摘要:
An infrared gas analyzer is formed of a source of infrared rays for emitting infrared flux; an infrared flux interrupting device for chopping the emitted infrared flux from the source of the infrared rays; a condensing optical system for obtaining a predetermined solid angle in the emitted infrared flux to thereby form a condensed flux; and a multi-reflection cell disposed at an outlet of the condensing optical system, to which the condensed flux is supplied and a gas to be measured is fed. The multi-reflection cell has a multi-reflection optical system formed of a plurality of concave mirrors. The analyzer also includes an infrared level detector for detecting an amount of infrared rays with a wavelength band absorbed by a component gas to be analyzed and contained in the infrared rays emitted by the multi-reflection cell. At least the condensing optical system, multi-reflection cell and infrared level detector are accurately positioned by using as a reference a position of the condensing optical system at which the condensed flux is emitted, and are coupled tightly at coupling positions without an air-flowing layer. Accordingly, the infrared gas analyzer can be made small to detect and analyze a low density component gas and for an explosion-proof environment.
摘要:
A ceramic heating element includes a heat-generating portion 1 formed of a ceramic composite material with 3 to 40 vol. % of silicon carbide (SiC) whiskers and the balance substantially of molybdenum disilicide (MoSi.sub.2), and electrode portions 2a and 2b provided on both ends of the heat-generating portion 1.
摘要:
A ceramic heating element has been conventionally driven by direct-current voltage, but the direct-current voltage causes a problem in the heating element. Therefore, in a method of the present invention, an alternating current is supplied to the heating element by changing a direct current, so that deformation of the heating element can be prevented and reliability can be improved.
摘要:
In an infrared radiation source containing hot-pressed molybdenum disilicide reinforced with silicon carbide whiskers as the illuminant thereof, terminal portions of the illuminant having a protective dense silica film of 5 to 20 .mu.m in thickness formed on the surface thereof which portions are to be heated at a temperature of 400 to 800.degree. C. are either set to have a current density of at most 12 A/mm.sup.2 or disposed in dry air having a relative humidity at 25.degree. C. of at most 30% (absolute humidity: 0.00588). As a result, the low-temperature oxidation phenomenon that would otherwise be developed in the terminal portions of the illuminant is suppressed. Thus, there can be obtained an infrared radiation source containing an illuminant made of molybdenum disilicide reinforced with silicon carbide whiskers and having a long serviceable life span.
摘要:
A bidirectional wireless communication system includes: a first wireless communication apparatus for bidirectional communication configured to multiplex a modulated signal obtained by modulating an input signal by a reference carrier signal having a predetermined carrier frequency, and transmit a resultant transmission signal; and a second wireless communication apparatus, having an oscillator configured to oscillate a signal having a free-running oscillation frequency, configured to inject a reception signal received from the first wireless communication apparatus into the oscillator, receive the reception signal while variably controlling the free-running oscillation frequency of the oscillator of the second wireless communication apparatus, detect whether the free-running oscillation frequency of the signal of the oscillator of the second wireless communication apparatus has entered the frequency range up to the injection locking to be frequency-locked with a carrier frequency of the injected reception signal, and generate a communication enable signal.
摘要:
A method providing wireless communication between a first station and a second station. The method establishes at least one communication path between at least one pair of antennas including a first antenna of the first station and a second antenna of the second station, wherein at least one of the first and second antennas is a narrow beam antenna, selects at least one part of the bandwidth available on the communication path, and transmits data between the pair of antennas over the selected part of the bandwidth.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for transmitting signals in a wireless communication system, in which signals are transmitted from a first communication device to a second communication device, said signals being transmitted in consecutive frames, each frame having a preamble section comprising preamble information, at least one of said first and said second communication devices having a narrow beam antenna which is adapted to be steered to different positions, each of said different positions corresponding to one of a number of different transmission paths from said first to said second communication device, comprising the steps of transmitting and receiving a first preamble section comprising preamble information enabling the estimation of a channel quality of a current transmission path, while said narrow beam antenna is in a current position corresponding to said current transmission path, steering said narrow beam antenna from said current position to a different position corresponding to a candidate transmission path, and transmitting and receiving a second preamble section comprising preamble information enabling the estimation of a channel quality of said candidate transmission path while said narrow beam antenna is in said different position. The present invention further relates to a corresponding transmission device as well as a receiving device.
摘要:
Wireless communication systems are provided with an adaptive subcarrier loading function for a mobile receiver in a wireless communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) that can advantageously be applied to predict the channel transfer function of a multipath propagation channel being severely impaired by frequency-selective fading and an extremely time-variant behavior by detecting the position and/or movement of zero points of the transfer function, thereby reducing the probability of incorrect assignment of the modulation scheme for each subcarrier caused by mobile terminals moving at high velocity. The zero points of the estimated channel transfer function are determined by detecting the position of deep notches on the associated amplitude response of the measured channel transfer function caused by frequency-selective fading whose depths are larger than a predefined threshold.
摘要:
A demodulating apparatus that can reduce power consumption significantly compare to conventional cellular phones without the reception quality being degraded. Delay profile measuring is provided in which the delay profile (S41) of the baseband signal is measured while changing the measuring time for measuring the delay profile of the baseband signal, so that the measuring time can be held down to a minimum while avoiding the degradation of the reception power level. Therefore, power consumption can be significantly reduced compared to conventional cellular phones without reception quality being degraded.
摘要:
A method providing wireless communication between a first station and a second station. The method establishes at least one communication path between at least one pair of antennas including a first antenna of the first station and a second antenna of the second station, wherein at least one of the first and second antennas is a narrow beam antenna, selects at least one part of the bandwidth available on the communication path, and transmits data between the pair of antennas over the selected part of the bandwidth.