NON-WATER COOLED CONSUMABLE ELECTRODE VACUUM ARC FURNACE FOR CONTINUOUS PROCESS

    公开(公告)号:US20220236007A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-07-28

    申请号:US17617223

    申请日:2019-06-08

    Abstract: A consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace and, more particularly, a direct current consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace is provided, wherein no water cooling is needed to cool down typically neither the electrodes, nor any other parts of the furnace, and this includes the shell, the flanges ports and the electrical connections of the furnace. The present furnace uses non-metallic electrodes, such as graphite electrode, which are suitable for melting metals, smelting of metal ores, and metal oxide to elemental metal where the use of graphite electrodes is a common practice. The present furnace and electrode assemblies render possible to perform a true continuous process of melting and smelting under controlled pressure.

    PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS USING RECYCLED CO2 VIA COMBINED DRY AND STEAM REFORMING OF METHANE

    公开(公告)号:US20220212924A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-07-07

    申请号:US17607860

    申请日:2020-05-11

    Abstract: A process wherein CO2, methane, and steam react at high temperatures, for instance approximately 1600° C., to form a synthetic gas or syngas. This syngas can then be used in a methanol production plant. The carbon dioxide used to produce the syngas may also comprise recovered emissions from the production of methanol or urea, such that CO2 is recycled. The rich syngas is produced by the bi-reforming of methane, featuring a combination of dry reforming of methane and steam reforming of methane, via the reaction CO2+3CH4+2H2O→4CO+8H2, such that the H2:CO ratio is 2. A plasma reactor may be provided for the reaction. Excess heat from the syngas may be used for heating the water that is used as steam for the reaction.

    PLASMA PROCESS TO CONVERT SPENT POT LINING (SPL) TO INERT SLAG, ALUMINUM FLUORIDE AND ENERGY

    公开(公告)号:US20230138875A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-05-04

    申请号:US17913308

    申请日:2021-03-22

    Abstract: Apparatus for converting Spent Pot Lining (SPL) into inert slag, aluminum fluoride and energy includes a plasma arc furnace such that the destruction of SPL occurs therein. The furnace generates an electric arc within the waste, which arc travels from an anode to a cathode and destroys the waste due to the arc's extreme temperature, thereby converting a mineral fraction of SPL into vitrified inert slag lying within a crucible of the furnace. The furnace gasifies the carbon content of the SPL and produces a well-balanced syngas. The gasification takes place due to the controlled intake of air and steam into the furnace. The gasification reaction liberates significant amount of energy. Steam captures this excess energy, to provide part of the oxygen requirement for gasification and to contribute to raise the syngas H2 content. Steam also contributes to converting some SPL fluorides (NaF and Al2F3) into hydrogen fluoride. The plasma SPL processing system is compact (occupying less area than some competitive methods of SPL treatment), can be installed in close proximity to the aluminium plant (minimizing transportation of SPL and AlF3), and requires only electricity as its energy source and thus no fossil fuels.

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