摘要:
When towing large aircraft with a tractor damage may at high speeds inadvertently be done to the nose wheel gears of the aircraft if the pilots of the aircraft apply the brakes. This can be avoided by automatic control whereby the transmitted force is sensed and the power and braking of the tractor is controlled on the basis of said sensing. By tractors of that kind it is difficult to sense the transmitted power directly. Instead, according to the invention, the acceleration of the tractor and the supplied power of the tractor are sensed. On the basis thereof it is possible to calculate the transmitted force and to drive accordingly.
摘要:
An apparatus for braking a train of vehicles whereby a differentiated braking of the wheels is carried out by servo-mechanical means in such a manner that the rear wheels are the only ones activated directly by the driver during braking. The wheels of the immediately preceding vehicle are then activated in response to drawbar tension forces, and this applies all the way to the first of the train of vehicles. Thereby it is ensured that during braking a tension force is exerted throughout the whole of the train of vehicles, and in this way skidding and jackknifing or fishtailing of the train essentially can be prevented or avoided.
摘要:
A sensing element in the towbar of an aircraft towing tractor continuously measures the traction and pressure forces transmitted between the tractor and the aircraft. An automatic control unit uses the measured values to adjust the traction-effect of the tractor, and/or the braking of the aircraft -- either singly or in combination -- to keep the towbar forces within a predetermined permissible interval. In one operating mode, braking signals generated by the tractor operator actuate the aircraft brakes directly, the tractor brakes being applied by the automatic control unit only if the towbar traction force exceeds the permitted limits. For additional safety, a separate force sensor may actuate an emergency release system to separate the aircraft from the tractor in response to towbar forces outside a predetermined range. For additional safety, a separate force sensor may actuate an emergency release system to separate the aircraft from the tow bar, in response to towbar forces outside a predetermined tolerance range.