公开(公告)号：US5864714A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-26

申请号：US632931

申请日：1996-04-16

申请人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

发明人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  H04L13/08 ,  H04L29/10 ,  H04M11/00 ,  H04M11/06

CPC分类号： H04M11/06 ,  H04L7/005

摘要： An apparatus for and method of implementing a novel buffer ba full duplex communication system is disclosed. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in native sign processing systems wherein heavy contention of processor resources typically exist, such as in systems running multi-tasking operating systems. The communication system of the present invention includes a receiver, transmitter, echo canceler. CODEC and telephone hybrid. The major components of the system operate on a buffer of input samples consisting of a set of input bits. The communication system operates to generate a buffer of output samples consisting of a set of output bits. The invention utilizes a novel buffer switching mechanism to optimize the tradeoff between processing response time, on one hand, and robustness to interrupt latency and processor implementation on the other hand. The internal processing of the modem works on a buffer full of samples once every time slice thus reducing the probability of a buffer underrun/overrun error occurring. The reduction in probability of data underrun/overrun is achieved by increasing the buffer size, thus giving the operating system greater leeway in choosing the exact time the signal processing functions are run. Small buffers, however, provide the communication system with short and accurate response time. These contradicting motives lead to the novel switchable size buffer scheme of the present invention. This is achieved without a loss of signal coherency.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种实现新型缓冲器全双工通信系统的方法和方法。 所公开的发明在诸如在运行多任务操作系统的系统中通常存在大量竞争的处理器资源的本征符号处理系统中特别有用。 本发明的通信系统包括接收机，发射机，回波消除器。 CODEC和电话混合。 系统的主要组件在由一组输入位组成的输入采样的缓冲器上操作。 通信系统用于产生由一组输出位组成的输出采样的缓冲器。 本发明利用新颖的缓冲器切换机制来优化处理响应时间，另一方面优化中断延迟和处理器实现的鲁棒性之间的权衡。 调制解调器的内部处理工作在每次采样一次的样本缓冲区中，从而降低缓冲区欠载/超限错误发生的可能性。 通过增加缓冲区大小来实现数据欠载/超载的概率的降低，从而使操作系统在选择信号处理功能的精确时间方面具有更大的余地。 然而，小缓冲器为通信系统提供了短且准确的响应时间。 这些矛盾的动机导致本发明的新颖的可切换尺寸的缓冲方案。 这是在不损失信号一致性的情况下实现的。

公开(公告)号：US5892980A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

申请号：US808071

申请日：1997-02-28

申请人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

发明人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  H04L5/14 ,  H04L13/08 ,  G06F13/14 ,  G06F13/20

CPC分类号： H04L5/14

摘要： An apparatus for and method of implementing a novel buffer based fall duplex communication system is disclosed. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in native signal processing systems wherein heavy contention of processor resources typically exist, such as in systems running multi-tasking operating systems. The communication system of the present invention includes a receiver, transmitter, CODEC and telephone hybrid. The major components of the system operate on a buffer of input samples consisting of a set of input bits. The communication system operates to generate a buffer of output samples consisting of a set of output bits. The invention utilizes a novel dynamic buffer size mechanism to optimize the tradeoff between buffer delay and processing time period, on one hand, and robustness to interrupt latency and processor availability on the other hand. Small buffers provide the communication system with short, accurate response times in addition to short processing times. Using a large buffer of spare or dummy samples to be transmitted while the CPU is unavailable reduces the probability of a buffer underrun, thus giving the operating system greater leeway in deciding the exact time the signal processing functions in the modem routine are run. In this manner latency time is held to a minimum and data is not lost or corrupted. The concept of using dummy bits or silence for the generation of spare samples enables the elimination of additional latency caused by the spare samples by overriding them if they are not transmitted. This is achieved without a loss of signal coherency.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种实现基于新型缓冲器的秋季双工通信系统的方法和方法。 所公开的发明特别适用于其中通常存在大量竞争的处理器资源的本机信号处理系统，例如在运行多任务操作系统的系统中。 本发明的通信系统包括接收机，发射机，CODEC和电话混合。 系统的主要组件在由一组输入位组成的输入采样的缓冲器上操作。 通信系统用于产生由一组输出位组成的输出采样的缓冲器。 本发明一方面利用了一种新颖的动态缓冲大小机制来优化缓冲延迟与处理时间之间的权衡，另一方面优化了中断延迟和处理器可用性的鲁棒性。 小型缓冲器为通信系统提供了短时间，准确的响应时间以及短的处理时间。 在CPU不可用的情况下使用大量的备用或虚拟样本缓冲区可以减少缓冲区欠载的可能性，从而使操作系统在决定调制解调器例程中的信号处理功能运行的确切时间方面有更大的余地。 以这种方式将延迟时间保持在最低限度，数据不会丢失或损坏。 使用虚拟位或静音来生成备用样本的概念使得能够通过在备用样本未被传输时重写备用样本来消除额外的等待时间。 这是在不损失信号一致性的情况下实现的。

公开(公告)号：USRE40497E1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-09

申请号：US09771010

申请日：2001-01-26

申请人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

发明人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

IPC分类号： G06F13/14

CPC分类号： H04M11/06 ,  H04L7/005

摘要： An apparatus for and method of implementing a novel buffer ba full duplex communication system is disclosed. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in native sign processing systems wherein heavy contention of processor resources typically exist, such as in systems running multi-tasking operating systems. The communication system of the present invention includes a receiver, transmitter, echo canceler. CODEC and telephone hybrid. The major components of the system operate on a buffer of input samples consisting of a set of input bits. The communications system operates to generate a buffer of output samples consisting of a set of output bits. The invention utilizes a novel buffer switching mechanism to optimize the tradeoff between processing response time, on one hand, and robustness to interrupt latency and processor implementation on the other hand. The internal processing of the modem works on a buffer full of samples once every time slice thus reducing the probability of a buffer underrun/overrun error occurring. The reduction in probability of data underrun/overrun is achieved by increasing the buffer size, thus giving the operating system greater leeway in choosing the exact time the signal processing functions are run. Small buffers, however, provide the communication system with short and accurate response time. These contradicting motives lead to the novel switchable size buffer scheme of the present invention. This is achieved without a loss of signal coherency.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种实现新型缓冲器全双工通信系统的方法和方法。 所公开的发明在诸如在运行多任务操作系统的系统中通常存在大量竞争的处理器资源的本征符号处理系统中特别有用。 本发明的通信系统包括接收机，发射机，回波消除器。 CODEC和电话混合。 系统的主要组件在由一组输入位组成的输入采样的缓冲器上操作。 通信系统用于产生由一组输出位组成的输出采样的缓冲器。 本发明利用新颖的缓冲器切换机制来优化处理响应时间，另一方面优化中断延迟和处理器实现的鲁棒性之间的权衡。 调制解调器的内部处理工作在每次采样一次的样本缓冲区中，从而降低缓冲区欠载/超限错误发生的可能性。 通过增加缓冲区大小来实现数据欠载/超载的概率的降低，从而使操作系统在选择信号处理功能的精确时间方面具有更大的余地。 然而，小缓冲器为通信系统提供了短且准确的响应时间。 这些矛盾的动机导致本发明的新颖的可切换尺寸的缓冲方案。 这是在不损失信号一致性的情况下实现的。

公开(公告)号：US6108720A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US163054

申请日：1998-09-29

申请人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

发明人： Nir Tal ,  Ron Cohen ,  Zeev Collin

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  H04L13/08 ,  H04L29/10 ,  H04M11/00 ,  H04M11/06 ,  H04B1/38 ,  H04B1/44 ,  H04L5/16 ,  H04M1/00

CPC分类号： H04M11/06 ,  H04L7/005

摘要： An apparatus for and method of implementing a novel buffer based full duplex communication system is disclosed. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in native signal processing systems wherein heavy contention of processor resources typically exist, such as in systems running multi-tasking operating systems. The communication system of the present invention includes a receiver, transmitter, echo canceler, CODEC and telephone hybrid. The major components of the system operate on a buffer of input samples consisting of a set of input bits. The communication system operates to generate a buffer of output samples consisting of a set of output bits. The invention utilizes a novel buffer switching mechanism to optimize the tradeoff between processing response time, on one hand, and robustness to interrupt latency and processor implementation on the other hand. The internal processing of the modem works on a buffer full of samples once every time slice thus reducing the probability of a buffer underrun/overrun error occurring. The reduction in probability of data underrun/overrun is achieved by increasing the buffer size, thus giving the operating system greater leeway in choosing the exact time the signal processing functions are run. Small buffers, however, provide the communication system with short and accurate response time. These contradicting motives lead to the novel switchable size buffer scheme of the present invention. This is achieved without a loss of signal coherency.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种实现基于新型缓冲器的全双工通信系统的装置和方法。 所公开的发明特别适用于其中通常存在大量竞争的处理器资源的本机信号处理系统，例如在运行多任务操作系统的系统中。 本发明的通信系统包括接收机，发射机，回波消除器，CODEC和电话混合。 系统的主要组件在由一组输入位组成的输入采样的缓冲器上操作。 通信系统用于产生由一组输出位组成的输出采样的缓冲器。 本发明利用新颖的缓冲器切换机制来优化处理响应时间，另一方面优化中断延迟和处理器实现的鲁棒性之间的权衡。 调制解调器的内部处理工作在每次采样一次的样本缓冲区中，从而降低缓冲区欠载/超限错误发生的可能性。 通过增加缓冲区大小来实现数据欠载/超载的概率的降低，从而使操作系统在选择信号处理功能的精确时间方面具有更大的余地。 然而，小缓冲器为通信系统提供了短且准确的响应时间。 这些矛盾的动机导致本发明的新颖的可切换尺寸的缓冲方案。 这是在不损失信号一致性的情况下实现的。

公开(公告)号：US06400782B2

公开(公告)日：2002-06-04

申请号：US09758536

申请日：2001-01-10

申请人： Nir Tal ,  Nir Shapira ,  Ron Cohen

发明人： Nir Tal ,  Nir Shapira ,  Ron Cohen

IPC分类号： H04B110

CPC分类号： G06F17/10

摘要： The present invention discloses a novel scheme of performing frequency domain filtering that does not require a Hilbert transform and which is faster than equivalent FIR filtering schemes. Such a scheme has applications in implementing filters in voice band modems on OSP platforms and in numerous other applications as well. The scheme of the present invention is shown to be superior in term of CPU resource consumption and memory storage space when compared with an equivalent implementation using prior art time domain convolution techniques. The scheme of the present invention permits the delay buffer in the far end echo canceler to store the signal in real format rather than complex format, thus reducing memory requirements by half. The present invention implements a real to analytic fast convolution in the frequency domain which uses zero CPU resources.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种执行不需要希尔伯特变换并且比等效的FIR滤波方案更快的频域滤波的新颖方案。 这种方案在OSP平台和许多其他应用中也可以应用于语音频带调制解调器中的滤波器。 与使用现有技术的时域卷积技术的等效实现相比，本发明的方案在CPU资源消耗和存储器存储空间方面被证明是优越的。 本发明的方案允许远端回波消除器中的延迟缓冲器以实际格式而不是复杂格式存储信号，从而将存储器需求减少一半。 本发明实现了使用零CPU资源的频域中的真实分析快速卷积。

公开(公告)号：US5909384A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-01

申请号：US726187

申请日：1996-10-04

申请人： Nir Tal ,  Nir Shapira ,  Ron Cohen

发明人： Nir Tal ,  Nir Shapira ,  Ron Cohen

IPC分类号： H03H21/00 ,  G06F17/10 ,  H04B3/23 ,  H04L25/03 ,  H04M9/08

CPC分类号： G06F17/10 ,  H04B3/23 ,  H04M9/082 ,  H04L2025/03585

摘要： A novel system by which the utilization of a central processing unit (CPU) in performing filtering operations can be reduced by shortening the filter's length thus degrading the performance of the system down to a predetermined level or threshold. The present invention is applicable to such systems that incorporate filters whereby shortening their length decreases the performance of the system and to such systems where a reliable quality criteria exists that can be measured during run time. A method iteratively minimizes the filter's length so that the quality criteria does not fall below a predetemined threshold level. In addition, a signal to noise ratio (SN) criteria is suggested for estimating the quality of the reception of communication signals. An implementation is suggested for the method in the particular case of an echo cancellation adaptive filter. In addition, a method for determining an immediate approximation of the echo canceler filter's length as opposed to finding it iteratively.

摘要翻译： 可以通过缩短过滤器的长度，从而降低系统的性能降到预定的水平或阈值，从而可以减少利用中央处理单元（CPU）进行滤波操作的新型系统。 本发明可应用于包括过滤器的这种系统，由此缩短其长度降低了系统的性能以及存在可在运行时间期间测量的可靠质量标准的系统。 一种方法迭代地最小化过滤器的长度，使得质量标准不会低于预定阈值水平。 另外，建议信噪比（SN）准则用于估计通信信号的接收质量。 在回波消除自适应滤波器的特定情况下，建议用于该方法的实现。 另外，用于确定回波消除器滤波器的长度的立即近似的方法，而不是迭代地发现它。

公开(公告)号：US08551523B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

申请号：US13187158

申请日：2011-07-20

申请人： Andrew R. Blight ,  Ron Cohen

发明人： Andrew R. Blight ,  Ron Cohen

IPC分类号： A61K31/44 ,  A61K9/22

摘要： A pharmaceutical composition which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a aminopyridine dispersed in a release matrix, including, for example, a composition that can be formulated into a stable, sustained-release oral dosage formulation, such as a tablet which provides, upon administration to a patient, a therapeutically effective plasma level of the aminopyridine for a period of at least 12 hours, preferably 24 hours or more and the use of the composition to treat various neurological diseases.

公开(公告)号：US08440703B2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-14

申请号：US13299969

申请日：2011-11-18

申请人： Andrew R. Blight ,  Ron Cohen

发明人： Andrew R. Blight ,  Ron Cohen

IPC分类号： A61K31/44 ,  A61K9/22

CPC分类号： A61K31/4409 ,  A61K9/20 ,  A61K31/435 ,  A61K31/44

摘要： A pharmaceutical composition which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a aminopyridine dispersed in a release matrix, including, for example, a composition that can be formulated into a stable, sustained-release oral dosage formulation, such as a tablet which provides, upon administration to a patient, a therapeutically effective plasma level of the aminopyridine for a period of at about 12 hours and the use of the composition to treat various neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis. A method of selecting individuals based on responsiveness to a treatment, including, for example, identifying individuals who responded to treatment with a sustained release fampridine composition.

摘要翻译： 一种药物组合物，其包含分散在释放基质中的治疗有效量的氨基吡啶，包括例如可以配制成稳定的持续释放口服剂量制剂的组合物，例如在给药至 患者，氨基吡啶的治疗有效血浆水平约12小时，以及使用该组合物治疗各种神经疾病，包括多发性硬化。 基于对治疗的反应性来选择个体的方法，包括例如鉴定用持续释放的芬太尼组合物治疗反应的个体。

公开(公告)号：US20120064007A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-15

申请号：US13299969

申请日：2011-11-18

申请人： Andrew R. Blight ,  Lawrence Maranucci ,  Ron Cohen

发明人： Andrew R. Blight ,  Lawrence Maranucci ,  Ron Cohen

IPC分类号： A61K49/00 ,  A61P25/00 ,  A61K31/4409

CPC分类号： A61K31/4409 ,  A61K9/20 ,  A61K31/435 ,  A61K31/44

摘要： A pharmaceutical composition which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a aminopyridine dispersed in a release matrix, including, for example, a composition that can be formulated into a stable, sustained-release oral dosage formulation, such as a tablet which provides, upon administration to a patient, a therapeutically effective plasma level of the aminopyridine for a period of at about 12 hours and the use of the composition to treat various neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis. A method of selecting individuals based on responsiveness to a treatment, including, for example, identifying individuals who responded to treatment with a sustained release fampridine composition.

公开(公告)号：US20070104228A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-10

申请号：US11555283

申请日：2006-11-01

申请人： Ron Cohen ,  Bar Gal-On ,  Zohar Peleg ,  David Brief

发明人： Ron Cohen ,  Bar Gal-On ,  Zohar Peleg ,  David Brief

IPC分类号： H04J3/06

CPC分类号： H04J3/0691

摘要： A system and method for reconstructing a service clock between two, first and second subsystems communicating therebetween, comprising a first subsystem operative to generate first subsystem timestamps, a second subsystem operative to generate second subsystem timestamps at a second frequency different from the first timestamps, wherein the generations of both first and second timestamps are based on sampling of the service clock by a common clock available at both subsystems, and an aligner for arithmetically aligning the different first and second subsystem timestamps to reconstruct the service clock.

摘要翻译： 一种用于重建在其间通信的两个第一和第二子系统之间的服务时钟的系统和方法，包括：第一子系统，用于产生第一子系统时间戳;第二子系统，用于以不同于所述第一时间戳的第二频率生成第二子系统时间戳，其中 第一和第二时间戳的代都基于通过在两个子系统可用的公共时钟的服务时钟的采样，以及用于对不同的第一和第二子系统时间戳进行算术对准以重构服务时钟的对准器。