公开(公告)号：US06436571B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09262977

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Susan Jean Launder ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

发明人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Susan Jean Launder ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

IPC分类号： H01M202

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) wars of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with, the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). Various embodiments comprehend a variety of bottom seal members (140, 142) between the bottom wall (37) and the electroactive anode material (20), typically in combination with a bottom slot (116) receiving the cathode assembly (26) adjacent an outer side wall (39) of the bottom closure member (30, 202).

公开(公告)号：US06210826B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09262982

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate air depolarized electrochemical cell (10). A grommet (18) closes the top of the cell (10). A seal (36) can extend upwardly into a slot (174) between the grommet (18) and a top closure member (177) such as at the top of a cathode can (28), or a separate top closure member (200). Cathode assembly (26) and separator (16) can extend into the slot (174). The seal is between the grommet (18) and cathode assembly (26), or between grommet (18) and separator (16). or both. The seal can extend upwardly into the slot (174) from an outer surface of the cathode assembly (26), can extend about respective upper edges of the cathode current collector (57), catalyst, and separator (16), and downwardly toward, preferably against or along the inner surface of, the separator (16). The top closure member (200) can be crimped against the grommet (18) at the slot (174), with the cathode assembly (26), and optionally the separator (16), in the slot (174) between the grommet (18) and the top closure (200), thus to provide a liquid-tight crimp seal. The top closure (200) can be crimped first against the grommet (18) at the slot (174), and further crimped against the grommet (18) at a second locus (178) displaced longitudinally from the first crimp. Composition of the seal comprises a microporous polymer (36), preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. Preferred embodiments comprise at least two, preferably at least three, layers of air permeable microporous sheet material, useful for diffusion of air therethrough to the cathode reaction surface (63). The layers are wrapped continuously and without intervening end, to form an outer surface of the cathode assembly (26). Another expression of the invention is a cathode assembly (26), or cathode-separator combination, for use in an elongate air depolarized cell (10). The air permeable sheet material (36), as wrapped about the tubular cathode assembly, is compressed so as to have a compressed thickness less than the uncompressed thickness. The invention still further comprehends an elongate air depolarized cell (10) comprising an anode, a cathode, or cathode-separator combination as described herein, and electrolyte.

公开(公告)号：US06296961B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09262976

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Robert Brian Loch ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

发明人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Robert Brian Loch ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

IPC分类号： H01M402

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： Cathode assembly precursor cathode assembly (26) and elongate air depolarized electrochemical cells (10) made therewith. Cathode assembly precursor comprises a closed-loop elongate cathode current collector (32), and perforations (56) from outer to inner surfaces, and catalystically active carbon extending into the perforations (56). The current collector (32) can be cylindrical and can be free from longitudinal jointing, or can have a longitudinal joint (54), preferably free from overlap of the side wall. The current collector (32) can comprise an imperforate edge region at the top (42) and/or bottom (44), left (48) and/or right (46) edge. The perforations (56) define an open traction of the wall, of about 45 to about 70 percent. Typical cathode assemblies (26) have air diffusion member (36) on the outer surface of the cathode assembly (26). Such air diffusion member (36) typically has thickness of about 0.0025 to 0.005 inch (about 0.06 to about 0.13 mm.), and comprises a reduced thickness endless wrap extending at least 1.5 times, preferably 2 times, or 3 times, about the current collector (32), discouraging transfer of moisture vapor into or out of a cell, discouraging leakage, and controlling air diffusion rate. The diffusion member (36) extends beyond the top edge (42) of the current collector, and is folded in and down about the top edge (42) and inner surface (60) of the cathode assembly (26). The cathode current collector (32) can be mounted on a mandrel (93), the carbon sheet (80) passing through a nip defined between (i) support structure (192) having greater arc radius than the mandrel (93) and (ii) the mandrel (93), and applying force at the nip to consolidate the carbon (80) onto the side wall (58), passing air diffusion material (36) through the nip, and applying force to consolidate the air diffusion material (36) onto the carbon (80). The invention contemplates fabricating an air cathode assembly (26) comprising mounting the current collector (32) on a mandrel (93), defining an arc having a radius smaller than the arc of the cathode current collector (32), mounting the combination mandrel (93) and cathode current collector (32) in a stack (90) of assembly rolls (90A, 90B, 90C, 90D), making a sheet stack of carbon sheets (80s, 80B, 80C, 80D), passing the sheet stack through a nip, and applying force to the stack, reducing thickness of the stack, and passing air diffusion material (36) through the nips and applying force to consolidate the diffusion material (36) onto the carbon (80).

公开(公告)号：US06461761B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

申请号：US09263512

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Andrew Ward

发明人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Andrew Ward

IPC分类号： H01M206

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). An embodiment may provide a stop ledge (106) in grommet (18j) facing a stop groove (102) in a cathode can (28). The cathode assembly (26) can extend into a slot (174) at an outer edge of the grommet (18). A top grommet (204) can have an upwardly extending leg (210A) overlain by a top closure member (206). The air diffusion member (36) may control the rate of entry of air to the reaction surface, depending on density of the air diffusion member (36), whereby the air diffusion member (36) controls the limiting current of the cell (10). The air cell (10) can be free from adhesive bonding the separator (16) to the cathode assembly (26). The bottom of the cathode current collector (32) may be in a bottom slot (116), in a path of flow of current between a reaction surface and a positive electrode terminal (30). A method of fabricating cells can including crimping a top washer (206) and an outer leg (2100) of a top grommet (18) at the same time, including closing a slot 211).

公开(公告)号：US06197445B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09263122

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman

发明人： Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). Various embodiments comprehend crimping the outer side wall against the cathode assembly and thereby developing a crimping bias in the outer side wall which holds the cathode assembly in the slot, by friction, between the outer and inner side walls.

摘要翻译： 一种细长的，通常为管状的空气去极化电化学电池（10），包括阴极（14），包括空气阴极组件（26），围绕电池（10）的管状周边延伸，并且沿着管状长度延伸，阳极 （12），阳极（12）和阴极（14）之间的隔板（16），电解质，顶部封闭构件（177,200）和底部闭合构件（114,202）。 阴极组件（26）通过摩擦配合固定地保持在电池底部的槽（116）中。 狭槽可以例如通过阴极罐（28）的内部（110）和外部（114）壁，底部封闭构件（202）的内部（226）和外部（224）壁，或者通过 阴极罐（28）的外壁（114）和电池内部的插塞（128）的相对的外壁。 优选地，电池（10）的底部闭合结构并且接收阴极集电器（32）的底部边缘部分（44），并且优选地在内表面（60）处与底部边缘部分（44）电接触， 的阴极集电器。 优选地，阴极组件（26）的扩散构件（36）作为密封件被压缩在电池（10）的底部，在电池的外侧壁（39）和阴极组件（26）的其余部分之间 ）。 扩散构件（36）至少还用作辅助密封电池（10）以抵抗来自阳极腔（137）的电解液泄漏并经过阴极组件（26）。 各种实施例包括将外侧壁压接在阴极组件上，从而在外侧壁上形成卷边偏压，该外侧壁通过摩擦在外侧壁和内侧壁之间将阴极组件保持在槽中。

公开(公告)号：US06261709B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-17

申请号：US09108922

申请日：1998-07-01

申请人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

发明人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

IPC分类号： H01M1206

CPC分类号： H01M12/06 ,  H01M2/023 ,  H01M2/18 ,  H01M4/96

摘要： This invention teaches an elongate air depolarized electrochemical cell. The cell has a cathode, including an air cathode assembly, and a separator disposed inwardly of the air cathode assembly. A bottom member defines a bottom of the cell. An anode cavity, defined inwardly of the separator and the bottom member, receives a mass of electroactive anode material. An elongate hollow tube anode current collector is in electroactive contact with the mass of electroactive anode material. The anode current collector preferably has an enlarged cross-section such that the average distance between the anode current collector and the separator is reduced, thereby to reduce the overall mass of electroactive anode material used in the cell.

摘要翻译： 本发明教导了一种细长的空气去极化电化学电池。 电池具有阴极，包括空气阴极组件和设置在空气阴极组件内部的隔板。 底部构件定义单元的底部。 定义在分离器和底部构件内部的阳极腔容纳大量电活性阳极材料。 细长的中空管阳极集电器与电活性阳极材料的电活动接触。 阳极集流体优选地具有放大的横截面，使得阳极集电器和隔板之间的平均距离减小，从而减小电池中使用的电活性阳极材料的总质量。

公开(公告)号：US5932367A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-03

申请号：US854852

申请日：1997-05-12

申请人： Randall L. Collien ,  Patrick J. Spellman ,  Robert B. Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  John David Burns ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael J. Root

发明人： Randall L. Collien ,  Patrick J. Spellman ,  Robert B. Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  John David Burns ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael J. Root

IPC分类号： H01M2/02 ,  H01M4/06 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M4/06 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2/0222 ,  H01M2/0257 ,  H01M2/027 ,  H01M2/0272 ,  H01M2/0275 ,  H01M4/244 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M2300/0085

摘要： This invention pertains to novel electrochemical metal air cells having improved closed circuit voltage characteristics. The improved voltage characteristics are illustrated at a constant load of 51 ohms. The closed circuit voltage during an initial placement into use of the cell of the invention has a decreased voltage drop relative to prior art cells, and recovers to a higher voltage. For example, the closed circuit voltage of the metal air cell drops to a minimum voltage during the first 20 seconds of initial placement into use. The minimum voltage is no more than 22% less than the initial open circuit voltage. This voltage drop is less than the voltage drop of other known metal air cells at 51 ohms. Metal air cells of the invention recover, during the first minute of use, to a closed circuit voltage of at least 79% of the initial open circuit voltage. The value of the open circuit voltage of the metal air cell of the invention is preferably about 1.43 volt.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有改善的闭路电压特性的新型电化学金属气泡。 改进的电压特性在51欧姆的恒定负载下示出。 在使用本发明的电池的初始放置期间的闭路电压相对于现有技术的电池具有降低的电压降，并且恢复到更高的电压。 例如，金属空气电池的闭路电压在初始放置使用的前20秒内降至最低电压。 最小电压不低于初始开路电压的22％。 该电压降小于其他已知金属空气电池在51欧姆时的电压降。 本发明的金属空气电池在使用的第一分钟期间恢复到初始开路电压的至少79％的闭路电压。 本发明的金属空气电池的开路电压的值优选为1.43伏左右。

公开(公告)号：US06368738B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-09

申请号：US09148301

申请日：1998-09-04

申请人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy

发明人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy

IPC分类号： H01M1206

CPC分类号： H01M4/68 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M12/06

摘要： An air depolarized cell comprises an anode, a cathode, including an air cathode assembly openly exposed to the ambient environment and/or defining at least a portion of the outer surface of the cell. The cell can comprise a bottom member defining a bottom of the cell, and a top member defining a top of the cell, the air cathode assembly extending between the bottom member and the top member as the exposed or outer portion of the cell. An anode cavity can be disposed inwardly of the separator and upwardly of the bottom member, and contain a mass of electroactive anode material. An elongate anode current collector preferably extends into the anode material. The top member can comprise a top contour washer having inner and outer downwardly depending legs receiving an upper edge portion of the cathode assembly in a slot therebetween, and an insulating grommet in the slot, electrically insulating the cathode assembly from the top contour washer and sealing against liquid leakage out of the cell through the slot.

摘要翻译： 空气去极化电池包括阳极，阴极，包括露天暴露于周围环境的空气阴极组件和/或限定电池外表面的至少一部分。 电池可以包括限定电池底部的底部构件和限定电池顶部的顶部构件，空气阴极组件在电池的暴露或外部部分之间在底部构件和顶部构件之间延伸。 阳极腔可以设置在分离器的内部并且位于底部构件的上方，并且包含大量的电活性阳极材料。 细长的阳极集电器优选地延伸到阳极材料中。 顶部构件可以包括顶部轮廓垫圈，其具有内部和外部向下悬置的腿，其接收阴极组件的在其间的狭槽中的上边缘部分，并且在槽中的绝缘护环，将阴极组件与顶部轮廓垫圈电绝缘和密封 防止液体通过槽泄漏出电池。

公开(公告)号：US5721065A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-24

申请号：US543327

申请日：1995-10-16

申请人： Randall L. Collien ,  Patrick J. Spellman ,  Robert B. Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  John David Burns ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Joseph Root

发明人： Randall L. Collien ,  Patrick J. Spellman ,  Robert B. Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  John David Burns ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Joseph Root

IPC分类号： H01M2/02 ,  H01M4/06 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H02M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M4/06 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2/0222 ,  H01M2/0257 ,  H01M2/027 ,  H01M2/0272 ,  H01M2/0275 ,  H01M4/244 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M2300/0085

摘要： This invention pertains to novel alkaline electrochemical cells having high drain capacities, especially cells having high drain rate capabilities at voltages of at least 1.1 volts for use in small appliances such as hearing aids. The anode includes anode material in the cells including potassium hydroxide, zinc powder, 0.02% to 0.5% indium as indium compound separate from the zinc powder, optionally a low level of mercury, and preferably a surfactant comprising hydroxyethylcellulose. The cathode provides sufficient oxidative capability to oxidize the zinc at a sufficient rate to support the electrical drain demands on the cell. A cathode, in a preferred zinc air cell for a hearing aid, includes at least 5 air ports, evenly distributed over the surface of the bottom of the cathode can. Cells of the invention exhibit prolonged operation at relatively constant voltage over 1.1 volts, and relatively constant power output at a power density of at least about 210 milliwatts per square inch of the reaction surface area of the cathode assembly, for periods significantly longer than conventional cells.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有高排水能力的新型碱性电化学电池，特别是在至少1.1V的电压下具有高排出率能力的电池，用于诸如助听器的小型电器中。 阳极包括电池中的阳极材料，包括氢氧化钾，锌粉，与锌粉分离的铟化合物的0.02％至0.5％的铟，任选的低水平的汞，优选含有羟乙基纤维素的表面活性剂。 阴极提供足够的氧化能力以足够的速率氧化锌，以支持电池的电力消耗。 在用于助听器的优选锌空气电池中的阴极包括至少5个空气端口，均匀分布在阴极罐底部的表面上。 本发明的电池在相对恒定的电压超过1.1伏特的情况下表现出长时间的操作，并且在功率密度为阴极组件的反应表面积的至少约210毫瓦的功率密度下相对恒定的功率输出，显着长于常规电池 。

公开(公告)号：US6087030A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-11

申请号：US28294

申请日：1998-02-24

申请人： Randall L. Collien ,  Patrick J. Spellman ,  Robert B. Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  John David Burns ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Joseph Root

发明人： Randall L. Collien ,  Patrick J. Spellman ,  Robert B. Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  John David Burns ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Joseph Root

IPC分类号： H01M2/02 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M2/0257 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2/0222 ,  H01M2/027 ,  H01M2/0272 ,  H01M2/0275 ,  H01M4/244 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M2300/0085

摘要： This invention pertains to novel alkaline electrochemical cells having high drain capacities, especially cells having high drain rate capabilities at voltages of at least 1.1 volts for use in small appliances such as hearing aids. The anode includes anode material in the cells including potassium hydroxide, zinc powder, 0.02% to 0.5% of a reaction rate enabling compound selected from a compound of indium, cadmium, gallium, thallium, germanium, tin, or lead, with indium compounds being preferred. The anode material optionally further includes a low level of mercury, and preferably a surfactant comprising hydroxyethylcellulose. The cathode provides sufficient oxidative capability to oxidize the zinc at a sufficient rate to support the electrical drain demands on the cell. A cathode, in a preferred zinc air cell for a hearing aid, includes at least 5 air ports, evenly distributed over the surface of the bottom of the cathode can. Cells of the invention exhibit prolonged operation at relatively constant voltage over 1.1 volts, and relatively constant power output at a power density of at least about 210 milliwatts per square inch of the reaction surface area of the cathode assembly, for periods significantly longer than conventional cells of the same type.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有高排水能力的新型碱性电化学电池，特别是在至少1.1V的电压下具有高排出率能力的电池，用于诸如助听器的小型电器中。 所述阳极包括在所述电池中的阳极材料，包括氢氧化钾，锌粉，使所述化合物选自铟，镉，镓，铊，锗，锡或铅的化合物的反应速率的0.02％至0.5％，铟化合物为 首选。 阳极材料任选地还包括低水平的汞，优选包含羟乙基纤维素的表面活性剂。 阴极提供足够的氧化能力以足够的速率氧化锌，以支持电池的电力消耗。 在用于助听器的优选锌空气电池中的阴极包括至少5个空气端口，均匀分布在阴极罐底部的表面上。 本发明的电池在相对恒定的电压超过1.1伏特的情况下表现出长时间的操作，并且在功率密度为阴极组件的反应表面积的至少约210毫瓦的功率密度下相对恒定的功率输出，显着长于常规电池 的相同类型。