composition (i) contains inorganic ingredients which are capable to react with water and the water absorbing composition (i) contains at least 13 weight % lime and at least 5 weight % of a cementitious composition of which components form ettringite during the absorption of water and wherein the amount of the aqueous emulsion of organic polymer (ii) in relation to (i) is such as to provide a ratio of combined weight of polymer solids to combined weight of ingredients which are capable to react with water of from 0.5:1 to 10:1, preferably 1:1 to 4:1 and wherein the amount of dispersible organic polymer (iii) in relation to (i) is such as to give a ratio of combined weight of polymers to combined weight of ingredients which are capable to react with water of from 0.5:1 to 10:1, preferably 1:1 to 4:1.
Abstract:
A fluidising admixture for use with sprayable cementitious compostions, the admixture consists of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and at least one selected polymer derived from ethylenically-unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids. Citric acid may optionally be present. The admixture has good fluidising properties and outstanding shelf-life.
Abstract:
A composition for improving the properties of a cementitious composition comprises a fluid blend of at least one polyalkylene oxide, at least one aqueous paraffin emulsion, at least one siloxane and, if necessary for fluidity, water.
Abstract:
A process of providing a waterproof concrete structure comprising the steps of (a) providing a layer of a concrete composition on a support; (b) spraying on to this concrete composition a waterproofing layer; and (c) applying to the waterproofing layer a further layer of a concrete composition; characterized in that the waterproofing layer is provided by a composition which comprises an aqueous dispersion of coalescable particles of thermoplastic polymer. The method is useful in the waterproofing of tunnel linings.
Abstract:
A method for coating a substrate with a cementitious composition by spraying, comprising the addition to the initial cementitious mix one of a .beta.-naphthalene sulphonate-formaldehyde condensate and a water-soluble poly(alkylene oxide) of molecular weight from 100,000-8,000,000, the other being added at the spraying nozzle, there being additionally added at the nozzle (preferably as a single component with the other nozzle-added material) an accelerator selected from aluminium sulphate, aluminium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxysulphate. In a preferred embodiment, the material added at the nozzle also contains a superplasticiser.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a random styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer in free acid or salt form wherein the copolymer has the following types and numbers of monomer units ##STR1## in which M is selected from hydrogen, a cation and a residue of a hydrophobic polyalkylene glycol or polysiloxane, R is the residue of methylpoly(ethylene)glycol of molecular weight (weight-average) 900-2000, x=0.35-0.75 and y=0.25-0.65. These copolymers are particularly useful as superplasticizers in cementitious compositions such as concretes and mortars.
Abstract:
The fluidity characteristics of cementitious compositions may be rapidly altered by the addition thereto of an aqueous dispersion of at least one comb polymer which comprises carboxylic moieties. The invention works especially well when the polymer is combined with an accelerator which is at least one of aluminium hydroxide or aluminium hydroxysulphate.
Abstract:
A fluidizing admixture for use with sprayable cementitious compostions, the admixture consists of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and at least one selected polymer derived from ethylenically-unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids. Citric acid may optionally be present. The admixture has good fluidizing properties and outstanding shelf-life.
Abstract:
The present invention refers to a settable mixture comprising (i) a water absorbing composition and (ii) an aqueous emulsion of organic polymer or (iii) dispersible organic polymer, wherein the water absorbing composition (i) contains inorganic ingredients which are capable to react with water and the water absorbing composition (i) contains at least 13 weight % lime and at least 5 weight % of a cementitious composition of which components form ettringite during the absorption of water and wherein the amount of the aqueous emulsion of organic polymer (ii) in relation to (i) is such as to provide a ratio of combined weight of polymer solids to combined weight of ingredients which are capable to react with water of from 0.5:1 to 10:1, preferably 1:1 to 4:1 and wherein the amount of dispersible organic polymer (iii) in relation to (i) is such as to give a ratio of combined weight of polymers to combined weight of ingredients which are capable to react with water of from 0.5:1 to 10:1, preferably 1:1 to 4:1.
Abstract:
Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl,Hal is halogen,R.sub.2 is ##STR2## --SO.sub.2 C.sub.1-4 alkyl, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.8 R.sub.9 or --NHCOOR.sub.10,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy,R.sub.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl,R.sub.5 is hydrogen; C.sub.1-4 alkyl; cyclohexyl; cyclohexyl substituted by one to three C.sub.1-4 alkyl groups; phenyl or phenyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl and C.sub.1-4 alkoxy,R.sub.6 is hydrogen or hydroxy, with the proviso that R.sub.6 is hydrogen when R.sub.2 is --NHCOOR.sub.10,R.sub.7 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy,each of R.sub.8 and R.sub.9, independently, is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl, cyclohexyl; or phenyl or phenyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, sulfo and carboxy, with the proviso that not more than one of R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 is cyclohexyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl,R.sub.10 is C.sub.1-6 alkyl, the triazinylamino group is in the 4-position when R.sub.2 is --NHCOOR.sub.10 and otherwise is in the 4- or 5-position,m is 1 or 2,n is 0 or 1, andp is 0 or 1,and the molecule contains at least two sulpho groups, and mixtures of such compounds, which compounds are in free acid or salt form and are useful as reactive dyes for dyeing and printing hydroxy group-containing and nitrogen-containing organic substrates such as leather and textile materials consisting of or comprising natural or regenerated cellulose (for example, cotton, viscose and spun rayon) or natural or synthetic polyamides (for example, wool, silk and nylon. The obtained dyeings and prints have notable fastness to light, washing, water, sweat and milling. The combination dyeings obtained when used in combination with other sulfo group-containing reactive dyes are tone-in-tone, resist catalytic fading and exhibit good fastness to light and wet treatments.