公开(公告)号：US11453830B2

公开(公告)日：2022-09-27

申请号：US17297751

申请日：2019-11-28

Applicant: African Rainbow Minerals Limited

Inventor： André Wegner ,  Petrus Hendrik Ferreira Bouwer

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  B01J6/00 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10B53/00

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and a reactor for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock material. The method includes the steps of choke-feeding a carbonaceous feedstock material into a pyrolysis zone of the reactor to form a discharge bed; heating the discharge bed to initiate pyrolysis of the feedstock material to form a pyrolysis product; providing a lower lying upper oxidation zone; gasifying the pyrolysis product to form a bed of char; converting thermal energy into chemical energy in an upper reduction zone; providing a lower lying lower oxidation zone; collecting any metal slag and/or slag melts in the lower oxidation zone; and discharging hot reducing gases having a temperature of at least 1300° C. and a CO/CO2 ratio of ≥5, more preferably ≥15.

公开(公告)号：US20220145202A1

公开(公告)日：2022-05-12

申请号：US17476923

申请日：2021-09-16

Applicant: Ecogensus LLC

Inventor： Bjornulf Ostvik ,  Michael D. Lukas

IPC: C10L5/46 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C10L5/06 ,  C10L5/48 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10L9/08 ,  B01J19/20 ,  B01J8/10 ,  C10B7/10

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a processing that includes a first shell and a second shell disposed within the first shell. The second shell includes a first end, a second end, and a wall extending between the first end and the second end. The second shell also defines a cavity and a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end. A cross section of the second shell transverse to the longitudinal axis includes a first arcuate inner wall portion having a first radius of curvature and a second arcuate inner wall portion having a second radius of curvature. The first radius of curvature is larger than the second radius of curvature.

公开(公告)号：US20220112436A1

公开(公告)日：2022-04-14

申请号：US17560199

申请日：2021-12-22

Applicant: ARIES CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES LLC

Inventor： Renus Kelfkens ,  Matthew Newman

IPC: C10J3/42 ,  B01J6/00 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/26

Abstract: A method and system for continuous production of contaminant free and size specific biochar using downdraft gasification of variable quality feedstock. The system and process of the present invention includes the transfer of biochar from a gasifier after gasification to a temperature-controlled cooling screw conveyor, into a drum magnet for ferrous metal removal into multiple diverters to separate and remove ungasified materials and non-ferrous metal contaminants, then transferred into a granulator for grinding and screening the biochar to a pre-selected size. By directly attaching a novel and continuous product treatment process to the biochar stream as it exits the gasifier, the particle size, moisture content, carbon content and yield of a contaminant free biochar product can be narrowly controlled and improved to meet strict product quality specifications required by specialty applications.

公开(公告)号：US20190185770A1

公开(公告)日：2019-06-20

申请号：US16228702

申请日：2018-12-20

Applicant: Cogent Energy Systems, Inc.

Inventor： Peter Chuen Sun Kong

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/48 ,  H05H1/48

CPC classification number: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  H05H1/48

Abstract: A hybrid plasma reactor system that uses multiple sets of long electrodes that are placed longitudinally opposite each other within modular plasma units. The plasma units can be stacked to form an elongated plasma zone. The electrode assemblies extend into access ports. Each of the electrode assemblies has an electrode tip mounted in a tubular support jacket. A gas conduit for a supplied working gas surrounds at least a portion of the tubular support jacket. An arc is created at the electrode tip. A working gas flows through the gas conduit and is directed into the arc, therein creating plasma within the internal plasma zone.

公开(公告)号：US09644152B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-09

申请号：US14486021

申请日：2014-09-15

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Andries Quirin Maria Boon ,  Joseph Broun Powell ,  Lamar Lane Joffrion ,  Kimberly Ann Johnson ,  Hubert Willem Schenck

IPC: C10G1/06 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C01B3/16

CPC classification number: C10G1/06 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/046 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  C01B2210/0009 ,  C01B2210/001 ,  C01B2210/0014 ,  C01B2210/0025 ,  C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C10G1/083 ,  C10G3/42 ,  C10G3/52 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/301 ,  C10G2300/302 ,  C10G2300/42 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2290/02 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: A bottom fraction of a product of a hydrocatalytic reaction is gasified to generate hydrogen for use in further hydrocatalytic reactions. In one embodiment, an overhead fraction of the hydrocatalytic reaction is further processed to generate higher molecular weight compounds. In another embodiment, a product of the further processing is separated into a bottom fraction and an overhead fraction, where the bottom fraction is also gasified to generate hydrogen for use in further hydrocatalytic reactions.

公开(公告)号：US20170058220A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-02

申请号：US15248357

申请日：2016-08-26

Applicant: Cogent Energy Systems, Inc.

Inventor： Peter Chuen Sun Kong

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/74

CPC classification number: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  H05H1/26

Abstract: A hybrid plasma reactor system that uses multiple sets of long electrodes that are placed longitudinally opposite each other within modular plasma units. The plasma units can be stacked to form an elongated plasma zone. The electrode assemblies extend into access ports. Each of the electrode assemblies has an electrode tip mounted in a tubular support jacket. A gas conduit for a supplied working gas surrounds at least a portion of the tubular support jacket. An arc is created at the electrode tip. A working gas flows through the gas conduit and is directed into the arc, therein creating plasma within the internal plasma zone.

Abstract translation: 一种混合等离子体反应器系统，其使用在组合式等离子体单元内纵向相对放置的多组长电极。 等离子体单元可以堆叠形成细长的等离子体区。 电极组件延伸到进入端口。 每个电极组件具有安装在管状支撑套中的电极头。 用于供应的工作气体的气体导管围绕管状支撑套管的至少一部分。 在电极尖端产生电弧。 工作气体流过气体管道并被引导到其中的电弧中，在内部等离子体区域内产生等离子体。

公开(公告)号：US09481839B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-01

申请号：US14421042

申请日：2013-11-26

Applicant: EAST CHINA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Qinghua Guo ,  Tao Wang ,  Zhenghua Dai ,  Guangsuo Yu ,  Xin Gong ,  Fuchen Wang ,  Haifeng Liu ,  Yifei Wang ,  William J. Mahoney ,  Sabuj Halder ,  Yi Ma ,  Jie Zhang ,  Zhijie Zhou ,  Robert J. Churpita ,  Christopher Herby ,  William Jeffrey Wilson ,  Zhuoyong Yan

IPC: F23L7/00 ,  F23N5/00 ,  F23C7/00 ,  F23D11/44 ,  C10J3/80 ,  C10J3/76 ,  F23R3/36 ,  C10J3/74 ,  F23D17/00 ,  C10J3/72 ,  F23R3/28 ,  F23N1/00 ,  C10J3/50 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/32 ,  F23D14/52 ,  F23D14/78 ,  B05B1/00 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01C1/02 ,  C07C29/04 ,  F01K23/10 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F23D14/66 ,  C01B3/36

CPC classification number: C10J3/80 ,  B05B1/005 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/061 ,  C01B2203/068 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C01C1/02 ,  C07C29/04 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1253 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1668 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  F01K23/10 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F05D2220/32 ,  F05D2220/722 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/32 ,  F23D14/52 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23D14/78 ,  F23D17/00 ,  F23N1/002 ,  F23R3/28 ,  F23R3/36 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E20/344

Abstract: A hot oxygen nozzle and uses thereof in a gasifier, the hot oxygen nozzle comprising an outer-ring spout, a middle-ring spout, an inner-ring spout, and a central spout all sequentially and coaxially disposed, and a cooling system; the gasifier is an entrained-flow gasifier provided with one or more nozzles on a certain plane or a plurality of planes at the top or on the periphery of the gasifier body. The nozzle has a simple structure and is easy to make and maintain. A fuel gas passage is disposed inside the nozzle. Oxygen can be heated by a combustion of fuel gas; and high-temperature and high-speed oxygen can directly ignite carbonaceous materials such as coal-water slurry and coke-oven gas. The present invention can be applied in a gasifier and then in the final process of synthesis gas preparation.

Abstract translation: 一种热氧喷嘴及其在气化器中的应用，所述热氧喷嘴包括顺序并同轴设置的外环喷口，中环喷口，内环喷口和中心喷口，以及冷却系统; 气化器是在气化器主体的顶部或周边的特定平面或多个平面上设置有一个或多个喷嘴的夹带气化器。 喷嘴结构简单，易于制作和维护。 燃料气体通道设置在喷嘴内。 氧气可以通过燃料气体的燃烧加热; 高温高温氧气可直接点燃煤泥浆和焦炉煤气等碳质材料。 本发明可以应用于气化器中，然后在最终的合成气制备过程中。

公开(公告)号：US09410096B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-09

申请号：US14316842

申请日：2014-06-27

Applicant: WUHAN KAIDI GENERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Inventor： Yanfeng Zhang ,  Wenyan Liu ,  Minggui Xia ,  Liang Zhang

IPC: C01B7/00 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K1/06 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10K1/04

CPC classification number: C10J3/845 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K1/028 ,  C10K1/046 ,  C10K1/06 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K1/101 ,  Y02P20/124 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: A method for cooling and washing biomass syngas, the method including the following steps: 1) introducing biomass syngas having a temperature of between 1000 and 1100° C., a dust content of less than 20 g/Nm3, and a tar content of less than 3 g/Nm3 to a quench tower for condensing a slag; 2) introducing the biomass syngas after slag condensation to a waste heat boiler for recovering waste heat and condensing a heavy tar in the syngas; 3) introducing the biomass syngas from the waste heat boiler to a scrubbing-cooling tower for removing dust and decreasing a temperature of the syngas; and 4) introducing the biomass syngas after dust removal and temperature decrease from the scrubbing-cooling tower to an electro-precipitator for further removal of the dust and the tar.

Abstract translation: 一种用于冷却和洗涤生物质合成气的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：1）引入温度在1000℃至1100℃之间的生物质合成气，粉尘含量小于20g / Nm 3，焦油含量较低 超过3g / Nm 3，用于冷凝炉渣的骤冷塔; 2）将炉渣冷凝后的生物质合成气引入废热锅炉，以回收废热并冷凝合成气中的重质焦油; 3）将来自废热锅炉的生物质合成气引入洗涤冷却塔，以除去灰尘并降低合成气的温度; 和4）将除尘和降温后的生物质合成气从洗涤 - 冷却塔引入电除尘器，以进一步除去灰尘和焦油。

公开(公告)号：US09375694B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-28

申请号：US14222217

申请日：2014-03-21

Applicant: PHG Energy, LLC

Inventor： Deon John Potgieter ,  Billy Freeman Hopper ,  Jeffrey Scott Brown ,  Mark Oliver Loftin

IPC: B01J7/00 ,  B01J6/00 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/74

CPC classification number: C10J3/42 ,  B01J6/008 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/726 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2200/156 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1846

Abstract: A downdraft gasifier that utilizes a plurality of vertically positioned tubes to create a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone beneath the pyrolysis zone and a reduction zone beneath the oxidation zone. The shape of the tubes eliminates the need for a restriction (hearth), which limits the maximum achievable throughput. A rotating and vertically adjustable grate is located beneath, but not attached to, the reduction zone of the gasifier.

Abstract translation: 利用多个垂直定位的管产生热解区，热解区下面的氧化区和氧化区下面的还原区的下气流气化器。 管的形状消除了限制（炉膛）的需要，这限制了最大可实现的生产量。 旋转和垂直调节的炉排位于气化器的还原区的下面但不附着。

公开(公告)号：US09175439B2

公开(公告)日：2015-11-03

申请号：US11996522

申请日：2006-09-06

Applicant: Ragnar Tegman

Inventor： Ragnar Tegman

IPC: B01D3/02 ,  B01J19/00 ,  D21C11/12 ,  C04B35/113 ,  C04B35/44 ,  C04B35/443 ,  C04B35/657 ,  C04B35/66 ,  C10J3/74 ,  F27D1/00

CPC classification number: D21C11/122 ,  C04B35/113 ,  C04B35/44 ,  C04B35/443 ,  C04B35/657 ,  C04B35/66 ,  C04B2235/3201 ,  C04B2235/3206 ,  C04B2235/3208 ,  C04B2235/3218 ,  C04B2235/3222 ,  C04B2235/3241 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  C04B2235/80 ,  C04B2235/9669 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  F27D1/0006

Abstract: A chemical reactor and a method for arranging a ceramic barrier in a gasifying reactor, which reactor is arranged to convert high energy organic waste of black liquor type with a large amount of organic or inorganic alkali metal compounds, by high temperature oxidation with air or oxygen, whereby the organic waste is converted to a hot reducing gas containing a considerable amount of water vapour and the inorganic compounds form an alkali-containing salt melt at a temperature of 750-1150° C., and which reactor is arranged to comprise an outer shell (14) with associated inlet and outlet devices for reactants and products, the method comprising the arranging of a lining (16, 18) comprising one or more layers of ceramic barriers (16, 18) on the inside of the shell (14), the innermost ceramic barrier (16) of the reactor being composed of a lining material that primarily contains compounds of aluminium oxide (Al2O3), and at least one of alkali metal oxides (Me2(I)O) and alkaline earth metal oxides (Me(I)0), forming compounds of the type Me2(I)O Al2O3 and Me(II)0-Al2O3.

Abstract translation: 一种化学反应器和在气化反应器中布置陶瓷阻挡层的方法，该反应器被布置成通过用空气或氧气高温氧化将大量有机或无机碱金属化合物转化成黑液型的高能有机废物 ，由此将有机废物转化成含有相当量的水蒸气的热还原气体，并且无机化合物在750-1150℃的温度下形成含碱盐的熔体，并且该反应器被布置成包含外部 壳体（14），其具有用于反应物和产品的相关联的入口和出口装置，所述方法包括在壳体（14）的内侧布置包括一层或多层陶瓷阻挡层（16,18）的衬里（16,18） ，反应器最内层的陶瓷阻挡层（16）由主要包含氧化铝（Al2O3）和碱金属氧化物（Me2（I）O）和碱土金属间化合物中的至少一种的衬里材料组成 （Me（I）0），形成Me2（I）O Al2O3和Me（II）0-Al2O3型化合物。