公开(公告)号：US4042376A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-16

申请号：US650882

申请日：1976-01-21

Applicant: Per Harald Collin

Inventor： Per Harald Collin

IPC: B01J8/24 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/28 ,  B01J8/38 ,  C22B1/10

CPC classification number: B01J8/388 ,  B01J8/1836 ,  B01J8/28 ,  B01J2208/00292 ,  B01J2208/0053

Abstract: A method for endothermic reduction of solid materials in a circulating fluid bed comprising a vertically elongated reaction zone of intermediate and lower sections separated by a transport zone, wherein due to high gas velocity therein essentially all materials entering the transport zone are transported from the lower to the intermediate section; an apparatus for carrying out such method is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在循环流化床中吸热还原固体物质的方法，包括由运输区隔开的中间和下部的垂直伸长的反应区，其中基本上所有进入输送区的材料的高气体速度从较低转运到 中间部分 还公开了一种用于执行这种方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4098604A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-04

申请号：US662912

申请日：1976-03-01

Applicant: Per Harald Collin

Inventor： Per Harald Collin

IPC: C22B1/14 ,  C21B13/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  C22B1/10

CPC classification number: C21B13/0033 ,  Y02P10/122 ,  Y02P10/126 ,  Y02P10/128 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/212

Abstract: A method for partial reduction in a fluid bed of a fine grained iron oxide containing material whereby a fine grain low sulphur content mixture of partially reduced iron oxide containing material and coke is produced; the coke is obtained from carbonaceous material with a relatively high content of sulphur; accordingly, the combination allows the utilization of carbonaceous materials with a relatively high content of sulfur for the reduction of iron oxide and subsequent production of iron or steel without transferring the sulfur into the final product but separating it therefrom during the partial reduction of the iron oxide.

Abstract translation: 一种用于部分还原含细小氧化铁的材料的流化床的方法，由此产生部分还原的含氧化铁的材料和焦炭的细粒低硫含量混合物; 焦炭是由硫含量较高的碳质材料得到的; 因此，该组合允许利用具有相对高含量的硫的碳质材料来还原氧化铁并随后生产铁或钢而不将硫转移到最终产物中，但是在氧化铁的部分还原期间将其分离 。

公开(公告)号：US3985544A

公开(公告)日：1976-10-12

申请号：US493614

申请日：1974-07-31

Applicant: Per Harald Collin ,  Folke Karl Evald Johansson

Inventor： Per Harald Collin ,  Folke Karl Evald Johansson

IPC: C21B11/00 ,  C21B11/10 ,  C21B13/00 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/14 ,  C21C5/52

CPC classification number: C21B13/14 ,  C21B11/00 ,  C21B11/10 ,  C21B13/0013 ,  C21B13/002 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/143 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/143 ,  Y10S75/958

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of combined production of electrical energy and crude iron, comprising reducing iron oxides while keeping the temperature below the melting point of the crude iron during a pre-reduction and above said melting point during a final reduction. The pre-reduction is made by introducing carbonaceous material and the material containing iron oxides into a fluid bed containing solid carbonaceous material, producing reducing gases in the fluid bed by partial combustion of the carbonaceous material with air/or oxygen gas, pre-reducing the iron oxides by said reducing gases until the material has achieved a metallization degree of 30-80 %, most of the heat requirement of the pre-reduction being covered by said combustion. The pre-reduced material is finally reduced and molten by being brought into contact with carbon, and the heat requirement of this final reduction and melting process is covered by electric heating. A substantial part of the exhaust gases from the reduction operations is passed to a thermal power station to generate electrical power therein.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种组合生产电能和粗铁的方法，包括在预还原过程中将氧化铁还原成低于原铁的熔点，并在最终还原期间高于所述熔点。 通过将碳质材料和含有氧化铁的材料引入含有固体碳质材料的流化床中来进行预还原，通过碳质材料与空气或/或氧气的部分燃烧在流化床中产生还原气体，预还原 通过所述还原气体的氧化铁，直到材料达到30-80％的金属化度，预还原的大部分热量需求被所述燃烧覆盖。 预还原材料最终通过与碳接触而被还原和熔化，并且该最终还原和熔融过程的热需求被电加热覆盖。 来自还原操作的废气的很大一部分被传递到火力发电站以在其中产生电力。

公开(公告)号：US4094665A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-13

申请号：US796658

申请日：1977-05-13

Applicant: Per Harald Collin ,  Bjorn Widell

Inventor： Per Harald Collin ,  Bjorn Widell

IPC: C21B13/00 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/14 ,  C21C5/52

CPC classification number: C21B13/12 ,  C21B13/0033 ,  C21B13/14 ,  Y02P10/136

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of combined production of electrical energy and crude iron and provides a further improvement over a method described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,985,544, issued Oct. 12, 1976; particularly, this method finds application when particulates of .ltoreq. 1 mm in size are being used in practicing the further improved and described process.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种组合生产电能和粗铁的方法，并且提供了对美国专利No. 1976年10月12日授权的3,985,544号; 特别地，当实施进一步改进和描述的过程时，使用尺寸为

公开(公告)号：US4080511A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US672342

申请日：1976-03-31

Applicant: Per Harald Collin

Inventor： Per Harald Collin

IPC: C21B11/00 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21C5/52 ,  F27B3/08 ,  F27D11/08 ,  H05B7/18 ,  F27D3/00

CPC classification number: C21C5/5229 ,  C21B13/12 ,  F27D11/08 ,  Y02P10/216

Abstract: For the melt reduction in a DC electric arc furnace of iron oxide material of such a fine grain size that it can be blown about by the action of an electric arc, a hearth for the iron melt used, is provided with an outer wall and a roof down through which an arcing electrode extends with its tip positioned to form an arc with the melt, the electrode having a lengthwise passage through which the fine-grained oxide material, together with equally fine-grained particles of carbonaceous material, are fed to the tip. This prevents substantial loss of the materials by their being blown away from the arc. The arc, unshielded by the flow of materials, can produce from the space radiation damaging to furnace linings. To prevent the effect of such radiation, at least the electrode tip is surrounded by a coke bed floating on the melt and retained by a partition depending from the roof symmetrically around the electrode, down to a level spaced above the melt level, the lower portion of the coke bed closing the space between the partition and the melt. The partition forms an outer space within the wall and under the roof and to which the reaction gases can flow via the interface between the coke bed and the melt and possibly through the particles of coke, to this outer space, the latter having means for exhausting the gases. The coke bed permits the arc to operate while acting as a barrier against the arc radiation, while the coke bed at the same time permits the reaction gases to flow under the bed to the outer space for discharge from the apparatus, the bed shielding the furnace construction above, against the heat of the discharging gases.

Abstract translation: 对于这样的细晶粒尺寸的直流电弧炉中的熔融还原，其可以通过电弧的作用而被吹送，所以使用的铁熔体的炉床设置有外壁和 电弧电极通过其延伸，顶端定位成与熔体形成弧形，电极具有纵向通道，微细氧化物材料以及同样细粒度的碳质材料颗粒通过该纵向通道被供给到 小费。 这样可以防止材料被电弧吹走而大量损失。 电弧不受材料流动的影响，可以从空间辐射破坏到炉衬。 为了防止这种辐射的影响，至少电极尖端被漂浮在熔体上的焦炭床围绕，并且被围绕电极对称的由屋顶悬垂的分隔物保持下降到在熔体水平之上的水平面，下部 的焦炭床关闭隔板和熔体之间的空间。 隔板在墙壁内和屋顶之下形成外部空间，反应气体可以通过焦炭床和熔体之间的界面并可能通过焦炭颗粒流动到该外部空间，后者具有排气装置 气体。 焦炭床允许电弧在作为隔离电弧辐射的屏障的同时运行，同时焦炭床同时允许反应气体在床下流到外部空间以从设备排出，该床屏蔽炉 施工以上，对排放气体的热量。

公开(公告)号：US4084958A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-18

申请号：US810977

申请日：1977-06-29

Applicant: Per Harald Collin ,  Bjorn Widell

Inventor： Per Harald Collin ,  Bjorn Widell

IPC: C21B13/00 ,  C21B13/02

CPC classification number: C21B13/0033 ,  Y02P10/136

Abstract: Fine-grained iron oxide reduction in a fluidized bed; a reducing agent in the form of fine-grained solid carbonaceous material containing volatile constituents is introduced into at least one zone of the fluidized bed; in said zone the volatile constituents are driven off, and a tarry material is temporarily formed on the surface of the particles of the carbonaceous material; the fine-grained iron oxide to be reduced is introduced into said zone; iron oxide particles adhere to the tarry carbonaceous particles; in this manner micro-aggregates which are especially desired are formed; but the formation of bigger aggregates is prevented.

Abstract translation: 流化床中细粒度氧化铁​​还原; 将含有挥发性成分的细粒固体含碳材料形式的还原剂引入流化床的至少一个区域; 在所述区域中，挥发性成分被驱除，并且焦油材料暂时形成在碳质材料颗粒的表面上; 待还原的细粒氧化铁被引入所述区域; 氧化铁颗粒附着在焦油碳质颗粒上; 以这种方式形成特别需要的微团聚物; 但是防止形成更大的聚集体。

公开(公告)号：US4026679A

公开(公告)日：1977-05-31

申请号：US664514

申请日：1976-03-08

Applicant: Per Harald Collin

Inventor： Per Harald Collin

IPC: C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10K1/20

CPC classification number: C10J3/54 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1807

Abstract: A process for the conversion of carbonaceous materials containing sulphur to an essentially sulphur-free combustible gas by gasification, comprising partially gasifying the carbonaceous material in a first circulating fluid bed by supplying to said zone adjusted streams of the carbonaceous material, finely-divided CaO-containing material and steam, separating solid materials from streams of gases and solid materials leaving said reaction zone, subjecting an adjusted fraction stream of said solid materials to separation of ashes and sulphur purification and then returning this stream to the reaction zone, transferring the rest of the solid materials to a second circulating fluid bed, wherein the solid materials by partial combustion with an adjusted stream of gases containing molecular oxygen is heated to an overtemperature which is adjusted by controlling the content of oxygen of the gas in such a way that the materials after separation from the reaction gases and recirculation to the first fluid bed satisfies the heat requirement for the gasification therein. The invention also covers an apparatus for carrying out said process.

Abstract translation: 一种通过气化将含硫的碳质材料转化成基本上不含硫的可燃气体的方法，包括通过向所述区域供应调节的碳质材料的流，将第一循环流化床中的含碳材料部分气化，将细碎的CaO- 将固体物质与离开所述反应区的气体和固体物质分离出来，使所述固体物质的调整的馏分物流分离灰分和硫的纯化，然后将该物流返回到反应区，将其余的 将固体材料输送到第二循环流化床，其中通过用调节的含有分子氧气流的部分燃烧将固体材料加热到过热，该温度通过控制气体的氧含量来调节，使得材料 在与反应气体分离后再循环 第一流化床满足其中气化的热需求。 本发明还包括用于执行所述过程的装置。

公开(公告)号：US3932173A

公开(公告)日：1976-01-13

申请号：US400650

申请日：1973-09-25

Applicant: Per Harald Collin ,  Folke Karl Evald Johansson

Inventor： Per Harald Collin ,  Folke Karl Evald Johansson

IPC: C22B5/02 ,  C21B7/02 ,  C21B11/02 ,  C21B13/00 ,  C22B4/00 ,  C22B9/00

CPC classification number: C22B4/00 ,  C21B13/0006

Abstract: A method for reducing iron oxide in a melt of iron by maintaining a reduction layer on the surface of the molten iron and passing the molten metal from the melt through vertical channels which communicate at the bottom of the metal melt an with a space at the top of the melt which is above that of the reduction layer so as to pass the melt including the oxide there through the reduction layer, the molten metal being lifted up through the channel by means of a gas lift pump action and heating the molten metal by inductive heating while it is flowing through the channel.

Abstract translation: 一种通过在铁水表面保持还原层并使来自熔体的熔融金属通过垂直通道在金属熔体的底部连通的顶部和顶部的空间来还原铁的熔化物的方法 的熔体高于还原层的熔体，以使包含氧化物的熔体通过还原层，熔融金属通过气举泵作用被提升通过通道，并通过感应加热熔融金属 在流经通道时加热。

公开(公告)号：US4079185A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-14

申请号：US672341

申请日：1976-03-31

Applicant: Per Harald Collin

Inventor： Per Harald Collin

IPC: C21B11/00 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21C5/52 ,  C22C33/04 ,  F27B3/08 ,  F27D3/18 ,  F27D11/08 ,  H05B7/18 ,  F27D3/00

CPC classification number: F27D11/08 ,  C21B13/12 ,  F27D3/18

Abstract: For the melt reduction of iron oxides, arcs are formed between at least three arcing electrodes in an iron melt, the electrodes being symmetrically positioned about a common vertical axis. The arcs are powered by direct current with the electrodes being cathodic and the melt anodic, and the electrodes are interspaced so closely together that the arcs, due to the direct current powering, converge and form a common focal spot at the electrodes' axis, on the melt, the spot remaining stationary and with any slag on the melt blown away so that the spot is formed by bare metal. Iron oxide material and carbonaceous material, in fine form, is fed downwardly to this spot with the reaction between the oxides and carbon occurring practically immediately.

Abstract translation: 对于铁氧化物的熔融还原，在铁熔体中的至少三个电弧电极之间形成弧，电极围绕公共垂直轴对称定位。 电弧由直流电流供电，电极为阴极，熔体阳极，并且电极交替紧密地在一起，使得电弧由于直流供电而会聚并在电极的轴线上形成共同的焦斑 熔体，保持静止的位置和熔体上的任何炉渣吹走，使得斑点由裸露的金属形成。 氧化铁材料和微细形式的碳质材料向下送入该点，氧化物和碳之间的反应几乎立即发生。

公开(公告)号：US4033562A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-05

申请号：US479078

申请日：1974-06-13

Applicant: Per Harald Collin

Inventor： Per Harald Collin

IPC: F27B1/08 ,  C21B11/08 ,  C21C5/56 ,  F27B1/10 ,  F27B3/08 ,  C21C7/00

CPC classification number: C21C5/562 ,  C21B11/08 ,  Y02P10/216 ,  Y10S266/90 ,  Y10S266/901

Abstract: A furnace for melting solid ferrous pieces such as pig iron and steel scrap, features a combination of electric induction heating and flame heating of the pieces which are charged into the furnace hearth via a charging stack up through which the products of combustion flow from the furnace counter-current to the descending charged pieces moving downwardly through the stack. The flame heating is via burners supplied with hydrocarbon fluid fuel with oxygen proportioned for incomplete combustion, the products of combustion and unburned fuel ascending through the stack and preheating the descending charged pieces. Air is supplied to the stack to complete the combustion of the previously unburned fuel in and around the descending pieces, this being done at a level where the descending pieces have not yet reached temperatures sufficient to cause excessive oxidation of the pieces. Other details providing for effective utilization of these principles, are included in the disclosure.

Abstract translation: 用于熔炼固体铁片如生铁和废钢的炉子，其特征在于，通过加料产物将炉子产生的燃料从炉子中流出的装料堆放起来，将电感应加热和火焰加热组合成炉底 与下降的带电件逆流通过堆叠向下移动。 火焰加热通过燃烧器供应碳氢化合物流体燃料，氧气成比例用于不完全燃烧，燃烧产物和未燃烧燃料通过堆叠上升并预热下降的带电件。 空气被提供给堆叠，以完成先前未燃烧的燃料在下降件中和周围的燃烧，这在下降部件尚未达到足以引起件的过度氧化的温度下进行。 本公开包括提供有效利用这些原理的其他细节。